Embryology
/organogenesis/
Development and teratology of
sensory organs

2
eyedevdiasmall
eardevdiasmall pimg_715201164340393
              EYE                                              EAR
Day 22:  sulcus opticus (neuroectoderm)          Day 22: otic placode (ectoderm)

3
eyedevdiasmall
pimg_715201164340393
EYE
Sulcus opticus (1)
Optic vesicle → cup (2-3)
    (week 4)
----------------------------------
Lens placode (2)
Lens vesicle (2-3)

4
DEVELOPMENT                        of the EYE

NEUROECTODERM:
     OPTIC GROOVE (evagination of
     prosencephalon) give rise to OPTIC
     VESICLE (CUP) develops into retina,
     OPTIC STALK of optic vesicle
     give rise to optic nerve
ECTODERM:
     LENS PLACODE a LENS VESICLE
     and
     VENTRAL CORNEAL EPITHELIUMÞ
MESENCHYME:
     all other components of the eye (sclera,
     choroid, ciliary body, iris, vitreous
     body, cornea except its Þ ventral epith.)
Eye1a pimg_715201164340393

5
Development of the eye
Smyslové orgány I - 25
sulcus opticus                     optic vesicles                                  optic cup
                                           + lens placode                                + lens
vesicle

6
Smyslové orgány II - 3
Hyaloid artery and vein in choroidal fissure
Lens vesicle
Surface
ectoderm
2 layers of optic cup
              Retina
Optic stalk
       nervus opticus

7
Smyslové orgány I - 26


8
Smyslové orgány I - 27


9
Smyslové orgány I - 28


10
IN EYEBALL:
Retina – from neuroectoderm of mesencephalon
Lens cristalina – from ectoderm
Conjunctival epithelium – from ectoderm
All other – from mesenchym
EYELID
– from ectoderm + mesenchym
Animation followes

11
lens Gray864 eyed2
Lens growth is induced by optic vesicle
(picture is animated)

12
Teratology of the eye
•Anophthalmia
•Microphthalmia
•Aphakia
•Coloboma                (iris, eyelid)
•Congenital cataracta                           or glaucom
•Congenital                          ptosis of                             eyelid
microphthalmia2 6702840f15th McCann_right_eye 2367860225_0f9888400f eyes1 50021X-fx24
no lens
1_1003_5

13
Smyslové orgány II - 18
auricle              external                      tympanic cavity,         inner ear
                         acoustic meatus         Eustachian tube
mesenchyme    the 1st                        the 1st                       ectodermal
tubercules (6)    pharyngeal cleft         pharyngeal pouch     otocyst

14
EAR
ECTODERM:
Otic placode (1)
    (day 22)
Otic pit (2)
Otocyst (3-4)
The 1st ECTODERMAL
cleft:
Meatus acusticus
eardevdiasmall
The 1st
ENDODERMAL pouch:
Auditory tube +
Tympanic cavity
Inner ear:
Utriculus + semic. ducts
Sacculus + cochlear duct
Tympanic membrane
Ossicles

15
Smyslové orgány II - 7
Otic placode  – thickening of ectoderm
       Otic pit
       Otic vesicle =
otocyst:
          epithelium of membranous labyrinth, incl. sensory ep.  originate from ectoderm
Development of the inner ear

16
Smyslové orgány II - 8
Otic pit Þ otic vesicle (otocyst)

17
Smyslové orgány II - 9
Differentiation of the otocyst into membanous labyrinth:
V
E
N
T
R
A
L
L
Y
D
O
R
S
A
L
L
Y

18
Smyslové orgány II - 15
Development of tympanic membrane and cavity
Development of the ear ossicles
The 1st and 2nd branchial arch: 1 - cartilago Meckeli ð maleus, incus
                                                    2 - cartilago Reicherti ð stapes

19
invertedfetus Smyslové orgány II - 14
Development of the outer ear
 from mesenchyme of the 1st and 2nd arch, covered with ectoderm ð 6 tubercles (3 ventral + 3
dorsal)

20
Teratology:
congenital malformations of the ear
•Anomalies of:
•
•Outer ear:                              anotia, macrotia, microtia, preauricular protuberances and
sinuses, meatus atresia
•Middle ear: congenital fixation of stapes
•Inner ear:  aplasia –hypoplasia of labyrinth (rubeola in mother), salicyl preparates using during
the 1st trimester)
•Hypacusia or deafness:
•
•
•conductive
•
•
•
•
•sensorineural (perceptive)
•

21
https://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/771/flashcards/1234771/jpg/cear1330213890701.jpg
http://www.huidziekten.nl/afbeeldingen/preauricular-sinus-3.jpg
http://synapse.koreamed.org/ArticleImage/0052KJP/kjped-53-1018-g001-l.jpg
https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/images/thumb/0/09/Preauricular_sinus.jpg/300px-Preaur
icular_sinus.jpg http://img.medscapestatic.com/pi/meds/ckb/56/44856tn.jpg
https://static-content.springer.com/image/prt%3A978-3-642-23499-6%2F13/MediaObjects/978-3-642-23499
-6_13_Part_Fig3-842_HTML.jpg
Meatus atresia

22
end


23
Hertwig268.jpg


24
eye_G02_anatomy_label_600


25
HUMB1L


26
Smyslové orgány II - 20
Bony labyrinth
from mesenchyme
Cochlea
Vestibulum
Canales semicirculares
Membranous labyrinth
from ectoderm – epithelium,
from mesenchyme –rest (membrana basilaris, perilymphatic spaces and their epithelium)
Ductus cochlearis
Sacculus
Utriculus
Ductus semicirculares
Ductus et saccus endolymphaticus

27
Smyslové orgány II - 10


28
Smyslové orgány II - 13
Development of the outer and middle ear
arrobend arrobend arrobend arrobend
 the first                                the first
 ectoderm                             endoderm
 cleft                                      pouch
Recessus tubotympanicus
„ear-drum“

29
Smyslové orgány II - 2 Smyslové orgány I - 25
pure23r pure23r
sulcus
opticus
redbutn redbutn
optic
vesicle
lens placode
optic
vesicle
      +
eyestalk
sign
Ectoderm:
lens placode (lens cristalina)
Neuroectoderm:
optic vesicle ð retina
Prosencephalon
redbutn redbutn
retina:
pigment epith.
other layers             (2-10)
Lens