GENERAL EMBRYOLOGY 1
Meiosis. Development of gamets. Fertilization. Cleavage.
Implantation. Changes in blastocyst during implantation.
Differentiation of embryoblast and trophoblast.
Germ disc. The axial organs of embryo. Development of
embryonic mesoderm and notochord.
MITOSIS and MEIOSIS – the main differences
PRIMORDIAL
FOLLICLES
PRIMARY
UNILAMINAR
FOLLICLE
PRIMARY
MULTILAMINAR
FOLLICLES
SECONDARY
FOLLICLE
GRAAFIAN
FOLLICLE
GROWTH AND MATURATION OF OVARIAN FOLLICLES
PRIMARY
OOCYTE
in these follicles
SECONDARY
OOCYTE
Corona
radiata
Zona pellucida
Follicular fluid
Mitotic spindle in metaphase 2
Thecalutein cells
Fibrin clot
CORPUS LUTEUM
Granulosa lutein cells
OVULATION
Ruptured follicle
Theca folliculi
externa and interna
Membrana
granulosa
Zona pellucida
CORTEX OVARII
Oocyte Sperm
Acrosomal and cortical reaction
oocyte II sperm penetration zygote
pronuclei diploid set of chromosomes
polar body
meiotic
spindle
cleavage
secondary
oocyte
in metaphase 2
implanted
blastocyst
FERTILIZATION AND IMPLANTATION
cumulus
oophorus
zona
pellucida
blastocyst
morula
FERTILIZATION
zygote
– 18 h after fertilization 24 h 45 h
morula - 72 h morula – 96 h blastocyst
IMPLANTATION – DAY 8 1/2
Trophoblast
Blastocyst
cavity
Hypoblast
Cytotrophoblast
Amniotic sac
Syncytiotrophoblast
Uterine gland
Trophoblastic lacune
IMPLANTATION – DAY 10
Primitive (primary) yolk sac Extraembryonic mesoderm
Hypoblast
Epiblast
Cytotrophoblast
Syncytiotrophoblast
Trophoblastic Amniotic Cytototrophoblastic
lacune cavity bud (or primary villus)
Heuser´s membrane
IMPLANTATION – DAY 13
Extraembryonic Definitive (secondary)
coelom yolk sac
Secondary
chorionic villus (with EEM)
Hypoblast
Epiblast
Cytotrophoblast
Syncytiotrophoblast
Connecting stalk Trophoblastic lacune
(extraembryonic mesoderm) (with capillary outlet)
CLEAVAGE AND IMPLANTATION
Mitotic spindle
within zygote
Polar bodies
MORULA
BLASTOCYST
SyncytiotrophoblastBlastocyst cavity
ENDOMETRIUM
UTERINE GLANDS
Trophoblast
Embryoblast (ICM)
Extraembr.
mesoderm
Primitive
yolk sac
Chorion
Operculum
Amniotic cavity
Trophoblastic
lacunae
Cytotrophoblast
Hypoblast
Epiblast
Connecting stalk
Amnion
Germ disc
Definitive
yolk sac
Extraembryonic
coelom
Chorionic cavity
zápatí prezentace12
DORSAL SIDE OF GERM DISC – DAY 14
Wall of amniotic cavity Prochordal plate
Connecting stalk
Wall of yolk sac
Hypoblast Epiblast
Primitive
streak
Germ disc
day 16
GERM DISC - DAY 16
Amnionic
wall
Amniotic cavity
Prochordal
plate (oropharyngeal membrane)
Notochordal
process
Cloacal
membrane
Primitive
node
Primitive
Streak
Allantois
Ectoderm
Primitive
pit
Notochordal Primitive
process streak
Prochordal plate
A – view on dorsal side B – longitudinal section
GERM DISC - DAY 17
A – longitudinal section, B, C – transversal sections
Canal of Lieberkühn
Wall of yolk sac
Prochordal
plate
Notochordal
process
Connecting stalk
Primitive pit
Cloacal
membrane
Notochordal Embryonic
/head/ proces mesoderm
Embryonic Endoderm
mesoderm
Notochordal plate
Ectoderm
Amnion
Allantois
zápatí prezentace17
zápatí prezentace18
GENERAL EMBRYOLOGY I
̶ Set of embryological schemes I
̶ Atlas of Cytology and Embryology – pg. 71 – 79
̶ Discussion
̶ 3 embryological schemes according to teacher instructions