Development and teratology of urinary system
28.3.2022
Anna Mac Gillavry Danylevska




Pronephros: 4th week
Mesonephros: 4th – 10th week (6th – 12th week)
Metanephros: 5th to 9th week (12th week)
T.W. Sadler, Langman´s medical embryology, 12th edition

Mesonephros
T.W. Sadler, Langman´s medical embryology, 12th edition


Metanephros
T.W. Sadler, Langman´s medical embryology, 12th edition


T.W. Sadler, Langman´s medical embryology, 12th edition



Renal defects
•Renal agenesis: unilateral (1 in 1000)/bilateral (1 in 3000 – 10000; 3:1 males to females; Potter
sequence: anuria, oligohydramnios, pulmonary hypoplasia)
•Renal displasia
•Multicystic displastic kidney
•Congenital polycystic kidney disease: autosomal recessive (1 in 5000)/ autosomal dominant (1 in
500 to 1000) – group of cilliopathties Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Mackel-Gruber syndrom
•Wilms tumor – affects children by 5 years of age incl. fetal period – WAGR syndrom, Denis-Drash
syndrome
•

Renal defects
•Duplication of the ureter – splitting of the uretric bud
•Ectopic ureter – development of two uretric buds
•Supernumerary kidney
•
•Abnormal location:
• - pelvic kidney
• - horseshoe kidney (1/600)
• - unilatelar fused kidney
• - accessory (suprenumeral) renal arteries – 25% of kidneys have 2 to 4 arteries

Bladder and urethra
Urogenital sinus:
 - vesical part
 - pelvic part
 - phallic part
T.W. Sadler, Langman´s medical embryology, 12th edition

•Urachal abnormalities:
-urachal sinus
-urachal cyst
-urachal fistula
•
•Extrophy of the bladder
•(1-2/10000-40000)
•Extrophy of the cloaca
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T.W. Sadler, Langman´s medical embryology, 12th edition