Fever is an elevation of body temperature above normal circadian variation as a result of change in
thermoregulatory centre, located in anterior hypothalamus.
Effects:
oInhibits growth of some microbial agents
oIncreases heart rate
oIncreases respiration
oIncreases the use of body proteins as a source of energy
What is fever?
Causes:
infections, including the flu and pneumonia
some inflammatory diseases
food poisoning

Latin terms:
Febris, is, f.
oMeaning: Fever
oInflection: 3rd declension noun, follows the paradigm (dosis – EXCEPTION!)
Calor, oris, m.
oMeaning: Heat
oInflection: 3rd declension noun, follows the paradigm (dolor)
General terms

Greek components:
Pyret-
Meaning: relating to pyros which means fire or fever.
Example: antipyretic which is a drug reducing fever.
Therm-
Meaning: heat.
Example: hypothermia which means low body temperature.
General terms

oBody temperature is controlled in the hypothalamus.
oThe normal 'set-point' of core temperature is tightly regulated within 37 ± 0.5°C.
oTemperature: Rectal>Oral>Axillary
oThe body may raise its temperature to help fight off an infection. When the body is hotter, it
makes it harder for viruses or bacteria to survive.
Body temperature

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02
Body temperature
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Hypothermia, ae, f.
oMeaning: the condition of having a dangerously low body temperature (below 35 C).
oSymptoms: shivering, exhaustion or feeling very tired, confusion, or fumbling hands.
oCauses: exposure to cold-weather conditions or cold water.
Subfebris, is, f.
oWhen the body temperature is above normal but not within the range to be classified as fever, i.e.
between 37 and 37.9 C.
03
Subfebrilis, e
orelated to subfebris

febris, is, f./pyrexia, ae, f.
oMeaning: an abnormally high body temperature, i.e. between 38 and 39.9 C
oSymptoms: rise in temperature, weakness, fatigue, cough or sore throat
afebrilis, e
onot related to fever, non-feverous
febrilis, e
orelated to fever, feverous
Body temperature
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febricula, ae, f.
oA mild fever of short duration, of indefinite origin, and without any distinctive pathology.
hyperpyrexia, ae, f
oMeaning: a very high fever (more than 40 C)
oSymptoms: increased or irregular heart rate, muscle spasms, rapid breathing, seizures.
Body temperature
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F. continua:
oContinuus, a, um
otemp. remains above normal during day & there will be little/no change in the temp.
F. intermittens:
oIntermittens, entis
ofeverous state alternates with non-feverous state
Types of fever named after progression
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F. remittens:
oRemittens, ntis
otemp. remains above normal during day & it will fluctuate more than 1°C in the day
oOscillating
F. recurrens:
oRecurrens, entis
oHaving multiple fevers during a specific time period.
Types of fever named after progression
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03
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F. ephemera:
oEphemerus, a, um
oLasting a day
F. inversa:
oInverse fever,
oWhen the temperature is higher in the morning than in the evening, which is not usual
Types of fever named after progression
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F. undulans:
oUndulans, antis
oResults in the rise and fall of temp., looks like a wave.
F. biphasica:
oBiphasicus, a, um
oCharacterised by an early elevation in body temperature followed by a later one.
Types of fever named after progression
07
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f. herpetica
Herpetic disease
f. glandularis
Mononucleosis
f. gastrica
Typhoid fever
SATURN
JUPITER
Types of fever accompanied with a particular disease
Typhoid Fever Outbreaks in the United States - GIDEON - Global Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology
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Typically seen in malaria, repeating itself each 3/4/5 days
Rheumatic fever
Inflammation of mammary gland
Types of fever accompanied with a particular disease
f. pallida
f. tertiana, quartana, quintanna
f. lactea
Diagram Description automatically generated Repeat Symbol Vector Images (over 96,000) A close up of
a child Description automatically generated with medium confidence

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Diseases
f. flava
= yellow fever
Headache, jaundice, muscle spasms
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f. puerperalis
= childbed fever, due to post-partum infection of reproductive organs
f. rheumatica
= inflammatory disease
painful joints, muscle spasms
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Puerperal fever - Microbiology Nuts & Bolts Five foods that are known to cause inflammation |
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