Institute for Microbiology, Medical Faculty of Masaryk University     and St. Anna Faculty Hospital
                                              in Brno





                                    Agents of wound infections











                                          Types of wound

•           Common superficial injuries

•           Severe  contused wounds

•           Wounds sustained in water

•           Injuries sustained in the tropics

•           Surgical wounds

•           Burns

•           Bites inflicted by man

•           Animal bites and other injuries





                                    Common superficial injuries

•           Staphylococcus aureus

•           Streptococcus pyogenes

•           beta-hemolytic streptococci of other groups (above all G, F, C)



! Attention in case of the foreign body in the wound (splinter, thorn) and in case of deeper stab
wounds (fork soiled by horse manure): Clostridium tetani









                                      Severe  contused wounds

•           Agents of clostridial myonecrosis

  (Clostridium perfringens, C. septicum,    C. novyi, C. histolyticum)

   clostridial myonecrosis = anaerobic traumatosis =  gas gangrene ~  malignant edema



•           Clostridium tetani



                                     Wounds sustained in water

•            In fresh water:

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa

    Aeromonas hydrophila

    other pseudomonads and aeromonads



•            In salt water:

    Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus

    Mycobacterium marinum (also in fresh-water swimming pools, tanks and aquaria)

                                 Injuries sustained in the tropics

Mainly on feet



•           soil nocardiae                              (Dermatophilus congolensis, Rhodococcus
equi)

•           atypical mycobacteria                      (Mycobacterium ulcerans, Mycobacterium
haemophilum)

•           micromycetes                                                        (Sporothrix
schenckii, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis)



                                          Surgical wounds

Staphylococcus aureus



coagulase-negative staphylococci                             (mainly Staph. epidermidis)



Enterobacteriaceae (Esch. coli, Pr. mirabilis)



Streptococcus pyogenes



anaerobes                                                (Peptostreptococcus micros,
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius,  Bacteroides fragilis)

                                               Burns

Mostly:



Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Staphylococcus aureus

Streptococcus pyogenes

other streptococci

enterococci

candidae and aspergilli





                                      Bites inflicted by man

   members of oral microflora:



   - „oral streptococci“ (Streptococcus sanguinis, S. oralis, S. anginosus)

   - anaerobes (Fusobacterium nucleatum ssp. nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis)



   Staphylococcus aureus





                                           Animal bites

    Pasteurella multocida (cats, dogs)

    Staphylococcus aureus (any animal)



    Capnocytophaga canimorsus (dogs)

    Streptobacillus moniliformis (rats)

    Spirillum minus                                            (mice, rats, cats, dogs)





                                     Other injuries by animals

Francisella tularensis (rodents, hares – tularemia)



Bartonella henselae (cat scratch disease)









                                            Homework 6
                           Egon Schiele (1890-1918): Dead mother (1910)

                                            Homework 7
                     Who is the author of this painting and what is its name?