OBJECTIVES • At the end of this course participants should be able to demonstrate: – How to assess the collapsed victim. – How to perform chest compression and rescue breathing. – How to operate an automated external defibrillator safely. – How to place an unconscious breathing victim in the recovery position. BACKGROUND • Approximately 700,000 cardiac arrests per year in Europe • Survival to hospital discharge presently approximately 5-10% • Bystander CPR vital intervention before arrival of emergency services • Early resuscitation and prompt defibrillation (within 1-2 minutes) can result in >60% survival CHAIN OF SURVIVAL APPROACH SAFELY! Scene Rescuer Victim Bystanders CHECK RESPONSE CHECK RESPONSE SHOUT FOR HELP OPEN AIRWAY CHECK BREATHING CHECK BREATHING • Look, listen and feel for NORMAL breathing • Do not confuse agonal breathing with NORMAL breathing AGONAL BREATHING • Occurs shortly after the heart stops in up to 40% of cardiac arrests • Described as barely, heavy, noisy or gasping breathing • Recognise as a sign of cardiac arrest 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS CHEST COMPRESSIONS RESCUE BREATHS RESCUE BREATHS • Pinch the nose • Take a normal breath • Place lips over mouth • Blow until the chest rises • Take about 1 second • Allow chest to fall • Repeat CONTINUE CPR 30 2 DEFIBRILLATION SWITCH ON AED • Some AEDs will automatically switch themselves on when the lid is opened ATTACH PADS TO CASUALTY’S BARE CHEST ANALYSING RHYTHM DO NOT TOUCH VICTIM SHOCK INDICATED • Stand clear • Deliver shock SHOCK DELIVERED FOLLOW AED INSTRUCTIONS NO SHOCK ADVISED FOLLOW AED INSTRUCTIONS IF VICTIM STARTS TO BREATHE NORMALLY PLACE IN RECOVERY POSITION CPR IN CHILDREN • Adult CPR techniques can be used on children • Compressions 1/3 of the depth of the chest ANY QUESTIONS?