Functional zones in the spinal cord
VM zone
T1 - L2 - preganglionic sympathetic neurons
below L2 - preganglionic parasympathetic neurons
I dorsal root |
tr. sp-sp
.■-■■I;-;:;-;:;-;:;-.
ncl apicalis subst gel Rolandi
ncl proprius
ncl thoracicus		■
ncl intermed-med |		
ncl intermedio-lat		
ncll motorii		
tr.
ventral root |
Brainstem
Mesencephalon Pons
Medulla oblongata
nuclei of CN III -XII connection to the cerebellum large reticular formation
IX NO X 'XI 'MX NO IMA 'MA 'IA NO
A 'Al NO III NO
joedse |BjjueA
IV. ventricle
Dorsal aspect
roof of the IV. ventricle: velum medullare sup. fastigium
velum medullare inf. = tela choroidea ventriculi IV.
(ependyma + pia mater + vessels)
CN IV
Dorsal aspect
Structure of the brainstem
Pons
Functional zones of the brainstem
Afferents from
Sulcus limitans
(from branchial arches)
Gray matter of the brainstem
nuclei of dorsal columns nuclei of cranial nerves nuclei of RF nuclei connected to the
cerebellum
motor nuclei of the
brainstem
White matter of the brainstem
ascending tracts
descending tracts from the cortex and brainstem
Sensory /JWotor
SM CN III, IV, VI, XII BM CN V, VII, IX, X, XI
Ncl. ambiguus
VM CN III, VII, IX, X VS CN VII, IX, X
Ncl. solitarius + gustatorius
SS CN V
S CN VII, IX, X, VIII
Medulla oblongata
Caudal section
Rostral section
Caudal section
ncl + f gracilis
ion
ncl+tr sol
ncl o (p) CN X ncl o CN XII IP
pi n
ncll vest
FLM tr. te-sp |
LM
tr. bulb-cer tr. olivo-cer
CN XII
Pons Varoli
Caudal section
Rostral section
Caudal section
ncl o (p) CN VII ncl o CN VI
FLD FLM
tr. te-sp
tr. ru-sp
ncll. vestib.
ncl+tr solit. gust.
ncl+tr sp CN V
tr. sp-ce ant
Corp. trapezoid.
ncll pontis
tr. co-sp
ncl o CN VII
CN VII
CN VI
Rostral section
FLD
FLM tr. te-sp tr. ru-sp
ncl+tr m CN V 1			
1	ncl o CN V		■
	8	ncl s p CN V	
CN V
tr. co-sp
Caudal section
Rostral section
Caudal section
CN IV
ncl m CN V
ncl o CN IV
FLD
tr. te-sp 0 tr. ru-sp
ncl interped.
ncl coll inf
Rostral section
Aq. cerebri
FLD
ncl o CN
ncl o (p) CN
tr. te-sp tr. ru-sp
CN III
Reticular formation	
between aferent and motor systems spinal cord - diencephalon	
	Nuclei of RF
	ffMJM     median, single {■fj^l (raPhe system)
H	In^^l     medial, paired
	I^^H lateral
Function
Patterned cranial nerve activities Pattern generation Posture, locomotion Salivary secretion, lacrimation Bladder control Respiratory rythm
Vital centers (circulation, respiration) Conveys somatic and visceral information to the cerebellum
Arousal ( Ascending reticular activating system) Sleeping and waking, attention and mood, sensory modulation, blood pressure control