Syllabus of „Prevetive Medicine“ for General Medicine students

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Course objectives:

At the end of course, student will understand the relationship between human and environment, its
physical, chemical, biological and psychosocial factors and their interactions. Student will be
able to understand the role of adaptation and its active support for the positive development and
promotion of both individual and public health;
Student will be able to make deduction about possibilities for preventive provisions in the field
of clean and safe environmental, occupational and home surrounding, the quality of air, water,
food. Student will be able to understand and explain the different types of prevention, their tasks
and aims and methods of realization.;
The student will be able to interpret the positive and negative influences of lifestyle factors on
human/public health, including the autoagressive behaviors (nutrition, physical activity, psychical
overload and stress, smoking, abuse of alcohol and illegal drugs);
Based on acquired knowledge, the student will be able to make deductions about the importance of
environment and lifestyle in the health protection and promotion, and about the primary prevention
priorities;
Student will be able to work with obtained informations and make decisions about concreete
preventable posibilities for some more important non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular,
oncological, metabolical, immunite, respiratory.


Syllabus in English:

MAN AND ENVIRONMENT: Physical, biological, chemical and social factors in macro- and
microenvironment. Their interactions. Ways of adaptation and compensation for keeping the
homeostasis. "health" and "disease", their determinants.
PREVENTION: primary and secundary prevention, tasks and aims. The most important world and Czech
primery prevention programmes. NOISE: sources, impact on health, possibilities for control.
LIGHT AND ILLUMINATION: physiologiy of seeing, optimal working conditions. The physiologic sense of
colours.
RADIATION: different types, their sources and impact on human health. Possibilities of control.
COMPLEX OF MICROCLIMATE: external and internal conditions. Ways of termotegulation. Work places wit
extreme microclimate, rules for drinking schedule. Long-term and short-term thermal load.
BIOLOGICAL RHYTMS: circadian and other types, their influence on the performances. Shift work as a
risk for health. Active and passive rest. Hygiene of sleeping.
AIR AND HEALTH: the most common contaminants of ambient air, their sources and human exposure.
Smog. Health consequences of the exposure to poluted air.
BASIC TOXICOLOGY: ways of exposure, intake, uptake; metabolism of xenobiotics, genetic polymorphism
in the microsomal enzymes; excretion. Health insure caused by chemical exposure, carcinogenesis.
Similarities and differences between children and adults in toxicology.
HOUSING AND HEALTH: the most common risk factors at homes, health consequences of exposure
(housing-related diseases, sick building syndrome, multiple chemical sensitivity). Ventilation,
types and sense.
WATER AND HEALTH: the hygienic limits for drinking water, indicators of sewage contaminants. Trace
elements in drinking water. Diseases related to water polution. The principles for safety source of
water.
NUTRITION AND HEALTH: diseases related to malnutrition and food contaminants. The role of nutrition
in health promotion. Dietary quidelines. The ways for measurement of nutritional habits.
WASTE AND HEALTH: the types of waste products, their sources. Hygienic rules for safe destruction
of waste products.
NATURAL AND MAN-MADE CHEMICALS IN ENVIRONMENT: their types, point and areal sources. Enviroment in
the Czech Republic. Principles of the monitoring of environmental polutants. "Natural pesticides".
SMOKING AND HEALTH: Smoking as the most important single preventable risk factor of premature
morbidity and mortality. Dependence on smoking as a psychiatric disease. Involuntary smoking and
health consequences of exposure.
WORKING AND HEALTH: risk occupational factors and related diseases. The rules for safety of
occupational environment and health protection of workers.
STRESS AND HEALTH: physiologic response on stress situations. Stress- related diseases. Rules for
the prevention of stress.
NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES: epidemiology, ethiology, prevention; Cardiovascular diseases, Cancer,
Respiratory diseases, Allergy, Diabetes mellitus, Osteoporosis.