Stapylococci
Coagulase positive Coagulase negative
S. aureus S. epidermidis
S. intermedius S. hominis
S. schlieferi S. haemolyticus etc.
S. sciuri
S. aureus staphylococci coag. negative
Microscopy: G+cocci in clumps Microscopy: G+cocci in clumps

Cultivation: blood agar with haemolysis        Cultivation: blood agar without haemolysis
  10% NaCl 10% NaCl

Morphology: yellow pigment Morphology: white pigment

Factors of virulence: Factors of virulence:
bounded coagulase (clumping factor) slimy - biofilm
free coagulase catalase
catalase, hyaluronidase
toxins – enterotoxins
haemolysins, TSST 1, exfoliatins
e00184 040624_staphcells

S. aureus Staphylococci coag. Negative
Pathogenicity: Pathogencity: oportunne pathogens
Skin diseases (absces, furuncle aj.)                     often in: drug users, immunocompromised
patients
wound infections, bone infections, sepsis patients with medical devices
 enterotoxicosis, toxic shock syndrom endocarditis, sepsis, bloodstream catheter infections
exfoliative dermatitis
Therapy: common used ATB Therapy: common used ATB
oxacillin, cefalotin, septrin, erytromycin, (ampicillin) oxacillin, cefalotin, septrin,
erytromycin, (ampicillin)
– often resistant -
vancomycin, rifampicin, teicoplanin are used

MRSA (methicilin resistant)
vancomycin, teicoplanin, rifampicin, linezolid
VRSA (vancomycin resistant) - linezolid
Diagnostic: Diagnostic:
Microscopy: G+cocci in clumps Microscopy: G+cocci in clumps
Cultivation: blood agar with haemolysis Cultivation: blood agar without haemolysis
       10% NaCl, yellow pigment       10% NaCl, white pigment
Biochemistry: catalase + Biochemistry: catalase +
Enzyme detection: rapid latex test (glass) Enzyme detection: latex test (on glass)
Bounded coagulase (clumping factor)+ free coagulase (clumping factor)-

    positive          negative

Free coagulase + (test tube) free coagulase – negative
Less often used

Hyaluronidase positive Hyaluronidase negative
Streptococcus equi
 In case of insurance biochemistry: Staphytest Staphytest

More tests in NRL for staphylococci (Prague): Special methods:
fagotypisation, DNAse detection detection of a biofilm
PCR, toxin detection




Other catalase positive cocci
Micrococcus
Kocuria, Kytococcus etc. Part of the normal skin flora, oportunne patogens able to cause
sepsis/endocarditis in immunocompromised patients.
Textové pole: +
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Novinový papír