}
}Satis est, ut tria verba Latine vel plane Graece dicas coram plebe, et eximius es medicus.
}

}2nd DECLENSION
}(O-STEMS)


}1) Nouns of Latin origin:
}masculines: nervus, i, m.
}neuters: septum, i, n.
}
}
}2) Nouns of Greek origin:
}masculines: nephros, i, m.
}neuters: colon, i, n.
}

}
}nervus, ī., m.
}(cancer, crī, m.; puer, erī, m.)
}
}
}
}        sg.        pl.
}1. nerv-us 1. nerv-ī
}2. nerv-ī 2. nerv-ōrum
}4. nerv-um 4. nerv-ōs
}6. nerv-ō 6. nerv-īs
}
}
}EXCEPTIONS: atomus (f.), methodus (f.), periodus (f.),
}         diameter (f.), alvus (f.), sambucus (f.), virus (n.)
}
}
}!!! musculus (m.) longus X periodus (f.) longa X virus (n.)
}validum
}
}
}
}
1)

}
}


}
}septum, ī., n.
}    sg.         pl.
}1. sept-um 1. sept-a
}2. sept-ī 2. sept-ōrum
}4. sept-um 4. sept-a
}6. sept-ō 6. sept-īs
}
}
}cōlon, ī, n.
}     sg.       pl.
}1. cōl-on 1. cōl-a
}2. cōl-ī 2. cōl-ōrum
}4. cōl-on 4. cōl-a
}6. cōl-ō 6. cōl-īs
}
}A basic rule for neuters of all declensions:
}Nom. and akuz. of sg. and pl. have the same form!

}    sg.     pl.
}1. vīrus 1. vīra
}2. vīrī 2. vīrōrum
}4. vīrus 4. vīra
}6. vīrō 6. vīrīs
}
}!!! virus validum !!!
}
}
}
}

}Excercise: What is the declension and example
}    of the following nouns? Decline them  in both sg. and pl.:
}neonatus
}diastole
}opthalmos
}venenum
}diameter
}ascites
}palpebra
}olecranon
}
}
}
}

}
}palata
}angulis
}oculos
}ovariorum
}nephron
}alvo
}icterum
}olecranon
}atomi
}signo
}
}

}Feminine form of adjectives: –a > VENA
}Masculine form of adjectives: –us/-er > NERVUS
}Neutral forms of adjectives: -um > SEPTUM
}
}E.g. costa vera X nervus externus X palatum
}durum
}
}Mind the exceptions: dentista, antagonista;
}atomus, periodus, diameter, methodus; virus…
}E.g. dentista (m.) bonus;  periodus (f.) longa; virus (n.)
}validum
}

}1) –E- is kept only in the masculine form of nom. sg.:
1)
}    dexter, dextra, dextrum
}    sinister, sinistra, sinistrum
}    ruber, rubra, rubrum
}
}2) -E- is kept in all cases:
}
}    liber, libera, liberum
}
}

}contagious disease
}right eye
}new method
}left kidney
}wide ligament
}long period
}good dentist
}vagus nerve
}transversal fissure
}
}
}
}
}

}1) One-word terms:
}diphteria, icterus, arteria, humerus
}
}2) Two-word terms:
}a) Noun + close attribute:
}vesica urinaria, musculus adductor
}b) Noun + loose attribute:
}fractura ulnae, haemorrhagia post operationem
}
}3) Multi-word terms:
}haemorrhagia posttraumatica in cerebrum propter
}rupturam venae
}
}
}
}