GIT I
oral cavity
Oral cavity
Slides:
1. Labium oris
2. Apex linguae
3. Papilla circumvallata
5. Palatum molle
8. Glandula parotis
9. Glandula submandibularis
10. Glandula sublingualis
Oral mucosa
Lamina epithelialis mucosae (LAM)
stratified squamous epithelium
Lamina propria mucosae (LPM)
loose collagen connective tissue
3 functional types oforal mucosa:
• lining mucosa – submucosa, lips, oral cavity, pallatum
• masticatory – submucosa absent, mucosa directly attahed to periost, (gingiva, pallatum durum)
• specialised – papillae (dorsum linguae)
Lip - labium oris
Ventral (SKIN,
external)
Dorsal
(ORAL, mucous)
m. orbicularis oris
Thin skin
– epidermis (keratinized SSE)
– dermis (hair follicles, sebaceous
and sweat glands)
tunica mucosa
LAM – SSE
LPM – loose c.t.
tela submucosa – loose
connective tissue + gll. labiales
(mixed seromucinous salivary
glands).
Transition zone (vermillion border)
LEM SSE – eleidin
LPM loose c.t. - papillae
Labium oris
Ventral
Dorsal
Vermillion
gll.labiales
Labium oris – vermillion border
Radix
Corpus
Apex
Tongue – lingua
- dorsum linguae
- facies inferior (mylohyoidea)
Papillae foliatae
Papillae filliformes
Papillae fungiformes
Papillae vallatae
• Dorsum linguae:
– tunica mucosa – papillae filiformes, fungiformes, vallatae, foliatae
• lamina epithelialis – SSE
• lamina propria – loose connective tissue (papillae) + capilaries
– aponeurosis linguae; (tela submucosa absent)
– skeletal muscle, collagen c.t., small salivary glands
• Facies ventralis, inferior (mylohyoidea):
– tunica mucosa – smooth (papillae absent)
• lamina epithelialis – SSE
• lamina propria – loose connective tissue
– tela submucosa – loose connective tissue
Tongue – lingua
apex linguae dorsum linguae - papillae
facies mylohyoidea
Skeletal muscle
Gl. lingualis anterior
Apex linguae
gl. apicis linguae - Blandini
facies
mylohyoidea
Facies mylohyoidea
Papillae
Papillae filiformes
Papillae fungiformes
Papillae vallatae
Papillae foliatae
Papilla – outgrowth of mucosal connective tissue covered by epithelium
Primary and secondary papillae
Apex linguae
papillae filiformes
 most abundant
 keratinized epithelium
 mechanosensitive, rich innervations
pp. fungiformes
 apex et dorsum lingue
 keratinized epithelium
 taste buds
 mechano- and termoreceptors in c.t. stroma
pp. foliatae
 taste buds
 distal-lateral parts of tongue
Papillae vallatae
 cca 2mm
 sulcus terminalis
 10-12
 Lamina epithelialis mucosae
– SSE, taste buds
 Lamina propria mucosae
– loose c.t., serous tubular Ebner’s glands, opens
to a cleft surrounding papilla vallata
Ebner’s glands
(gll. gustatoriae)
Weber’s glands
(gll. linguales
posteriores
Sulcus
terminalisPapilla vallata
gll. gustatoriae (Ebner)
Papilla vallata (HE)
Taste buds
- Intraepithelial structure in surface
epithelium laterally in papillae
- ca 50 cells
- stem and supportive cells
- secondary sensory epithelium
- sensory cells – microvilli into
porus gustatorius – receptors –
depolarisation of membrane
- nerve fibers – synapses to
sensory cells
Supporting cells
Nerve fibers
Surface epithelium
Sensory cells
Porus gustatorius
Taste bud
radix linguae – tonsilla lingualis
• Lymphatic tissue (folicles), crypts
• SSE
• Mucinous salivary glands of Weber (gl.
linguales post.)
• Similar to pallate tonsil
Tonsilla lingualis
folicles
Hard and soft pallate (palatum – durum et molle)
Hard pallate – palatum durum
 Skeletal basis
 Mucosa attached directly to periost, submucosa
absent
 Raphe palati
 Adipose tissue + plicae palatinae transversae
glandular tissue – gll. palatinae
Soft pallate – palatum molle
aponeurosis palatina + skeletal muscles of
pallatum
uvula
Palatum molle (velum palatinum)
Oral side – tunica mucosa:
Lamina epithelialis mucosae – SSE
Lamina propria mucsae – loose c.t.
Tela submucosa – loose c.t. + gll. palatinae (mucinous)
Nasal side – tunica mucosa:
Lamina epithelialis mucosae – pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Lamina propria mucosae – loose c.t. + gll. nasales (mixed)
Axis of soft pallate – aponeurosis palatina
(dense collagen c.t. + skeletal muscle m. tensor veli palatini)
ORAL soft pallate NASAL
- SSE
- ruffled lamina basalis
- gll. palatinae
MUCINOUS
-*pseudstratified columnar
epithelium
- straight lamina basalis
- gll. nasales MIXED
*METAPLASIA
Palatum molle
nasal side
oral side
Salivary glands
Small
gll. labiales – mixed
gll. buccales – mixed
gll. palatinae – mucinous
tongue:
gl. lingualis anterior – mixed
gll. gustatoriae (Ebneri) – serous
gll. linguales posteriores (Weberi) – mucinous
Large – pair, compound, branched
gl. parotis – serous (serous acini only)
gl. submandibularis – mixed (serous acini > mucinous tubules)
gl. sublingualis – mixed (mucinous tubules > serous acini)
parotid gland
submandibular gl.
sublingual gl.
General architecture of large salivary glands
• Connective tissue
– capsula fibrosa
– septa
• Parenchyma - lobules
– Glandular parts
(serous acini, mucinous tubules, demilune)
– Ducts
(intercalated ducts, striated, interlobular, main)
Secretory parts of salivary glands
• serous acinus
• mucinous tubulus
• demilune (Gianuzzi)
Ducts
– intercalated (simple squamous epithelium, only serous and mixed glands)
– striated (simple cubic epithelium; basal labyrinth-striation)
– interlobular (simple – stratified columnar epithelium, septa)
– main (SSE)
Striated duct
Intercalated duct
Striated duct – basal labyrinth
Basis of epithelial cell
Invaginations, mitochondria
Epithelial cell
Glandula parotis
compound, branched, purely serous
• Connective tissue:
– capsula fibrosa + septa (vessels, nerves, interlobular ducts)
– Loose c.t. in lobules
• Parenchyma:
– Serous acini
– ducts – intercalated, striated, interlobular, main
– adipocytes
Glandula parotis
Gl. parotis /AZAN/
Gl. parotis /HE/
Glandula submandibularis
compound, branched, mixed gland with dominant serous part
• Connective tissue:
– capsula fibrosa + septa (vessels, nerves, interlobular ducts)
– Loose c.t. in lobules
• Parenchyma:
– Serous acini + mucinous tubules
– ducts – intercalated, (striated), interlobular, main
– adipocytes
Glandula submandibularis
Glandula submandibularis
Gl. submandibularis /AZAN/
Gl. submandibularis /HES/
Gl. submandibularis /HE/ - Serous demillunes
Glandula sublingualis
compound, branched, mixed gland with dominant mucinous
part
Connective tissue:
− capsula fibrosa + septa (vessels, nerves, interlobular ducts)
− loose c.t. in lobules
− Parenchyma:
− mucinous ducts (serous acini)
− ducts – intercalated, interlobular, main
− adipocytes
Glandula sublingualis
Gl. sublingualis /HE/
Gl. sublingualis /AZAN/
GIT- I
Slides:
1. Labium oris (HE)
2. Apex linguae (HE)
3. Papilla circumvallata(HE)
5. Palatum molle(HE)
8. Glandula parotis (HE)
9. Glandula submandibularis(HE)
10. Glandula sublingualis