GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT – GIT
(APPARATUS DIGESTORIUS)
Oral cavity (Cavitas oralis)
Pharynx
Oesophagus
Stomach (Gaster)
Small intestine (Intestinum tenue)
Large intestine (Intestinum crassum)
Salivary glands (Glandulae salivariae)
Liver (Hepar)
Pancreas

TUNICA MUCOSA
TUNICA SUBMUCOSA
TUNICA MUSCULARIS
TUNICA ADVENTITIA
(TUNICA SEROSA=visceral peritoneum)

VILLI INTESTINALES
PLICAE
PAPILLAE

FOLLICULI
LYMPHATICI SOLITARII
FOLLICULI LYMPH. AGGREGATI
 – PEYER’S PATCHES

PLEXUS SUBMUCOSUS MEISSNERI
PLEXUS MYENTERICUS AUERBACHI


Peritoneum viscerale
Mesenterium
Peritoneum parietale

Intramural – goblet cells
                  -  small salivary glands
                  -  glandulae duodenales
Extramural – great salivary glands
                    -  liver
                    -  pancreas

Rima oris
Isthmus faucium


CAVITAS ORIS:
- vestibulum oris
- cavitas oris propria

Labium superius:
- sulcus nasolabialis
- pars intermedia
- philtrum
- tuberculum labii sup.
Labium inferius:
- sulcus mentolabialis
Anguli oris

Papilla parotidea
VESTIBULUM ORIS
Fornix vestibuli sup.
 - frenulum labii superioris
Fornix vestibuli inf.
 - frenulum labii inferioris

Glandulae labiales, buccales, molares
M. orbicularis oris
M. buccinator

RAPHE PTERYGOMANDIBULARIS



CAVITAS ORIS PROPRIA



DIAPHRAGMA ORIS
- m. mylohyoideus
 (raphe mylohyoidea)
- m. geniohyoideus
- m. digastricus

GLANDULAE SALIVARIAE MINORES
 - labiales, buccales, molares, palatinae, linguales
GLANDULAE SALIVARIAE MAJORES
- submandibularis
- sublingualis
- parotis

TRIGONUM SUBMANDIBULARE
- glandula submandibularis
- nodi lymph. submandibulares

GLANDULA SUBLINGUALIS
Caruncula sublingualis:
 - ductus submandibularis
 - ductus sublingualis major
Ductus sublinguales minores




Caruncula
sublingualis


GLANDULA PAROTIS
Fascia parotideomasseterica
Tractus angularis
Ductus parotideus
Glandula parotis
accessoria

PAPILLA PAROTIDEA



N. facialis (CN VII)

- plexus parotideus
V. retromandibularis
A.carotis ext.
N. auriculotemporalis

PALATUM
Glandulae palatinae
Vasa palatina majora
et minora
Nn. palatini minores
et majores

PALATUM DURUM



Raphe palati
Plicae palatinae transversae


PALATUM MOLLE
(VELUM PALATINUM)
Uvula
Arcus palatoglossus
Arcus palatopharyngeus
Isthmus faucium

TONSILLA PALATINA
Sinus tonsillaris
Capsula tonsillaris
Fossulae tonsillares
Tonsillar pegs

M. levator veli palatini
M. tensor veli palatini
M. uvulae
M. palatopharyngeus
M. palatoglossus
Aponeurosis palatina
Plexus pharyngeus
– CN IX, X
Tensor – CN V




LINGUA – APEX, CORPUS, RADIX



DORSUM LINGUAE
Sulcus terminalis
Sulcus medianus
Foramen caecum
Margines linguae
Papillae filiformes
Papillae fungiformes
Papillae foliatae
Papillae vallatae
Caliculi gustatorii
Tonsilla lingualis

Facies inferior linguae
Frenulum linguae
Plica sublingualis

M. genioglossus
Aponeurosis linguae


M. hyoglossus
M. styloglossus
M. palatoglossus

Canalis paralingualis – a. et v. lingualis



Septum linguae
M. longitudinalis sup.
M. longitudinalis inf.
M. transversus linguae
M. verticalis linguae
CN XII

Fornix pharyngis
Cavitas pharyngis
http://www.drugs.com/health-guide/images/205299.jpg

CHOANAE
ISTHMUS FAUCIUM
 ADITUS LARYNGIS

RECESSUS
PHARYNGEUS


TONSILLA
PHARYNGEA
OSTIUM PHARYNGEUM TUBAE AUDITIVAE:
    TORUS TUBARIUS
    TORUS LEVATORIUS


TONSILLA TUBARIA
NASOPHARYNX:

Waldeyer lymphoepithelial ring           Adenoid facies



OROPHARYNX:
-Plica glossoepiglottica mediana et lateralis
-Valleculae epiglotticae

LARYNGOPHARYNX:
-RECESSUS PIRIFORMIS
-PLICA N. LARYNGEI SUP.

M. CONSTRICTOR
PHARYNGIS SUP.
M. CONSTRICTOR
PHARYNGIS MEDIUS
M. CONSTRICTOR
PHARYNGIS INF.
- RAPHE PHARYNGIS

FASCIA
PHARYNGOBASILARIS


LEVATORS: M. PALATOPHARYNGEUS
                      M. SALPINGOPHARYNGEUS
                      M. STYLOPHARYNGEUS

LIG. RETROPHARYNGEUM MEDIANUM



http://d3j7fudf8o8iuo.cloudfront.net/var/ezwebin_site/storage/images/media/images/e-anatomy/mediast
inum-anatomy-illustrations/oesophagus-cardia-anatomy-diagram-imaios/5904334-1-eng-GB/oesophagus-car
dia-anatomy-diagram-imaios_medical512.jpg

PARS CERVICALIS
PARS THORACICA
 - PARS RETROTRACHEALIS
 - PARS RETROPERICARDIACA

PARS ABDOMINALIS



GASTROOESOPHAGEAL
JUNCTION
http://www.anatomy.tv/StudyGuides/Images/oesophagus.jpg
Musculature – striated, smooth

OESOPHAGOGRAPHY



Chymus






Cardia (Ostium cardiacum)
Fornix (fundus) gastricus
Incisura cardialis
Corpus gastricum
Pars pylorica
Pylorus (Ostium pyloricum)
Paries anterior
Paries posterior
Curvatura major
Curvatura minor
Incisura angularis

Plicae gastricae
Sulcus salivarius


Glandulae gastricae - mucus
                                   - succus gastricus


Fibrae obliquae
Stratum circulare – m. sphincter pylori


Stratum longitudinale



Incisura angularis



ÒINTESTINUM TENUE
ÒINTESTINUM CRASSUM


INTESTINUM TENUE
 - duodenum
 - jejunum
 - ileum
Ansae intestinales
Mesenterium

DUODENUM (duodecim l.)
  - pars superior (bulbus duodeni)
-pars descendens
-pars horizontalis
-pars ascendens
Flexura
duodenojejunalis

Glandulae duodenales Brunneri



Plica longitudinalis duodeni
Papilla duodeni major Vateri - ductus choledochus
                                                 - ductus pancreaticus
Papilla duodeni
minor-
ductus
pancreaticus
accessorius

Enteroclysis






Jejunoileum



http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-PrLiw-GQSJ8/TXE4keQhsfI/AAAAAAAADG4/rbEFccwkWEw/s1600/Jejunum%2Band%2Bile
um.png
Jejunum
Ileum

Ostium ileale
Papilla ilealis
-labrum superius
-labrum inferius

INTESTINUM CRASSUM
-caecum
-appendix vermiformis
-colon ascendens
-flexura coli dextra (hepatica)
-colon transversum
-flexura coli sinistra (lienalis)
-colon descendens
-colon sigmoideum
-rectum

Plicae semilunares
Haustra coli
Taenia mesocolica
Taenia omentalis
Taenia libera
Appendices omentales/epiploicae

CAECUM
Recessus retrocaecalis
Caecum liberum –
                 mesocaecum

APPENDIX VERMIFORMIS
Ostium appendicis vermiformis
Positio pelvina
Positio retrocaecalis
Positio ileocaecalis
Positio retroilealis

COLON ASCENDENS
Flexura coli dextra
(hepatica)

COLON TRANSVERSUM
Mesocolon transversum
Omentum majus
Lig. gastrocolicum

Flexura coli sinistra
(lienalis)
COLON DESCENDENS
COLON SIGMOIDEUM
Mesosigmoideum

Irigography



RECTUM
Crena ani – anus
Ampulla recti
 - flexura sacralis
 - plicae transversae recti
 - plica t.r. media (Kohlrausch)
Canalis analis
 - flexura perinealis
 - columnae anales
 - sinus anales
 - valvulae anales
 - pecten analis
 - linea anocutanea
 - zona haemorrhoidalis

anatomy_rectum



Illustrations, photographs, and radiographs were copied from:
Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen/Sobotta.
Putz,R., und Pabst,R. 20. Auflage. München:
Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1993)
Netter: Interactive Atlas of Human Anatomy.
Windows Version 2.0
EAT RIGHT