NASUS EXTERNUS
Radix nasi
Dorsum nasi
Apex nasi
Nares
Alae nasi

Cartilago nasi lateralis
Cartilago alaris major
   - crus laterale
   - crus mediale
Cartilagines alares minores
Cartilagines nasales accessoriae

SEPTUM NASI
Cartilago alaris major – crus mediale
Cartilago septi nasi
Lamina perpendicularis ossis ethmoidalis
Vomer

CAVITAS NASI
 - vestibulum – limen, vibrisae
 - cavitas nasi propria – meatus nasi sup., medius, inf.
    meatus nasi communis, meatus nasopharyngeus, choanae

Septum nasi
 - pars membranacea
 - pars cartilaginea
 - pars ossea

Superior wall: cartilago nasi lateralis, os nasale,
     pars nasalis ossis frontalis, lamina cribrosa
                         ossis ethmoidalis, corpus ossis sphenoidalis
Inferior wall:
processus palatinus
maxillae, lamina
horizontalis ossis
palatini
canalis incisivus

NASAL MUCOSA
Regio respiratoria
    plexus cavernosi - epistaxis
Regio olfactoria

SINUS PARANASALES
Sinus maxillaris
Sinus frontalis
Sinus ethmoidales
Sinus sphenoidalis

Meatus nasi inf. – ductus nasolacrimalis
Meatus nasi medius – sinus maxillaris, frontalis, cellulae
ethmoidales anteriores
Meatus nasi sup. – cellulae ethmoidales posteriores, sinus
    sphenoidalis




PHARYNX
Aditus laryngis


LARYNX
Prominentia laryngis


CARTILAGINES LARYNGIS:
Cartilago thyroidea
Cartilago cricoidea
Cartilago arytenoidea
Cartilago epiglotica
Cartilago corniculata
Cartilago cuneiformis

LARYNX
Membrana thyrohyoidea
Cartilago thyroidea
-lamina dextra
-lamina sinistra
-cornua superiora
-cornua inferiora
-facies art. cricoidea
-

CARTILAGO CRICOIDEA
            -arcus
            -lamina
            -facies articularis
              arytenoidea
            -facies articularis
              thyroidea

CARTILAGO ARYTENOIDEA
                                - apex
                                - basis
                                   - facies art. cricoidea
                                 - processus vocalis
                                 - processus
                                     muscularis

CARTILAGO EPIGLOTTICA
-petiolus epiglottidis
-lamina
-
CARTILAGO CORNICULATA
CARTILAGO CUNEIFORMIS




ARTICULATIO CRICOARYTENOIDEA
ARTICULATIO CRICOTHYROIDEA


CONUS ELASTICUS
-lig. cricothyroideum- coniotomy
-lig. vocale – plica vocalis
Lig. cricotracheale

Lig thyroepiglotticum
Lig. hyoepiglotticum
Spatium preepiglotticum
MEMBRANA QUADRANGULARIS
-lig. vestibulare – plica vestibularis
-
MEMBRANA FIBROELASTICA
LARYNGIS

MUSCULI LARYNGIS
M. thyroarytenoideus
(thyroepiglotticus)
M. vocalis
Rima glottidis – pars intermembranacea
                         – pars intercartilaginea




M. cricoarytenoideus post.
     - respiration


M. cricoarytenoideus lateralis
M. arytenoideus transversus
M. arytenoideus obliquus (aryepiglotticus)

M. cricothyroideus



M. cricothyroideus
M. cricoarytenoideus
 post.
M. cricoarytenoideus
lateralis
M. arytenoideus trans. et obliq.
M. thyroarytenoideus

CAVITAS LARYNGIS
-vestibulum laryngis
-plicae vestibulares
-rima vestibuli
-plicae vocales
-rima glottidis
-glottis
-ventriculus laryngis
-cavitas infraglottica

ADITUS LARYNGIS
-epiglottis, plicae aryepiglotticae (tuberculum cuneiforme
 et corniculatum), plica interarytenoidea,incisura inter-
                                                                                     arytenoidea
-
plicae vestibulares
plicae vocales

LARYNGOSCOPY
indirect
direct

RESPIRATION
PHONATION





TRACHEA
-pars cervicalis
-pars thoracica
-bifurcatio tracheae
- carina tracheae
-15-20 cartilagines tracheales
-ligg. anularia
-paries membranaceus
 (m. trachealis)

CONIOTOMIA (CRICOTHYROTOMIA)
TRACHEOTOMIA SUPERIOR
TRACHEOTOMIA INFERIOR

BRONCHI
- principales
- lobares
- segmentales
-
BRONCHIOLI
ALVEOLI
Arbor bronchialis

PULMO DEXTER
Lobus superior,
medius et inferior
Fissura obliqua
et horizontalis
    PULMO SINISTER
     Lobus superior et
      inferior
      Fissura obliqua
      Incisura cardiaca
      Lingula
Apex pulmonis
Basis pulmonis
(facies diaphragmatica)
Facies costalis
Facies mediastinalis
Margo anterior
            inferior
            posterior

FACIES MEDIASTINALIS
    hillum pulmonis
    radix pulmonis
    lig. pulmonale
    impressio cardiaca

SEGMENTA BRONCHOPULMONALIA DEXTRA
1.s. apicale          4. s. laterale        6. s. apicale
2.s. posterius      5. s. mediale       7. s. basale mediale
3.s. anterius                                     8. s. basale anterius
                                                           9. s. basale laterale
                                                          10. s. basale posterius

SEGMENTA BRONCHOPULMONALIA SINISTRA
1+2. s. apicoposterius                     6. s. apicale
3. s. anterius                                     (7. s. basale mediale)
4. s. lingulare superius                    8. s. basale anterius
5. s. lingulare inferius                      9. s. basale laterale
                                                          10. s. basale posterius

PLEURA - visceralis
                - parietalis - costalis
                                   - diaphragmatica
                                   - mediastinalis
   Cavitas pleuralis
   Cupula pleurae
Recessus pleurae:
r. costodiaphragmaticus
r. costomediastinalis
r. phrenicomediastinalis
Pneumothorax

Area interpleuralis sup. (thymica)
Area interpleuralis inf. (pericardiaca)


EXPIRATION
INSPIRATION





Illustrations and photographs were copied from:
Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen/Sobotta.
Putz,R., und Pabst,R. 20. Auflage. München:
Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1993
Netter: Interactive Atlas of Human Anatomy.
Windows Version 2.0