Skull - neurocranium LECTURE 4 DENTISTRY, AUTUMN 2015 RNDr. Michaela Račanská, Ph.D. Neurocranium et splanchnocranium Frontal view Lateral view Skull (22) neurocranium x splanchnocranium Desmocranium (intramembranous formation) 8 protective case around the brain and the sense organ Chondrocranium (endochondral osification) 14 Contains the initial portions of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, facial skeleton Neurocranium (calvarium et basis cranii) os frontale (frontal bone) ossa parietalia (parietal bone) os occipitale (occipital bone) os sphenoidale (sphenoid) ossa temporalia (temporal bone) Os ethmoidale (ethmoid) 8 corpus ossis sphenoidalis alae minores alae majores processus pterygoidei Os sphenoidale (sphenoid) Ventral wall: sinus sphenoidalis septum sinuum sphenoidalium apertura sinus sphenoidalis conchae sphenoidales crista sphenoidalis rostrum sphenoidale Corpus ossis sphenoidalis (body) Corpus ossis sphenoidalis sella turcica fossa hypophysialis dorsum sellae (processus clinoidei posteriores) sulcus caroticus lingula sphenoidalis Corpus ossis sphenoidalis synostosis sphenooccipitalis - clivus (synchondrosis sphenooccipitalis) rostrum sphenoidale Alae minores ossis sphenoidalis processus clinoidei anteriores (fissura orbitalis superior) canalis opticus sulcus praechiasmaticus Alae majores ossis sphenoidalis Facies cerebralis Facies orbitalis Facies temporalis (crista infratemporalis) Facies infratemporalis Facies maxillaris Facies cerebralis alae majoris Foramen rotundum Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Fissura orbitalis superior Fissura sphenopetrosa Foramen lacerum (fibrocartilago basilaris) Facies temporalis at infratemporalis alae majoris Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Spina ossis sphenoidalis crista infratemporalis Facies orbitalis alae majoris fissura orbitalis superior et inferior Facies maxillaris alae majoris foramen rotundum fossa pterygopalatina Processus pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis lamina medialis processus pterygoidei (hamulus pterygoideus) lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei fossa pterygoidea fossa scaphoidea incisura pterygoidea canalis pterygoideus os occipitale_NEW Os occipitale Partes laterales ossis occipitalis Pars basilaris Squama occipitalis Foramen magnum Pars basilaris ossis occipitalis synostosis (synchondrosis) sphenooccipitalis clivus tuberculum pharyngeum fissura petrooccipitalis Partes laterales ossis occipitalis condyli occipitales canalis hypoglossalis fossa condylaris canalis condylaris processus jugularis incisura jugularis protuberantia occipitalis externa crista occipitalis externa linea nuchae suprema linea nuchae superior linea nuchae inferior Squama ossis occipitalis (exocranial surface) protuberantia occipitalis interna eminentia cruciformis sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris sulcus sinus transversi sulcus sinus sigmoidei crista occipitalis interna fossae cerebrales fossae cerebellares Squama ossis occipitalis (intracranial surface) sutura coronalis sutura sagittalis sutura lambdoidea suturae squamosae Ossa parietalia ossa parietalia_NEW Ossa parietalia tuber parietale linea temporalis superior linea temporalis inferior foramina parietalia angulus frontalis angulus sphenoidalis angulus occipitalis angulus mastoideus sulci arteriae meningeae mediae sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris foveolae granulares sulcus sinus sigmoidei Pars squamosa Pars petrosa (pyramis) Pars mastoidea Pars tympanica Processus styloideus (pars hyoidea) Scan0100 Scan0101 Os temporale processus zygomaticus linea temporalis inferior crista supramastoidea spina suprameatum fossa mandibularis tuberculum articulare sulci arteriosi juga cerebralia impressiones gyrorum Pars squamosa ossis temporalis A A Facies anterior (cerebralis) pyramidis Facies posterior Facies inferior Facies ventrobasalis (sensory-hearing organ) Scan0101 Pars petrosa (pyramis) Scan0100 A A foramen lacerum apex pyramidis impressio trigemini canalis musculotubarius apertura interna canalis carotici eminentia arcuata tegmen tympani hiatus canalis nervi petrosi majoris et minoris sulcus nervi petrosi majoris et minoris Facies anterior pyramidis Facies posterior pyramidis margo superior - crista pyramidis sulcus sinus petrosi superioris et inferioris porus acusticus internus meatus acusticus internus fundus meatus acustici interni (introitus canalis nervi facialis) fossa subarcuata apertura externa aquaeductus vestibuli incisura jugularis (foramen jugulare) apertura externa canaliculi cochleae sulcus sinus sigmoidei Facies inferior pyramidis Foramen stylomastoideum apertura externa canalis carotici fossa jugularis canaliculus mastoideus apertura externa canaliculi tympanici (fossula petrosa) Processus styloideus Pars mastoidea ossis temporalis processus mastoideus cellulae mastoideae sulcus sinus sigmoidei foramen mastoideum incisura mastoidea sulcus arteriae occipitalis Pars tympanica ossis temporalis porus acusticus externus meatus acusticus externus fissura tympanomastoidea fissura petrotympanica sulcus tympanicus incisura tympanica 1. canalis caroticus 2. canaliculi caroticotympanici 3. canalis nervi facialis 4. canalis musculotubarius 5. canaliculus chordae tympani 6. canaliculus tympanicus 7. canaliculus cochleae 8. canaliculus vestibuli 9. canaliculus mastoideus Canals in temporal bone 1 Canalis caroticus, canaliculi caroticotympanici Canalis nervi facialis, canaliculus chordae tympani 89a introitus canalis nervi facialis foramen stylomastoideum fissura petrotympanica 1 Canalis musculotubarius 88d semicanalis musculi tensoris tympani semicanalis tubae auditivae apertura interna canaliculi tympanici Canaliculus tympanicus apertura externa canaliculi tympanici Canaliculus cochleae, canaliculus vestibuli 91a fossa jugularis fissura tympanomastoidea (nervus auricularis nervi vagi) 1 Canaliculus mastoideus Squama ossis frontalis Partes orbitales Pars nasalis ossis frontalis Os frontale Squama ossis frontalis (facies anterior) sutura coronalis tubera frontalia arcus superciliares glabella margo supraorbitalis incisura frontalis (foramen frontale) incisura supraorbitalis processus zygomaticus linea temporalis superior Squama ossis frontalis crista frontalis sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris impressiones digitatae/gyrorum juga cerebralia foramen caecum sulci arteriosi sinus frontalis septum sinuum frontalium apertura sinuum frontalium fossa glandulae lacrimalis spina (fovea) trochlearis foramen ethmoidale anterius foramen ethmoidale posterius incisura ethmoidalis Partes orbitales et pars nasalis ossis frontalis Os ethmoidale lamina cribrosa lamina perpendicularis labyrinthi ethmoidales Lamina cribrosa ossis ethmoidalis Lamina perpendicularis ossis ethmoidalis Crista galli Septum nasi osseum dutina nosná dutina nosní Cellulae ethmoidales (anteriores, medii, posteriores) Lamina orbitalis Foramen ethmoidale anterius Foramen ethmoidale posterius Concha nasalis superior et media Processus uncinatus Bulla ethmoidalis Labyrinthi ethmoidales Scan0020