Winter Semester 2014/2015 Handout 4
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1. Decide what the correct adjective form for the given noun is:
dexter
dextradextrum dexter dexter
dextra
dextra
dextrum dextrum
dexter
dextra dextrum dexter
dextradextrum
dexter
dextradextrum
dexter
dextra dextrum
dexter
dextra dextrum
dexterdextra
dextrum
orbita
pollex
pes
radius
genu
crus
brachium
auris phalanx
dexter
dextra dextrum dexter
dextradextrum dexter
dextra dextrum
talus
femur
manus
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2. Connect the noun with different adjectives in the correct form, translate the phrases:
A
arteria + thoracicus, a, um; iliacus, a, um; uterinus, a, um;
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
apertura + internus, a, um; externus, a, um; medianus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
rhaphe + medianus, a, um; palatinus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
crista + iliacus, a, um; palatinus, a, um; transversus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
linea + obliquus, a, um; medianus, a, um; transversus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
B
diabetes + mellitus, a, um; secundarius, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
diarrhoe + albus, a, um; epidemicus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
therapia + chirurgicus, a, um; complicatus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
fractura + complicatus, a, um; apertus, a, um; clausus, a, um; obliquus, a, um; secundus, a,
um; transversus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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3. Connect the phrases from part A of the previous exercise with the preposition. Use both
with accusative and ablative.
in + arteria + thoracicus, a, um; iliacus, a, um; uterinus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
in + crista + iliacus, a, um; palatinus, a, um; transversus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
in + fascia + latus, a, um; profundus, a, um; iliacus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
B
Connect the phrases from part B of the previous exercise with the preposition.
propter + diabetes + mellitus, a, um; secundarius, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
propter + diarrhoe + albus, a, um; epidemicus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
propter + hernia + obliquus, a, um (=externus, a, um); liber, libera, liberum;
postoperativus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
4. Count ribs and vertebras:
the first false rib _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
the second thoracic vertebra _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
the third right true rib _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
the fourth coccygeal vertebra _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Winter Semester 2014/2015 Handout 4
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the fifth left true rib _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
the sixth thoracic vertebra _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
the seventh true rib _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
5. Translate the legends to the image1
:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
1
Image copied, rearanged and adjusted; source: Feneis, H & Dauber, W.: Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy, Thieme
2000.
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6. Translate the phrases:
subcutaneous bursa
subcutaneous bursa of the shinbone
the second false rib
the fracture of the second false rib
gastric gland
gastric glands
mucous membrane of the urinary bladder
mucous membrane of the gall bladder
suture of the tongue
palatal transverse suture
coccygeal vertebra
fracture of coccygeal vertebras
fracture of the left shinbone and calf bone
open fracture of the left shinbone
therapy of the open fracture of the left
shinbone
fracture of the backbone
complicated fracture of the backbone
internal iliac artery
into the internal iliac artery
deep vein of the tongue
into the deep vein of the tongue
therapy of diabetes
complicated therapy of secondary diabetes
rupture of the left sclera
after systole and before diastole
because of the complicated therapy of
epidemic scarlatina
therapy of epidemical acne
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insufficiency of coronary arteries
bottle of distilled water
7. Give opposites:
anaemia congenita fractura clausa
diarrhoe acuta fascia interna
celulla parva costa spuria
costa dextra linea nigra
lagoena fusca
8. Form meaningful phrases. Do not change the word order2
:
insufficientia + valvula + aorta
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
tunica + serosus, a, um + vesica + felleus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
plica + vena + cavus, a, um + sinister, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
causa + anaemia + periculosus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
fractura + complicatus, a, um + maxilla
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
therapia + chirurgicus, a, um + fractura + complicatus, a, um + coxa + sinister, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
insufficientia + glandula + thyroideus, a, um + acquisitus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2
Borrowed and adopted according to Prucklová, R.; Severová, M.: Introduction to Latin and Greek terminology in
Medicine, KLP 2012. page 7, task 3.
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lamina + proprius, a, um + tunica + mucosus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
venae + medulla + oblongatus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
fractura + columna + vertebrae + complicatus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
post + pneumonia + tuberculosus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
insufficientia + tuba + auditivus, a, um + congenitus, a, um
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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PART II : GRAMMATICAL NOTES
LATIN II. DECLENSION
In the second Latin declension we decline nouns that have3
:
Genitive sg. ending -I
Nominative sg. ending -US/-ER
Gender M
NOTE! Nouns ending in –er in nom. sg. are quite rare in medical terminology, however, there
are many extremely frequent adjectives having this ending (e. g. dexter, sinister,
liber...).
Nouns ending in –er loose the vowel -e- in all other cases (c.f. cancer (nom. sg.) cancr-i
(gen. sg.). Adjectives can loose the vowel (dexter – dextri) or keep it (liber – liberi);
this change of the stem is always indicated by the genitive ending. This is why the noun
cancer is written in the dictionary as follows: cancer, cri, m.
A few words with the same ending are of the feminine gender, remember especially:
methodus, i, f. method; periodus, i, f. period and diameter, tri, f. diameter.
In the second Latin declension we also decline nouns that have4
:
Genitive sg. ending -I
Nominative sg. ending -UM
Gender N
3
For the whole paradigm check the book p.10; or the chart with Latin and Greek declensions paradigm NERVUS.
4
For the whole paradigm check the book p.10; or the chart with Latin and Greek declensions paradigm SEPTUM.
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PART III : VOCABULARY
accessorius, a, um accessory
adultus, a, um adult
anatomicus, a, um anatomical
anomalia, ae, f. anomaly
bronchus, i, m. bronchus
bulbus, i, m. bulb
caecus, a, um blind
calcaneus, i, m. heel bone, calcaneus
cancer, cri, m. cancer
cardiacus, a, um cardiac
cerebrum, i, n. brain
contagiosus, a, um contagious
crassus, a, um thick
curvatura, ae, f. curvature, curve
diameter, tri, f. diameter
dorsum, i, n. back
duodenum, i, n. duodenum
durus, a, um hard, stiff
fissura, ae, f. cleft, fissure
fundus, i, m. base, bottom, fundus
interosseus, a, um interosseous
intestinum, i, n. intestine
jejunum, i, n. jejunum
ligamentum, i, n. ligament
lobus, i, m. lobe
longus, a, um long
lymphaticus, a, um lymphatic
malleolus, i, m. malleolus
medicamentum, i, n. remedy, medicament
morbus, i, m. disease
musculus, i, m. muscle
neonatus, i, m. new born child
nervus, i, m. nerve
nodus, i, m. node
nucleus, i, m. nucleus
oesophagus, i, m. gullet, oesophagus
organum, i, n. organ
ostium, ii, n. orifice, ostium
ovarium, ii, n. ovary
palatum, i, n. palate
periodus, i, f. period
pharyngeus, a, um pharyngeal
pylorus, i, m. pylorus
radiatus, a, um radiate, radiating
rectum, i, n. rectum
rectus, a, um direct, straight
ruber, a, um red
septum, i, n. septum
signum, i, n. sign
symphaticus, a, um sympathetic
truncus, i, m. 1. trunk, torso; 2. stem
(of the brain)
tuberculum, i, n. tubercle
uterus, i, m. uterus
vagus, a, um wandering, vagus
ventriculus, i, m. 1. stomach; 2. ventricle
COLLOCATIONS:
(intestinum) caecum c(a)ecum
intestinum crassum large intestine
(intestinum) rectum rectum