FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM II
• vagina (vagina, kolpos)
• external genitalia (vulva)
• labia maiora et labia minora
pudendi
• clitoris
• vestibulum vaginae
• vestibular glands
• hymen
• accessory embryonic organs
- funiculus umbilicalis
- placenta
Vagina - HES
stratified
squamous
epithelium
lamina
propria
Vagina
venules
no glands
lamina propria
smooth
muscle cells
stratified squamous
epithelium
smooth
muscle cells
epithelial cells – glycogen (+lactobacillus acidophilus)→lactic acid /pH 3.8-4/
Vagina – Best´s carmine
basal cells
superficial cells
with glycogen
papillae of
lamina propria
mucosae
Labium minus (HE) – external genital organ
inner (medial) side
outer (lateral) side
centre - connective tissue
sebaceous glands
sebaceous glands
epidermis
epidermis
Labium minus
duct opens directly into
epidermis
sebaceous
glands
dermis
epidermis
40-50 cm
Funiculus umbilicalis (HE, HES, AZAN)
magn:2,5
magn:2.5
from APERIO
vein
artery
artery
Funiculus umbilicalis
(AZAN) – amniotic ectoderm
Wharton´s
jelly
collagen fibers – blue, nuclei of fibroblasts - violet
Placenta
• Pars materna
– basal plate with placental septs
• Pars fetalis
– chorionic plate with chorionic villi /stem and free/
s: 15-25 cm
t: 2.5-4 cm
w: 500-600 g
25-30% of
uterine cavity
- discoidalis
- olliformis
- hemochorialis
http://www.odec.ca
Human placenta (HES)
– pars fetalis
chorionic plate
stem
villus
stem
villus
chorionic villi
Human placenta (HES)
– pars materna
basal plate – decidua basalis
chorionic villi
stem
villus
Human placenta (HE)
connective
tissue
fibrinoid
fetal vessels
chorionic villi
Human placenta (HE)
– placental barrier
cytotrophoblast
(Langhans cell) fetal vessels
fibrinoid
maternal blood
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM II
Slides:
49. Vagina – glycogen /Best´s carmine/
50. Vagina
51. Labium minus
99. Funiculus umbilicalis /HE, HES, AZAN/
100. Placenta
Embryological scheme
- indifferent gonad
- differentiation into testis
- differentiation into ovary
Development of gonad
• indifferent gonad
to 6th-7th week of
development
– germ cell (wall of
yolk sac)
– genital (gonadal)
ridge – mesoderm
– coelomic epithelium
– mesoderm –
primitive sex cords
http://quizlet.com/15832386/tamhsc-development-of-genital-system-flash-cards/
Development of gonad – Human embryo (6th week)
aorta
gut
mesenterium
mesenteric artery.
Development of gonad - differentiation to ovary
– 2 generations of
cords
• medullary disappers
• 7th week – cortical
cords arise →form
follicles, remain close
to the surface
– germ cells
→oogonia
7 weeks
http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/ugenital/diffmorpho03.html
Development of gonad – Human embryo (8th week)
female
http://www.theodora.com
germinative
epithelium
Development of gonad - differentiation to testis
7 weeks 8 weeks
http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/ugenital/diffmorpho02.html
- 1 generation of genital cords, separating from the coelomic epithelium
Development of gonad – Human embryo (8th week)
male
Development of genital ducts
• indifferent stage
– mesonephric duct (Wolffian)
– paramesonephric duct (Müllerian) – longitudinal invagination of
coelomic epithelium at the urogenital cord
Differentiation
towards male sex towards female sex
mesonephric
duct – Wolff
paramesonephric duct -
Müller
- vertical
- horizontal do not fuse →uterine tube
- vertical - both ducts fuse → uterovaginal
primordium – uterus and cranial part
of vagina
Development of external genitalia
• indifferent stage
– cloacal folds around the
cloacal membrane
→anteriorly urethral
(urogenital) folds
→posteriorly anal folds
– genital tubercle (phallus)
– genital swellings
cloacal
membrane
Development of external genitalia - differentiation
anal membrane
urogenital membrane
- genital tubercle
→clitoris
- urethral
(urogenital) folds
→labia minora
- genital swellings
(tori genitales) →labia
maiora
FEMALE
MALE
- genital tubercle
→penis
- urogenital folds
fuse →pars
spongiosa urethrae
m.
- genital swellings
fuse →scrotum
Development of external genitalia – Human embryo (8th week)
female
folds
swellings
s
f