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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM II.
Cardia
Fundus (fornix) Corpus ventriculi Pars pylorica Pylorus Paries anterior Paries posterior Curvatura major Curvatura minor Incisura cardiaca Incisura angularis
Shape of the stomach
Stomach cavity
• Ostium cardiacum
• Fornix ventriculi (air bubble)
• Pars cardiaca
• Canalis gastricus
• Pars pylorica
Antrum pyloricum (sinus gastricus)
Canalis pyloricus
Ostium pyloricum i;i
Ultrastructure of the stomach
TUNICA MUCOSA VENTRICULI
Mucous membrane
simple columnar, non-ciliated (junctional I folds, gll. gatricae
Submucosal tissue Tissue fibres, neurovascular bundle
Muscular tissue
fibrae obliquae, stratum circulare et longitudinale
Serosa - peritoneum
Plicae gastricae Sulcus salivarius Areae gastricae Foveolae gastricae Glandulae gastricae Succus gastricus (0,5% HCl) Gastrin Chymus
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Diverticulum ilei - Meckeli
0,5 -1 m from the ostium iliocaecale
(ductus omphaloentericus = yolk stalk)
JEJUNUM	ILEUM
Upper left part of inframesocolic space	Lower right part of inframesocolic space
wider (3- 4 cm), 3/5 of length	narrower (2- 3 cm), 2/5 of length
Numerous circular folds	Lesser circular folds
1- 2 arterial arcades	2- 3 arterial arcades
folliculi lymphatici solitarii	folliculi lymphatici aggregati
intestinum caecum colon ascendens flexura coli dextra (hepatica) colon transversum flexura coli sinistra (lienalis) colon descendens colon sigmoideum rectum
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FACIES DIAPHRAGMATICA HEPATIS ]
Mg. falciforme hepatis Mg. teres hepatis appendix fibrosa hepatis
Pars superior Pars anterior
Pars posterior (area nuda) Margo inferior
FACIES VISCERALIS HEPATIS
Fissura saaittalis sin.
lig. teres hepatis
lig. venosum Fissura saaittalis dx.
fossa vesicae biliaris
sulcus v. cavae inf. Porta hepatis
vena portae
a. hepatica propria (plexus hepaticus)
ductus hepaticus communis
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FUNTIONAL AND NUTRITIVE BLOOD SUPPLY
VENA PORTAE
Formed by: v. lienalis
v. mesenterica sup.
Projection of the gallbladder and liver
PANCREAS
Caput pancreatis incisura pancreatis processus uncinatus
Corpus pancreatis facies ant., post., inf. margo ant., sup., inf.
Cauda pancreatis
PARS EXOCRINA PANCREATIS
Serous tuboalveolar gland Succus pancreaticus Capsula pancreatis Septa
Lobi et lobuli pancreatis Intra- a interlobar ducts Ductus pancreaticus acces. Papilla duodeni minor Ductus pancreaticus Papilla duodeni major
PARS ENDOCRINA PANCREATIS
Insulae pancreaticae - Islets of Langerhans Insulin, glukagon
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Spleen
Supramesocolic part of perironel cavity
Storage of blood
Erythrocyte degradation
Production of lymphocytes
Hematopoesis (children)
LIEN (SPLEN)
extremitas anterior extremitas posterior facies diaphragmatica facies visceralis
hilum lienis margo superior (acutus)
crenae lienis margo inferior (obtusus)
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INTRAPERITONEAL ORGANS
RETROPERITONEAL ORGANS
Primary retroperitoneal (kidney, suprarenal glands, genital glands)
Sekundáry retroperitoneal:
Duodenum (except pars sup.)
Pancreas
Caecum
Colon ascendens Colon descendens
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