Autumn Term 2018 Handout 8
DERIVATION OF ADJECTIVES FROM NOUNS
by attaching suffixes* to the stem:
> with Latin words: Check out English equivalents!
-eus, a, um > e.g. pharyngeus, a, um
-inus, a, um > e.g. uterinus, a, um ~ uterine
-ivus, a, um > e.g. postoperativus, a, um* ~ postoperative
-arius, a, um > e.g. coronarius, a, um ~ coronary
-osus, a, um > e.g. venosus, a, um ~ venous
> with Greek words:
-icus, a, um > e.g. hepaticus, a, um ~ hepatic
-acus, a, um > e.g. iliacus, a, um ~ iliac
Declining:
Masculine forms – like NERVUS
Female forms – like VENA
Neutral forms – like SEPTUM
B) Adjectives of the 3rd
declension
> derived adjectives of the 3rd
declension have only two gender forms:
-is is used both as a male and female form; the neutral form ends in -e: e.g. renalis, renale
by attaching suffixes* to the stem: Check out English equivalents!
-alis, e > e.g. vertebralis, e; partialis, e ~ vertebral, partial
-aris, e (if there is-l- before) > e.g. muscularis, e; tonsillaris, e ~ muscular, tonsillar
DECLINING:
masculine and female forms – like PELVIS BUT! Abl. Sg.: -i
neutral forms – like RETE
*FOR AN OVERVIEW OF ADJECTIVES SUFFIXES USED FOR EACH NOUN, SEE FILE
“adjectives_formation_KEY” in study materials (WEEK 9) !
A) Adjectives of the 1st
/2nd
declension
Autumn Term 2018 Handout 8
EXERCISES
1. Write down the adjectives derived from the following nouns based on the anatomical
terms you are familiar with and their English equivalents:
-alis, e ~ -aris, e ~ -icus/-acus, a, um ~ -ivus, a, um ~ -osus, a, um
~ -inus, a, um ~ -eus, a, um ~ -arius, a, um
pharynx tibia palatum
facies ilium uterus
mandibula vena musculus
cranium cutis occiput
dorsum cor paries
os, oris pelvis ren
mel os, ossis femur
mors vertebra sanguis
corona tonsilla epidemia
pectus tempus coccyx
2. Rewrite the phrases using derived adjectives from the underlined nouns:
E.g. excisio partis mammae l.sin. > excisio mammae l.sin. partialis
combustiones regionis pectoris _______________________________
laesio columnae vertebrarum congenita _______________________________
dolores acuti in cavitate abdominis _______________________________
deformitas ossium metacarpi _______________________________
fractura in articulatione femoris _______________________________
ulcera mollia sub cute _______________________________
carcinoma recti cum metastasibus ______________________________
Autumn Term 2018 Handout 8
3. Translate into Latin. Use derived adjectives where possible:
distortion of the cervical part of vertebral column
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
hollow for (=of) the lacrimal gland
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
lateral margin of nail
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
probably damaged function of suprarenal glands
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
tear wounds in the region of forehead, back of the nose, lip, and mouth cavity
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
inoperable carcinoma of the head of pancreas
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
suspected contusion of the lumbar region of back
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
severe bedsores near the right hip bone
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
fracture inside the joint in the distal part of left radius
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
articular surface of the head of rib
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
iliac lymphatic nodes
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
thrombosis in the blood vessels of kidneys
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
shot wound in the region of chest
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
dorsal venous network of the right hand
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Autumn Term 2018 Handout 8
PART III: VOCABULARY
ablatio, onis, f. surgical removal of a body part molaris, e molar (with teeth used for grinding)
annularis, e ring-shaped mollis, e soft
articularis, e referring to joint, articular mortuus, a, um dead
biliaris, e referring to bile parietalis, e referring to a wall of a structure
bilis, is, f. bile partialis, e partial, incomplete
brevis, e short pertussis, is, f. whooping cough, a contagious disease
marked by spasms of coughing
cardinalis, e main, cardinal
pleuralis, e referring to the membrane investing
lungs, pleural
catarrhalis, e referring to inflammation of
mucous membranes
prophylaxis, is, f.
prevention
centralis, e central puerperalis, e
referring to childbirth or postpartum
period
cerebrospinalis, e referring to brain and spinal
cord
pulvis, eris, n. powder
difficilis, e difficult purus, a, um pure, clean
dissimilis, e different, not similar sanguis, inis, m. blood
distalis, e distal, remote from the point of
reference
similis, e similar
dorsalis, e dorsal, located on the back
surface (as opposed to ventral)
solaris, e solar, related to sun or solar plexus
embolia, ae, f. embolism, obstruction of a
vessel
(in)solubilis, e (in)soluble
extracorporalis, e situated outside the body subtilis, e subtle, delicate
facilis, e easy suprarenalis, e located above kidneys
frontalis, e frontal, referring to the anterior
part of a structure or to the
forehead
suspectus, a, um suspected
gestosis, is, f. any disorder of pregnancy temporalis, e referring to temples or time
gracilis, e tender tenuis, e thin
gravis, e serious thrombosis, is, f. formation or presence of a blood clot
lacrimalis, e lacrimal, referring to tears tonsillaris, e referring to tonsils
lateralis, e lateral, located on the side transfusio, onis, f. transfusion
lethalis, e causing death, deadly verisimiliter probably
levator, oris, m. muscle lifting a body part vivus, a, um living
levis, e mild
(im)mobilis, e (im)mobile, (un)able to move
COLLOCATIONS
intestinum tenue small intestine
in vivo within a living organism/system
in vitro in an artificial environment, in a test tube (lit. in a glass)
febris puerperalis postpartum sepsis originating from the birth canal and
occurring after childbirth (usually fatal for the mother in
the past)