Autumn Term 2019 Handout 8
DERIVATION OF ADJECTIVES FROM NOUNS
by attaching suffixes* to the stem:
> with Latin words: Check out English equivalents!
-eus, a, um > e.g. pharyngeus, a, um
-inus, a, um > e.g. uterinus, a, um ~ uterine
-ivus, a, um > e.g. postoperativus, a, um* ~ postoperative
-arius, a, um > e.g. coronarius, a, um ~ coronary
-osus, a, um > e.g. venosus, a, um ~ venous
> with Greek words:
-icus, a, um > e.g. hepaticus, a, um ~ hepatic
-acus, a, um > e.g. iliacus, a, um ~ iliac
Declining:
Masculine forms – like NERVUS
Female forms – like VENA
Neutral forms – like SEPTUM
B) Adjectives of the 3rd
declension
> derived adjectives of the 3rd
declension have only two gender forms:
-is is used both as a male and female form; the neutral form ends in -e: e.g. renalis, renale
by attaching suffixes* to the stem: Check out English equivalents!
-alis, e > e.g. vertebralis, e; partialis, e ~ vertebral, partial
-aris, e (if there is-l- before) > e.g. muscularis, e; tonsillaris, e ~ muscular, tonsillar
DECLINING:
masculine and female forms – like PELVIS BUT! Abl. Sg.: -i
neutral forms – like RETE
*FOR AN OVERVIEW OF ADJECTIVES SUFFIXES USED FOR EACH NOUN, SEE FILE
“adjectives_formation_KEY” in study materials (WEEK 9) !
A) Adjectives of the 1st
/2nd
declension
Autumn Term 2019 Handout 8
EXERCISES
1. Write down the adjectives derived from the following nouns based on the anatomical
terms you are familiar with and their English equivalents:
-alis, e ~ -aris, e ~ -icus/-acus, a, um ~ -ivus, a, um ~ -osus, a, um
~ -inus, a, um ~ -eus, a, um ~ -arius, a, um
pharynx tibia palatum
facies ilium uterus
mandibula vena musculus
cranium cutis occiput
dorsum cor paries
os, oris pelvis ren
mel os, ossis femur
mors vertebra sanguis
corona tonsilla epidemia
pectus tempus coccyx
2. Rewrite the phrases using derived adjectives from the underlined nouns:
E.g. excisio partis mammae l.sin. > excisio mammae l.sin. partialis
combustiones regionis pectoris _______________________________
laesio columnae vertebrarum congenita _______________________________
dolores acuti in cavitate abdominis _______________________________
deformitas ossium metacarpi _______________________________
fractura in articulatione femoris _______________________________
ulcera mollia sub cute _______________________________
carcinoma recti cum metastasibus ______________________________
Autumn Term 2019 Handout 8
3. Translate into Latin. Use derived adjectives where possible:
distortion of the cervical part of vertebral column
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
hollow for (=of) the lacrimal gland
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
lateral margin of nail
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
probably damaged function of suprarenal glands
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
tear wounds in the region of forehead, back of the nose, lip, and mouth cavity
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
inoperable carcinoma of the head of pancreas
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
suspected contusion of the lumbar region of back
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
severe bedsores near the right hip bone
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
fracture inside the joint in the distal part of left radius
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
articular surface of the head of rib
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
iliac lymphatic nodes
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
thrombosis in the blood vessels of kidneys
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
shot wound in the region of chest
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
dorsal venous network of the right hand
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Autumn Term 2019 Handout 8
PART III: VOCABULARY
ANATOMICAL NOMENCLATURE CLINICAL TERMINOLOGY
annularis, e ring-shaped ablatio, onis, f. surgical removal of a body part
articularis, e referring to joint, articular dissimilis, e different, not similar
biliaris, e referring to bile embolia, ae, f. embolism, obstruction of a vessel
bilis, is, f. bile extracorporalis, e situated outside the body
brevis, e short facilis, e easy
catarrhalis, e referring to inflammation of
mucous membranes
centralis, e central gestosis, is, f. any disorder of pregnancy
cerebrospinalis, e referring to brain and spinal
cord
gravis, e serious
distalis, e distal, remote from the point of
reference
lethalis, e causing death, deadly
dorsalis, e dorsal, located on the back
surface (as opposed to ventral)
levis, e mild, not severe
frontalis, e frontal, referring to the anterior
part of a structure or to the
forehead
(im)mobilis, e (im)mobile, (un)able to move
lacrimalis, e lacrimal, referring to tears partialis, e partial, incomplete
lateralis, e lateral, located on the side
pertussis, is, f. whooping cough, a contagious disease
marked by spasms of coughing
levator, oris, m. muscle lifting a body part puerperalis, e
referring to childbirth or postpartum
period
molaris, e
molar (with teeth used for
grinding)
pulvis, eris, n. powder
mollis, e soft purus, a, um pure, clean
parietalis, e
referring to a wall of a
structure
similis, e similar
pleuralis, e referring to the membrane
investing lungs, pleural
(in)solubilis, e (in)soluble
sanguis, inis, m. blood subtilis, e subtle, delicate
solaris, e
solar, related to sun or solar
plexus
suspectus, a, um suspected
suprarenalis, e located above kidneys thrombosis, is, f. formation or presence of a blood clot
temporalis, e referring to temples or time transfusio, onis, f. transfusion
tenuis, e thin verisimiliter probably
tonsillaris, e referring to tonsils vivus, a, um living
COLLOCATIONS
intestinum tenue small intestine
in vivo within a living organism/system
in vitro in an artificial environment, in a test tube (lit. in a glass)
febris puerperalis postpartum sepsis originating from the birth canal and
occurring after childbirth (usually fatal for the mother in
the past)