Endocrine system



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Hypophysis – pituitary gland

Podvěsek mozkový, hypofýza (hypohysis cerebri)
Barvení HE
1zadní lalok hypofýzy (neurohypofýza)
2přední lalok hypofýzy (adenohypofýza)
3infundibulum
4pars intermedia
5pars distalis
6pars tuberalis
7folikuly (Rathkeho cysty)
Pituitary gland (hypohysis cerebri)
HE staining
1posterior pituitary gland (neurohypophysis)
2anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)
2infundibulum
4pars intermedia (Rathke’s cleft)
5pars distalis
6pars tuberalis
7follicles (Rathke’s cysts)

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Anterior hypophysis – adenohypohysis

Přední lalok hypofýzy (adenohypofýza)
Barvení HE
1acidofilní buňky
2bazofilní buňky
3chromofobní buňky
4fenestrované kapiláry
Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)
HE staining
1acidophil cells
2basophil cells
3chromophobe cells
4fenestrated capillaries

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Posterior hypophysis – neurohypohysis

Zadní lalok hypofýzy (neurohypofýza)
Barvení HE
1pituicty
2nemyelinizovaná nervová vlákna
3kapiláry
Posterior lobe of hypophysis (neurohypophysis)
1pituicytes
2non-myelinated nerve fibers
3capillaries

Embryonic development of pituitary gl.
•Ectoderm (Rathke’s pouch)
•Neuroectoderm of ventral wall of diencephalon
HypDevAni

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Pineal body (epiphysis cerebri)

Epifýza (corpus pineale)
Barvení HE
1trámce pinealocytů
2acervulus cerebri
Pineal gland (corpus pineale)
HE Staining
1trabecules of pinealocytes
2acervulus cerebri

Embryonic development of epiphysis
•thickening of caudal part of ependyma that does not contribute to development of choroid plexus at
the roof of diencephalon
•neuroectoderm
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Thyroid gland (gl. thyroidea)

Štítná žláza (glandula thyroidea)
Barvení HE
1folikuly s koloidem
Thyroid gland (glandula thyroidea)
HE staining
1follicles with colloid

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Thyroid gland (gl. thyroidea)

Štítná žláza (glandula thyroidea)
Barvení HE
1folikulární buňky
2kapilára
3koloid
4C-buňky
Thyroid gland (glandula thyroidea)
HE staining
1follicular cells
2capillaries
3colloid
4C-cells

Thyroid development
embryoHeadImage5
•endodermal proliferation of pharyngeal floor between tuberculum impar and copula
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•obliterating ductus thyreoglossus
•foramen caecum
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•bilobed diverticulum
•lobus pyramidalis
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•C-cells
-neural crest origin
-ultimobranchial body of 5th pharyngeal pouch
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Parathyroid gland (gl. parathyreoidea)

Příštítná žláza (glandula parathyroidea)
Barvení HE
1vazivový obal
2septa
3hlavní buňky
4oxyfilní buňky
5adipocyty
Parathyroid gland (glandula parathyroidea)
HE staining
1capsule
2septs
3chief cells
4oxyphylic cells
5adipocytes

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Parathyroid gland (gl. parathyreoidea)

Příštítná žláza (glandula parathyroidea)
Barvení HE
1hlavní buňky
2oxyfilní buňky
3adipocyty
Parathyroid gland (glandula parathyroidea)
HE staining
1chief cells
2oxyphylic cells
3adipocytes

•glandulae parathyroideae superiores from endoderm of 4th pharyngeal pouch
•glandulae parathyroideae inferiores from dorsal process of 3th pharyngeal pouch
-together with thymus descend to lower poles of thyroid
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Embryonic development of parathyroid gland
http://www.cambridgequestions.co.uk/diagrams/Development%20-%20Pharyngeal%20arches.png

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Suprarenal gland (gl. suprarenalis)

Nadledvina (glandula surparenalis)
Barvení HE
1vazivový obal
2kůra
3dřeň
4dřeňové vény
Suprarenal gland (glandula surparenalis)
HE staining
1capsule
2cortex
3medulla
4medullary veins

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Suprarenal gland (gl. suprarenalis)

Kůra nadledviny (glandula surparenalis, cortex)
Barvení HE
1vazivový obal
2zona glomerulosa
3zona fasciculata
4zona reticularis
Cortex of suprarenal gland (glandula surparenalis, cortex)
HE staining
1capsule
2zona glomerulosa
3zona fasciculata
4zona reticularis

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Suprarenal gland (gl. suprarenalis)

Dřeň a část kůry nadledviny (glandula surparenalis)
Barvení HE
1dřeň
2zona reticularis kůry
3chromaffiní buňky
4kapiláry
Medulla nd part of cortex of suprarenal gland (glandula surparenalis)
HE staining
1medulla
2zona reticularis of cortex
3chromaffine cells
4capillaries

https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/images/d/df/Week10_adrenal.jpg
Cortex
-mesoderm
-mesothelium, coelomic epithelium
•primitive fetal cortex 5-6th week
-fetoplacental unit
•definitive cortex
-zona reticularis fully differentiates within 3 years
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Medulla
•neural crest
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Embryonic development of suprarenal gland

Langerhans islets
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Detail Langerhansova ostrůvku v pankreatickém parenchymu)
Barvení HE
1vazivový obal
2trámce žlázových buněk
3kapiláry
Detail of Islet of Langerhans in pancreatic parenchyma
HE staining
1c.t. capsule
2trabecules of epithelial cells
3capillaries

List of slides
•52. Hypophysis cerebri
•53. Epiphysis
•54. Glandula thyreoidea
•55. Glandula parathyroidea
•56. Corpus suprarenale
•23. Pancreas – islets of Langerhans