WORK AND HEALTH
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES FOR DENTISTS


ORAL MARKERS OF OCCUPATIONAL RISKS
•TEETH ABRASSION- MOLARS (dust)                            -INCISIVES(musical wind instruments)
•ENHANCED CARRIES (org.dust)
•GREY GUM´S MARGIN (Pb)
•SLAVER (Hg, organofosfates)
•BLEEDING (benzene)
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•
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MERCURY
•ELEMENTAR -> INTERSTICIAL PNEUMONIA
•ANORGANIC ->POISONING
•ORGANIC METHYLMERCURY  -> POISONING (Minamata, Niigata disease, epidemy in Iraque)
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POISONING
•PSYCHIC CHANGES
•TREMOR
•NEUROLOGIC CHANGES – (step-by-step „decapitation“)
•KIDNEY´S COLAPS
•TERRATOGENICITY
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AMALGAM
•In EU :
•1990 – 110.000 KG
•2000 – 90.000 KG (20 ČR,POL,SLOVIN.)
•
•DURING 4 HOURS AFTER TREATMENT, 33x HIGHER SALIVARY LEVELS OF Hg
•1,8x BLOOD LEVELS OF Hg

DAILY  EXPOSURE
•WHO:  10,6 – 27,7 ug
•GERMANY:  22 ug + 20 ug (dentists) -> Hg FROM AMALGAM REPRESENTS ALMOST 50% of daily load
•CRITICAL POINTS: DRILLING,  BRUSHING
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OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
•NURSE: INHALATION of Hg,
•NEW TECHNOLOGY SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED THE RISK
•DENTIST: INHALATION OF Hg AEROSOL
•IN THE RESPIRATORY ZONE
•   cca 25 ug/m3 (even 180 ug/m3 - 18 patients)

PREVENTION
•MAXIMAL LIMITS (NPK) in the working place
•                50 / 115 ug/m3
•USING THE FACIAL SHIED
•MASK – HIGHER CONTAMINATION NEEDS FREQUENT EXCHANGE
•AMALGAM IN PREGNANCY?

CONCLUSION
•WORKING IS THE ESENTIAL PART OF HUMAN LIFE
•
•WORKING IS THE SOURCE OF IMPULS AND ACTIVITY
•
•But MAY BE ALSO THE CAUSE OF HEALTH DAMAGES