You can find a summary of information on this topic in the text below. Detailed information is available in video lectures and recommended literature. 

Anaphylactic shock 

Definition:

• An allergy is an abnormal, inappropriate immune system reaction to an allergen.
  
• Anaphylactic shock is a systemic allergic reaction that is associated with potentially life-threatening organ dysfunction. 

Symptoms:

• A: tongue and lips swelling.
• B: bronchospasm (edema of the peripheral airways) - in the most severe cases non-auditory breathing bilaterally, tachypnea, desaturation, cyanosis.
• C: hypotension, tachycardia, prolonged CRT.
• D: consciousness alteration.
• E: pruritus, local flushing, urticaria, swelling, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea.

Not all symptoms need to be expressed.

Most freqent causes and triggers:

• Medications - antibiotics, local anaesthetics, analgesics, muscle relaxants, contrast agents...
  
• Latex.
• Insect bites.
• Food.

Therapy:

• 1.) Eliminating the triggers - e.g., stopping administering dripping analgesics and antibiotics or removing bee stings.
• 2.) Epinephrine 0.5 mg IM, repeat after 5 min if necessary. 
  • If an IV line and monitoring are in place, the dose of 20-50 mcg IV can be administered by experienced staff according to haemodynamic response, repeated as necessary. 
  • If the patient has an autoinjector, we can use it.
• 3.) Fluids IV or IO, initially 500 ml, than it could be repeated according to the reaction.
• 4.) Follow the ABCDE approach - O2, bronchodilators, corticosteroids...