Endocrine system
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Hypophysis – pituitary gland
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3
4
Anterior hypophysis – adenohypohysis
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3
Posterior hypophysis – neurohypohysis
Embryonic development of pituitary gl.
• Ectoderm (Rathke’s pouch)
• Neuroectoderm of ventral wall of diencephalon
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2
Pineal body (epiphysis cerebri)
Embryonic development of epiphysis
• thickening of caudal part of
ependyma that does not
contribute to development of
choroid plexus at the roof of
diencephalon
• neuroectoderm
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Thyroid gland (gl. thyroidea)
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4
Thyroid gland (gl. thyroidea)
Thyroid development
• endodermal proliferation of pharyngeal floor
between tuberculum impar and copula
• obliterating ductus thyreoglossus
• foramen caecum
• bilobed diverticulum
• lobus pyramidalis
• C-cells
- neural crest origin
- ultimobranchial body of 5th pharyngeal pouch
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5
Parathyroid gland (gl. parathyreoidea)
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2
3
Parathyroid gland (gl. parathyreoidea)
• glandulae parathyroideae superiores from endoderm of 4th pharyngeal pouch
• glandulae parathyroideae inferiores from dorsal process of 3rd pharyngeal pouch
- together with thymus descend to lower poles of thyroid
Embryonic development of parathyroid gland
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4
Suprarenal gland (gl. suprarenalis)
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4
Suprarenal gland (gl. suprarenalis)
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4
Suprarenal gland (gl. suprarenalis)
Cortex
- mesoderm
- mesothelium, coelomic epithelium
• primitive fetal cortex 5-6th week
- fetoplacental unit
• definitive cortex
- zona reticularis fully differentiates within
3 years
Medulla
• neural crest
Embryonic development of suprarenal gland
Langerhans islets
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List of slides
52. Hypophysis cerebri
53. Epiphysis
54. Glandula thyreoidea
55. Glandula parathyroidea
56. Corpus suprarenale
23. Pancreas – islets of Langerhans
Atlas EM:
12. Steroidogenic cells (Ovary)
66. Pancreas – islets of Langerhans