Seminar 9B -- Tasks / Worksheet 9 I. Questions 1. Do any of the indefinite pronouns reflect gender distinctions? 2. How does countability influence the use of pronouns? Consider especially: each, both, some, either, neither, none. 3. Name some compound pronouns. What verb (sg or pl) do they take? What's their notional meaning? 4. Is there any difference between `everyone' and `every one'? 5. Is there any difference between forms in --one and --body? 6. The compounds can take the `s genitive, give examples. + Is it the same when the compound is postmodified by `else'? 7. Which of the following sentences are not right? a) I didn't see anybody of them. b) Students at secondary schools usually learn English, but some don't. c) Noone wanted to help me. d) Every of the students were asked to come and see the teacher individually. 8. Consider the meaning of the following sentences. One sentence is not correct. Which one? a) All boys play football. b) All the boys play football. c) All of the boys play football. d) All of boys play football. 9. The following sentence sounds strange, rephrase it: All country waited for the president's decision. 10. What verbs (sg or pl) are used after neither and none? 11. `Some' is common with uncountable nouns and plural countable nouns. In some contexts it can also be used with sg countable nouns. Give examples. 12. What are quantifiers? Explain their meaning and function. 13. Is it possible to say: Less changes were made than expected. 14. Make sentences using: a) one ..... the other b) one ...... another 15. Give examples of `substitute' one in sg and pl.: 16. Explain the use of `generic' one. What can we use instead in informal contexts? 17. Consider the meaning of the underlined pronouns in the following sentences: a) Some people like the sea, others prefer the mountains. b) I have just one photo. Where are the others? c) He never thinks of others. d) Jake's arrived -- I must tell the others. 18. Explain why the following sentence is wrong and correct it: There are more people than we expected. We need another chairs. 19. What pronouns should be used in the following sentences? a) Can I get you ____________ to drink? b) Let's go ____________ nice for dinner. c) There's hardly ______ tea left. d) There is little point in doing ______ more work now. e) If you want ___________ help, let me know. 20. `Any' and `either' are both used in non-assertive territory but not in the same contexts. Explain the difference. 21. Give 2 examples of `any' (in sentences) used in assertive territory. 22. Some pronouns are morphologically negative; others are not but have a negative meaning. Give examples. II. PRACTICE 1. Complete the sentences using the following words: a few (of) all (of) any (of) each (of) few (of) half (of) most (of) much (of) none (of) 1. It is widely believed that ________ human beings are descended from one common ancestor. 2. When Jill decided to sell her car, she phoned round her friends. But _______ them wanted to buy it, so she put an ad in the paper. 3. Do ________ your colleagues give you birthday presents? 4. When my rich uncle died, he left __________ his fortune to his cat and the other half to a distant cousin. We had never expected to receive ______ it, but we were disappointed that he hadn't left _____ it to us. 5. I think __________ children enjoy going to funfairs, although I know ________ who are frightened of the big rides. 6. We'll have to work quickly because we haven't got ______ time. 7. Before mixing the cake, weigh ___________ ingredient precisely. 8. I'll have to buy a new tie. _________ the ones I've got matches this jacket. 9. ______ people enjoy housework, and I'm not one of them. 10. Bret lost his wallet, so he phoned _________ the shops he'd visited. But he got the same answer from _________ place. Unfortunately, _____ their staff had found it. 2. Some of the following sentences contain mistakes. Correct them: 1. He shouted at all of students although most of us had done nothing wrong. 2. Can anyone use the tennis courts or only college students? 3. What happens if anybody get left behind? 4. What a boring town! There are not good restaurants, nothing! 5. I think he was lonely because he had a few friends and none of his neighbours ever spoke to him. 6. We can't use this room because there are no chairs in it. 7. I've wasted two hours because the whole information you gave me was wrong. 8. When I got on the plane, the steward told me I could have some seat because there were so few passengers on the flight. 9. You can't borrow money from me because I have no. 10. The problem is that I have much homework to do at weekends, so I have very little time for sport. 11. I feel so embarrassed that all know my problem. 3. Quantifiers -- choose the right word: 1. We have imported _______ videos this year than last year. (fewer / less) 2. There has been ______ demand for videos this year than last year. (fewer / less) 3. ______ effort has been put into this project. (a lot of / many) 4. ________ book was written by someone else. (most / most of the) 5. ________ metal is liable to rust. (most / most of) 6. ________ businesses have gone bankrupt this year. (a good deal of / several) 7. We've had _________ trouble with this machine already. (enough / hardly any) 8. There have been _______ accidents on this corner this year. (a good deal of / hardly any) 9. There have been _____ changes in the new edition. (no / any) 10. There has been ______ change in the new edition. (no / any) 4. Choose the right word: 1. If someone / anyone has any questions, I'll be pleased to answer them. 2. We left the door unlocked. Somebody / Anybody could have come in. 3. The station isn't somewhere / anywhere near here. 4. Where did you go for your holidays? -- Anywhere / Nowhere. I stayed at home. 5. The situation is uncertain. Nothing / Anything could happen. 6. Don't ask me. I know anything / nothing about economics. 7. We must be quick. We have little / a little time. 8. Can you lend me few / a few dollars? 9. Do you mind if I ask few / a few questions? 10. I don't go out very often. I'm at home most / most of days. 11. Half of this money is mine, and half / the half is yours. 12. Neither of the restaurants we went to was / were expensive. 13. I asked two people the way to the station but none / neither of them knew. 14. There are two sandwiches here. Do you mind which I take? -- No, take each / either. 15. The party was wonderful. All / Everybody enjoyed it. 16. Have you read all these books? -- Yes, everyone / every one. 17. Carol has read every / every one book in the library.