Vocabularies

First of all study vocabularies. Use the follow link to open and save the word list.

Agriculture

is the production of food and goods through farming and forestry. Agriculture was the key development that led to the rise of human civilization, with the husbandry of domesticated animals and plants (i.e. crops) creating food surpluses that enabled the development of more densely populated and stratified societies. The study of agriculture is known as agricultural science.

Crop Farming

Crop farming provides for almost two-thirds of the world's food supply and can be divided into four main sectors of production.  These include market gardening, viticulture, cereal crop growing and industrial crop growing.

Market gardening usually involves the growing of flowers, fruits and vegetables close to towns and cities where the produce can be sold fresh. Viticulture refers to the growing of grapes for the production of wine and is widespread in Mediterranean countries where the climate is suitable.

Cereal crops take up approximately half of the world's arable land and are made up of three main crops: grains such as rice and wheat, grain-folder such as corn which is used for feeding livestock, and legumes such as beans. The most important grain crop is wheat and the main cereal crops wheat, rice and corn make up approximately 80 % of the total world production of cereal crops.

The industrial crop growing industry can be sub-divided into five main sectors. Tobacco is a labour-intensive industry which is the most valuable non-food cash crop in the world.Fibre crops such as cotton are labour-intensive and tend to be grown in areas with large population densities. Sugar cane and sugar beet are known as sugar crops and these are grown in tropical and sub-tropical climates. Stimulation crops are also grown in tropical climates and good examples of these are tea and coffee, which are also known as plantation crops.Oil-yielding crops such as sunflowers and olives produce vegetable oils for variety of uses and grow in mid-latitude climates and sub-tropical climates such as the Mediterranean.

Exercises

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