Cold War



World War II
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•The United States and the USSR were allies , 1941-1945
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•war propaganda about the Soviets was always positive
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•no references to Molotov-Ribbentrop Agreement
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•no criticism of Stalin
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•Hollywood made pro-Soviet films, like Frank Capra's Why We Fight series movie called The Battle of
Russia

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•Yalta, February 1945


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abstract expressionism
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•post- World War II
•first genuinely American style  (but influenced by German expressionists, Futurists,  surrealism,
cubism)
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•emotional intensity
•non-objective
•spontaneous, automatic or subconscious creation
•often untitled
•“action painting”
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•Cold War – support by CIA

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•Jackson Pollock


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•Pollock, Autumn Rhythm, 1950


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•Jackson Pollock, Convergence, 1952


Jan Matulka 1890-1972
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•born in Vlachovo Březí, emigrated to New York with his parents in 1907
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•studied at National Academy of Design in New York

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•Jan Matulka, New York, 1925


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•Jan Matulka, Abstract Arrangement, c.1932


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•Franz Kline, Painting Number 2, 1954


Helen Frankenthaler 1928-2011
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•Frankentahler  (her parents were Jewish German immigrants) is considered an abstract
expressionist, but she experimented with new techniques. She used Pollock’s “action painting”
style.
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•She painted directly onto an unprepared canvas so that the material absorbs the colors. She
heavily diluted the oil paint with turpentine so that the color would soak into the canvas. This
technique, known as "soak stain“ creates a problem: the oil in the paint causes the canvas to
deteriorate; her paintings will not last for centuries.

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•Frankenthaler, Mountains and Sea, 1952


Helen Frankenthaler, untitled tapestry, 1972
Kettering Tower, Dayton
http://tapestrycenter.org/?page_id=399
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•Mark Rothko, Number 14


Mark Rothko
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•Rothko Chapel, Houston, 1964-67

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•Barrett Newman, Vir Heroicus Sublimis (1951)
•“hrdinské a vznešený muž”
•chromatic abstraction: the viewer reacts to the color, not the content

Robert Rauschenberg, Bed
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•Jasper Johns, Target with Four Faces


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•Jasper Johns, Flag


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Louise Nevelson (1899-1988)
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•untitled (1968)
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•“Art is everywhere, except it has to pass through a creative mind.”

Vietnam War
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•1946: France tries to regain control of Vietnam
•1954: The Vietminh defeats the French. Vietnam is divided into two zones: the Communist-ruled
north and a republic in the south.
•1965: Trying to stop the spread of Communism, the United States sends combat troops to Vietnam.
About 60,000 American soldiers and many more Vietnamese soldiers die in the years to follow.
•1968: “the year everything went wrong”
•1973:  the U.S. signs a peace accord with North Vietnam. American troops leave Vietnam.
•1975: South Vietnam surrenders to Communist North Vietnam. North and South Vietnam are united in
1976 under Communist leadership.

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•James Rosenquist (1933-), F-111 (1965)


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