1929 1930s Golden Age 1938 / 39 1940s overseas 30 % escapism 1950s 1960s Silver Age 1970s 1978 graphic novel! “I had finally settled on the term ‘graphic novel’ as an adequate euphemism [for comic book], but the class I teach is called ‘sequential art’ — and of course that’s what it is — a sequence of pictures arranged to tell a story.” or “Big comic book that needed a bookmark” Art Spiegelman 1980s