logo_ikons Sentence Transformations I (Tenses, esp. the Present Perfect) Rewrite the following sentences in bold using the word given and keeping the meaning as close as possible to the original sentence. You can use 2 – 5 words. You mustn’t change the form of the word given. 1 I don’t know who the writer of this book is. has I don’t know who ___________________________________________ this book. 2 I’m afraid I can’t find my ID. lost I’m afraid ___________________________________________ my ID. 3 I stopped making your breakfast a moment ago. have I ___________________________________________ breakfast for you. 4 It’s unlikely that I’ll see you again this week. probably We ________________________________________________ other again this week. 5 It’s been two months since I became unemployed. been I ___________________________________________ for two months. 6 It’s Mark’s first trip to Munich. never Mark ___________________________________________ to Munich before. 7 It’s been over five weeks since we met each other. met We ___________________________________________ over five weeks. 8 We last went to Spain three years ago. years It ___________________________________________ since we last went to Spain. 9 Where can I find the station? how Could you tell ________________________________________________ to the station? 10 It’s been more than a year since I saw Mark. for I ________________________________________________ more than a year. Sentence transformations II: Structures to be studied 1 …is too young X …isn’t old enough: enough comes after an adjective (e.g. “old”) (short enough, smart enough X enough time, money, experience) 2 apart from /preposition/ (= except) – kromě, až na 3 to have (a) difficulty with st.; to have (a) difficulty in doing st. 4 to be responsible for (doing) st. 5 to pay attention to st. 6 Study the handout on passive forms. 7 to be good at st. 8 to be unusual for sb. to do st. 9 in case + present simple 10 to feel like doing st. – mít na něco chuť 11 to be impossible for sb. to do st. 12 to look forward to (doing) st. – těšit se na něco 13 don’t have to – nemuset 14 to blame sb. for st. – vinit někoho z něčeho 15 to have/get st. done – nechat si něco udělat ST II: PRACTICE Rewrite the following sentences in bold using the word given and keeping the meaning as close as possible to the original sentence. Use 2 – 5 words. You mustn’t change the form of the word given. 1 My brother is too young to drive a car. not My brother___________________________________________________ to drive a car. 2 Jack was the only one who arrived on time. apart No one ___________________________________________________ Jack. 3 It wasn’t easy for them to memorize all the terms. difficulty They ___________________________________________________ all the terms. 4 It is a teacher’s responsibility to look after students. responsible A teacher ___________________________________________________ students. 5 Dan never takes any notice of my advice. attention Dan never ___________________________________________________ my advice. 6 The price of the trip includes travel insurance. is Travel insurance ___________________________________________________ the price of the trip. 7 He’s always found biology easy. good He ___________________________________________________ biology. 8 Amanda doesn’t often change her mind. unusual It is ___________________________________________________ her mind. 9 It might get windy tonight, so take your anorak. case Take your anorak___________________________________________________ windy tonight. 10 Alison would rather not go for a PhD now. feel Alison___________________________________________________ for a PhD. now. 11 I’m sorry but I cannot lend you any money. me I’m sorry but it ___________________________________________________ to lend you any money. 12 It will be nice to meet you again. looking I’m ___________________________________________________ you again. 13 It isn’t necessary to buy any stamps – we’ve got a lot of them at home. have You ___________________________________________________ buy any stamps – we’ve got a lot of them at home. 14 He said that her departure was my fault. blamed He ___________________________________________________ her departure. 15 I went to a tattoo saloon last week. had I ___________________________________________________ last week. Sentence transformations III: Structures to be studied 1 in order to do st. → expresses purpose (= “účel”) She arrived at 5.00 in order to prepare everything in carefully. (= aby vše připravila….) 2 Study the handout on reported speech. 3 there’s “no chance of” st./doing st. (= není šance že, …/není možné aby…) 4 Study the handout on present perfect tenses. 5 there is “no point (in)” st./doing st. (= nemá cenu/smysl něco dělat) X there’s a point in st./doing st. (= má cenu/smysl něco dělat) There was no point (in) talking to him. = Nemělo cenu s ním mluvit. 6 there is nothing left (= nic nezůstalo) There’s 5 minutes left. = Zbývá 5 minut. 7 “you had better do” st. = raději bys měl něco udělat You’d better use your own camera. (Raději bys měl použít vlastní foťák.) 8 “mind doing st.” (= vadit udělat) I don’t mind leaving later. = Nevadí mi, že pojedeme později. Would you mind coming by bus? = Vadilo by ti, kdybys jel autobusem? Vadila by ti cesta autobusem? 9 Study the handout on modals and passive forms. 10 give sb. permission to do st. (= dát někomu povolení, povolit něco někomu) 11 get used to st./doing st. = get familiar with st./doing st. (= zvyknout si na něco/dělání něčeho) I can’t get used to his endless commands. I can’t get used to getting up at 5.00. x be used to st./doing st. = být zvyklý (na něco): I’m not used to such noise. 12 besides st./ besides doing st.: = kromě/vedle toho(, že) Besides English, Jane can also speak Spanish and Greek. Besides cycling we also went hiking. to be unable to do st. = nebýt schopen něco udělat ST III: PRACTICE Rewrite each sentence 1 – 12 using the word given and 2 – 5 other words. You mustn’t change the form of the word given. 1 So that Pete could go on holiday in summer, he saved 500 crowns a month. order Pete saved 500 crowns a month …………………………………………. able to go on holiday in summer. 2 “I’ll see you later Anne,” he said. told He …………………………………………….…………… see her later. 3 I am totally convinced that our team will win. chance In my opinion, there ………………………………..………………………… our team losing. 4 My sister began to learn Spanish six years ago. learning My sister ………………………………………………………..………………….. six years. 5 My watch was so badly damaged that it wasn’t worth keeping. point My watch was so badly damaged that ……………………………………………………… keeping it. 6 This bottle is completely empty. left There’s ……………………………………………………………… bottle. 7 You should get your car brakes repaired immediately. better You …………………………………………….……………… your car brakes repaired immediately. 8 Could I borrow your dictionary please? lending Would …………………………………………………………. your dictionary? 9 Visitors to the zoo are not allowed to feed the animals. must The animals ……………………………………………………. by the visitors to the zoo. 10 The manager said I could have three days off. permission The manager ……………………………………..………………….. to have three days off. 11 Are you familiar with his teaching style yet? used Have you……………………………………………………. his teaching style yet? 12 Barbara couldn’t sing or dance. unable Besides …………………………………………………………….. , Barbara couldn’t dance either. lower_image