a X some X any X no


1) “nějaký” => a x some x any


a (for singular countable nouns)

There is a cat on the sofa.

I’ve got a dollar.


Positive sentences (for plural and uncountable nouns): some

There are some people in the street.

I've got some money in the car.


Questions: any

Are there any people in the street?
Have you got any money?


NOTE: For offers, suggestions, requests ….. use “some”!!!

Would you like some tea?
Can I have some water, please?
How about some music?


2) Negative sentences: any (= “ŽÁDNÝ”)                               no (the verb is in the
positive)

There aren't any people in the street.                                         There are no people
in the street.
I haven't got any money in my pocket.                                        I've got no money in
my pocket.


NOTE:

[DEL: Any children :DEL] [DEL: didn't come. :DEL]   (Any can’t be a part of a subject).[DEL: :DEL]
No children came.


Some in negative sentences:

I didn't see any students at the party. - Neviděl jsem tam žádné studenty.
                     X

I didn't see some students at the party. – Některé studenty jsem na večírku neviděl. (Asi
nepřišli.)


3) Any for “jakýkoliv/kterýkoliv”

In this meaning any can be used even with countables in singular and in subject.

Any child could do it.
Read any book you like.


4) Exception (= výjimka): SOME MAN, SOME PICTURE…

Some can be used for putting emphasis on something that is really very indefinite.


I gave the money to some man. – (Dal jsem ty peníze nějakému muži;  Zdůrazňuji, že to byl nějaký
neurčitý muž, někomu koho neznám, nebo je mi to jedno.)



5) Something/someone/somebody/anything/anyone….follow the same rules




PRACTICE


Part A

Choose the best alternative.

1 We found ________ old magazines when we were tidying up the cellar. an, any, some, something

2 I went shopping yesterday morning and I bought ________ new top.  a, any, some, the

3 There is ________ at the bus stop.  anybody, anyone, some, somebody

4 We don’t have ________ blinds in my house.  any, no, some, the

5 Did ________ see my PA yesterday?  any, anybody, somebody, some

6 If anyone ________ hungry, come with me to the dining room.  -, are, has, is

7 If anybody comes, tell ________ I'll be here in a few minutes.  her, him, them, to him



Part B

Choose the best alternative.

8 He gave me ________ advice at all.  an, any, no, some

9 Nobody said ________ to him. anything, none, nothing, something

10 I don’t know ________ about politics.  -, anything, nothing, something

11 We found out that we were going to the shop without ________ money.  a, any, some, no

12 She was silent and refused to say ________. any, anything, nothing, something

13 We had to stay at my friend's because there was ________ bus.  any, no, nothing, some

14 Is there any more tea? There's ________ in the kitchen.  any, no, none, nothing



Part C: “EVERY”  - anything, something, any, or some???

15 Trust your instincts and do ________ you dream of.

16 I need to work. I could do ________.

17 ________ candidate with at least B2 knowledge of German will be invited.

18 I would do ________ for her but she doesn’t care.



Part D: “OFFERS, REQUESTS and suggestions” – some or any???

19 Would you like ________ milk?

20 Can I have ________ coffee, please?

21 Shall I send you ________ information?

22 Do you want me to bring ________ pictures?