Tasks based on Chapter 12 Pro-forms and ellipsis

Read Chapter 12 from A Student’s Grammar of the English Language by Greenbaum and Quirk and answer
the following questions.

1. What is the difference between substitution and ellipsis?




2. What is recoverability?




3. Which three types of coverability do you know?




4. What is the difference between reference and co-reference? Add two examples!




5. Which pro-forms for noun phrases and their constituents do you know?





6. What is ellipsis? What are the requirements for the strict ellipsis?




7. Which three recoverability types of ellipsis do you know?




8. What is the difference between anaphoric and cataphoric ellipsis? With which type of ellipsis is
it connected? Present you own examples!




9. What is an appended clause? Add at least one example!




10. Which pro-forms for clauses and clause constituents do you know?




11. Which positional categories of ellipsis can you distinguish?