4    nOJTHbIE H KPATKME OOPMbl
KAHECTBEHHbIX HMĚH O^OST/Of nPHJIArATEJIbHMX
KaMecTBCHHbie npn.iaraiejibHbie. 3a Heôo.ibiiiHM HcmilOHeHHe.m, Bbicrynaior B IIO.1H0H n KpaTKOii ())opMC, iiaup.:
xo.iodubiu -xo.wdeu, npeKpaamu - npexpacen, .weeudapitbiú - nezendapen, Kpacwuii - Kpaciifí, p.'iy6oKUti - pjiyôoK. cmpamumi - cmpauwH h AP-
4.1   nOJIHbIE OOPMbl KAHECTBEHHbIX ľ! PHJTArATEJIbHWX
1) KaHecTBciinwe npHJiaraTejibHbie b noJiHOfi ())opMe o6oinaMajor n octom h h i> i ii npinitaK npc íMcia. iianp.:
On eeceihiu (oh Bcerzia TaKoň).
2) Ohh ckjiohhiotch, ii3\ieHHioTCíi no pojaiu, MHCJiaM h iia.ioKavi.
3) no^Hbie KanecTBeHHbie npn.iaraTCJibHbie OTBenaiOT Ha Bonpocbi:
KOKOU? KOKOU? KOKOS? KOKUe?.
4) ripH nojiHbix (j)opMax ynoTpeÔJiHiOTCfl KaHecTBeiiHbie onpeae.iHTe.iH kokou, mámit. Hanp.:
Tokoh KpacueaH deevuiKCi! Cp. nemcKoe: Taková krásná dívka!
5) B lipcMO'/KĽIIIlll (Cp. CHHT3KCHHeCKHe e/lHlIHHbl - 4/lCHbl npe;u10>KeHHH) ohh
BwcTvnaiOT b pojin:
a) opejcjiemiH, Hanp.:
Ham Kpaciifíbiú eopod h oueHb ntoo.iw. H npotuman uiimepecnyio Kitmy. 6) hmchhoh načni cKaíyeiMoro (cocTaBiioro hmchhoio CKa3yeMoro co cbjbkoh / 6e3 CBH3KH) h coi jiacyioTCH c cymecTBHre^bHbíM b poje, siicjie n naaewíe, íianp.:
3mom popod KpaewMŮ. 3ma KHUza uumepecnax. Heóo nacMxpnoe. BttUKůJl - Kpacueoe 03epo. Ka6KU3CKue eopbi - Kpacuebie.
6) riojiiiLie 4)opMti qauj,e HCnoJlKíyiOTCfl b pan oKopiioM CTH.ie peiH.
He Bce KaMeciBeiiHbie npujiaraTejibHbie wvieioT KpaTKyio (|>opMy. Hanp.: zoJiyOoů, neeuit, omcmcvibiů, npedamejibCKUU, 3ÔopoeeHHbiú h ap.
KpaTKVK) (j)op\iy KaKecTBenHbix npHJiaraTejibHbix He o6pa3yioT, t. e. Kpancux <j)op\i .iiiuiciii.i:
a) MHorne npn.iaraTenbHbie, KOTopwe o6o3HaiiaK3T HBer. Hanp.: po306NU, MaiuHoebiú. cupeHeebiů, KOfpeůiibiů;
6) npHjiaraTejibHbie. KOTopue o6o3HaHaioT Maci h aíiiBOTHbix, Hanp.:
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6yjianuü, öoponou, eitedoü; b) hmchü npHjiaraTenbHbie c ymchi.iiih i e.ibiibivm, jiacKa re.ii.u\amii,
y BC.1 h h ht&l b h bl M H c\ <J)(j)ll KCUMII. Hill ip.:
j.'noi/iuii. 3dopoeeHHbiü, y.\tHeHbKitü; r) npHJiaraTejibHbie, Koropue o6pa30BajiHCb h3 o i hoch i c. i i> i i i i \ hjiii ot rjiaro.ia (3to npHJiaraTejibHbie c cy(j)(j)HKcaMH -ck-, -ob-, -ji-, -h-), Hanp.:
uejioeeuecKuü, dpyjfcecKuü, nepedoeou, de.ioeoü, 3apope.ibiü, ycmcuibiü,
pa3.iu6nou, Hadyeuoü h np.; jx) KpaTKHe 4)opMbi yTpaTMJiH o i ie.ihiihic npHJiaraTejibHbie /ipeBiieií mu o ii|x)nc\(»Kjciin>i. Miiome H3 hmx hmciot HcnpoH3BoaHbie ocHOBbi, Hanp.:
oojibiuoü, neetnú, npwibiů, pbHuuit, panmiu, noadmac, e) npHJiaraTejibHbie Ha -imecKiiň, Hanp.:
KOMUuecKüü, ucmopunecKuü. mpapwecKuü; >k) npHJiaraTejibHbie npimacTHoro iipoiic\u>K,iciinii. naiip.:
ôbifíuiuu, MUHyeuiuii: i) KawecTBeHHbie npHJiaraTejibHbie b coctubc ycToííMHBbix coiei a mni h TepiviHHOB, Hanp.:
jfcußaßi npupoda, pjjyxoü3ßyK, pjiyôoKuu mbn, CKopcm noMOU^b, CKopuu
noe3d, OKudKue mena; h) npHJiaraTejibHbie óojibiuou u mu wiii>kuíi. BMecTo hhx Hcnojib3yiOTca KpaTKne (})opMbi iipnjiaraTejibHbix bcjihkhh h Majibin:
ôo.ibiuou, eenuKuú - oejiuK, eejiuna, ee.iuKO, ee.iuKU
ManeubKuu, Maiwü - Mai, Mana, mwio, moju.
4.2  KPATKHE OOPMbI KAHECTBEHHblX nPHJlArATEJlbHblX
1) KaHecTBCHHbie npHJiaraTejibHbie b KpaTKoň (|)opMe o6o3HaHaiOT iienocTOíiHUbrii upil 5I1UK iipe.'iMeia. iianp.:
Oh eeceji (3H3mht, cennac, b jjaHHbin momcht - 3HaiieHHe BpeivieHHoro npHiHaKa, HenocTOíiHHoro).
2) B coBpeMeHHOM pyccKOM H3biKe KpaTKne npHJiaraTejibHbie He ckjiohíhotch, ohh n i mc n w i<) i ch no po.iaM h h n c. ia\i. Hanp.:
ydmumenen - ydmume.ibna - yduaume.ibHO - ydueume.ibHbi; ejiyôoK - pjiyôoKa - pJiyóoKO - pjiyôoKu.
3) KpaTKne KanecTBeHHbie npHJiaraTejibHbie oTBenaioT Ha Bonpocbi:
KQK06? KÜKOea? KÜK060? KÜKOßbl?.
4) npH K'paTKHX <j)OpMax ynOTpeOJlJHOTCfl o6c i ovi i e.ii.c i ueiiiibie oiipe .le.'in I cm
KUKoii, maKoü, Hanp.:
3ma deeyuiKa maK Kpacuea! Cp. neiucKoe: Ta dívka je tak krásná!
5) B iipe i.i<»Kcimii (cp. CHHTaKCHMecKHe eij.HHHUbi — HJieHbi npe.uJi05KeHHíi) ohh BbinojiHíiioT (j)yHKUHio HMcHnoH HíiCTH CKa3yeivioro (cocTaBHoro HMeHHoro CKa3yeMoro co cbjbkoh / 6e3 cbh3kh), KpaTKne npHJiaraTejibHbie coiviacyioTCH c cymecTBHTe-ibHWM (no/yreHcamuM) b po/ie h nncjie, Hanp.:
Tbl ôopam, h (men b ôeden.
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BeuepoM Ham popod (ôbiJi/ôydem) xpacw. Vmpo.u pena (Cm.m/6ydem) ocoöeuHO Kpacuea. Jemo.M O3epo (6bi:w öydem) Kpacueo. 3iL\tou copbi (ôbi.iw'ôydym) ocoóenno xpacuebi. 3ma KHwa unmcpccnasi. BaiiKcui - Kpacueoe o3epo. KuGKü3CKue popu - KpacMbie.
Titxa mopj/cecmecHHan HOHb. Cp. qciucKoe: Tichá je slavnostní noc. • KpaTKiie (})opMbi oonbuje npncymn khhvkiiom\ h, b nacTHOCTH. bojbuluchhu-uniiecKO!viy ctii.ik) pe>m.
HeKOTopwe HM6H3 npHJiaraTcnbHbie ynoTpeôJiflKvrcH TOJibKo b icpa i koü +opMC. K h hm othochtch:
a) npM.iararejibHbiepad, Hadoóeii, dojoicen, oóman, euHoeam h jp.. Hanp.:
H pad (h pada, mn padbi) nodapKy.
Oh do.weH omo cde.iamb.
Kmo eunoeam e mo.\t, wio c.iyvuiocb?
}J oöftiaH fíbino.iHumb jmu nupyncimt:. ó) KanecTBeHHbie npM.iaraxejibHbie b cocTaBeycroiÍMiiBbix co«icTaHHH. Hanp.:
ôyôbme doópbi, óydbtne Juoôe3Hbi, óydbme ocmopovciiN. ôydbme
3dopoGH, hu ;Mcua ne Měptm (om cmpaxaj. coeecmb moh uucma, dopop
Kaotcdbiu vac, pvKU ícopomicu, eonpoc nceu.
Mc/Kiy no. i h i.i \i n h k-p a i khmh (popiviaMii npn.iaraTejibHbix b pa^e cjiynaeB M6.iK>aaeTCfl CMbicioBoe pauinmie. ecjín 3a KpaTKon (popMoň 3aKpenHjiocb xxx. h h ec Koe 3HaHeHHe, otjimhhoc ot JieKcnnecKoro 3HaiieHH5i nojiHoň popití u, Hanp.:
xopoiua (b 3H3HCHHH KpacHBa, npcjiecTua): A kuk xopoma, ôoj/ce.\toú\
n.iox (b 3HaneHHM öojien): Oh oneub wiox, unopda 3UPoeapueaemcH.
po.i f b 3i-iaH6HMH KpaňHe 6e.aeH): On pojí kuk coko.i.
óypeH (b 3HaneHHH HeKpacHß): Kok oh ôypeH, yoičúcl
B KanecTBe CKa3yevioro moíkho ynorpeÔHTb no.myio h.ih Kparicyio (jmpiwy i.iai aic.ibHoro.
11 o. i na vi (|)op\ia \Ka3biBaeT Ha nocToaHHbiií npiuiiaK npe^MeTa h.ih Ha ■pH3HaK npciMcia boooiuc.
Iv'pa i kau (popvia oöbiMHO vKa3biBaeT Ha Bpc.MenubiH npH3HaK npeuMera h.ih na npM3HaK npe^Mda no othoujchhk) k onpe^encHHOMV jihuv, npexiMeTy hjih Me.iemibiM oocTOHTcnbCTBaM, nan p.:
Hama Iipuna - Kpacueasí.
(3HaneHHe - Bcer^a)
Mou omeu - hciogck 3dopoet>iú.
Beuepuee mambe y mchh dnuunoe. 3mu myíp.iu - ôo.ibuiue. 3mu aodOHKU - MCLieubKue.
Kiapa ôbhia avepa ouenb Kpacuea. (3HaweHHe - TOJibKo BMepa Ha KOHuepTe) Mean 6w.7 euepa 3Ôopoe, a cepodna oh Oo.ich.
3mo mambe ôbno ôjiuhho Hamáme. MauuHM myip.iu deeowe eejiuxu. 3mu nodouKU xiue .xtaiN.
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CthjiMCTMneeKH iio.iHbie npii.iaraiejibHbie hocht koiici a i np\ lonntii h oniicn i e. 11,ubi ii xapaicrep, a KpaTKiie npn. lai a re. ibHbie - 3Kcnpecctf BHbiii, yen. in i e. i i.i 10-on c hum n i.i i i hjih mo .ia.ii.ni.iii xapaicrep.
4.3   OBPA30BAHHE KPATKHX OOPM
KAHECTBEHHblX ITPMJIArATEJIbHblX
KpaTKHe (j)opMbi o6pa3yioTca ot nojiHbix KaHccreciiHbix npn.iai aicmmax
nyrěM npncocnnHernia poaoBbix h hhcjiobmx OKOHMaHHH.
EAMHCTBCHHOe MHCJIO				M H05KeCTBCH Hoe HHCJIO (AjIH BCCX pOÄOB)
My>KCKoň poa		CpeAHHM poix	)KeHCKHH poA	
HyjieBoe OKOHMaHHe		-o/-e	-a/-a	-bl/-H
MOJlOflOH	MOJIOA	MOJIOÄO	MOJioaa	MO/lOAM
CBOKMM	C BOK	CBOKO	cBeaca	CBOKH
myooKMH	rjiyöoK	rjiyöoKo	r/iv6oKa	my 60 km
CHHHH	CHHb	CH He	CHHH	CMHM
Ocoöbie cjivMaH:
ôo.ibuiou - ee.iuK - eenma - eenuKO ~ eejiUKu MíiJieiibKUÚ - Man - mujio-mojio — mojim h j\p.
Eer.ibie naetibie «o» h «e» b <)>opivie MyaccKoro po;ia cmHCTBeimoro MHCJia KpaTKHX npn.ia i a K'.ibiibix:
l\ pa i kasi (|)op\ia iipn.iai a it. ibHbix B \i\ kckom p<» tc He HMeei oKoii'iannii.
Ecjih npH yrpaTe OKomamu o6pa3yK)Tca ipyjpio npoH3HOCHMbie (J)opMbi (y3Kuu -y3K, ôojibHou - ôojibH, ôediibiu - 6edn), to Meacay noc;ie,HHHMH abyma comacHbiMH noflBJiJieTCii TaK Ha3MBaeMbiH Ger.naß rjiacHbiň «o» hjih «e».
«o» nepejx «k»	V3KUÚ - y30k (y3kü. V3KO, )>3KU) KopomKuü - KopomoK (Kopomxa, KopomKO, Kopomnu) HpKUU - npoK (npKO, HpKO, npKu)
«e» iiepc.i «h»	HyjfCHbiü - HyotCdH (uyMcna, uymno, nyo/CHbi) tnpydubiü - mpyden (mpydna, mpyduo, mpydubi) CWIMlblÜ - CWIÍH (cUJlbHO, CWlbHO, CWlbHbl) ÔOJlbHOÚ - OOJieH (ÓOJlbHO, ÔOJlbHO, ÔOJlbHbl)