4 nOJIHME H KPATKME OOPMbl KAHECTBEHHMX HMĚH G^OSTA^ ITPHJIArATEJTbHblX KaMecTBCHHbie npii.iara icibiibie, 3a Heôo.ibiiiHM ncKJiřOHeHne.M, BbicrynaioT b iio.iiioií n Kpa iKoii (JxipMc. Hanp.: xo.iodHbiú -xo.iodeH, npeKpaomu - npehpacen, .iependapnNÚ - .lepeudapeu, KpacitGbiú - xpaciifí, pjiyôoKuú - eayôoK, cmpCttUHHŮ - cmpauieu n ap. 4.1 nOJIHbIE OOPMbl KAHECTBEHHbIX nPHJTArATEJIbHbIX 1) KaMecTBCHHbie npnjiaraTe.ibHbie b nojiHofi ())opMe oóoiHaMaioT nocioíiinibiii npit3HaK npeflMCTa, Hanp.: On eecčihiú (on Bcenia TaKofi). 2) OHM CKJIOHfllOTCH, H3MeHHK)TCH no |>(l k1m. MHCJiaM ii 11 a,1 C'/Ka vi. 3) no.iHbie KanecTBeHHbie npn.iaraTCJibHbie OTBewaiOT Ha Bonpoci.i: KOKOU? KOKOH? KdKOe? KOKUe?. 4) ripH no.iHbix 4>opMax ynoTpe6ji$noTCfl KanccTBeiiHbie onpeae.iHTe.in kokou, moKOÚ, Hanp.: Taxon Kpacuean deeyuiKa! Cp. newcKoe: Taková krásná dívka! 5) B npci-iojKemiH (cp. CHHTaKcnwecKMe eAHiiHUbi - kíichw npe>uio>kchhh) ohh BbiciynaiOT b pojin: a) opejcjiemiH, Hanp.: Haui KpacutíbiÍ4 eopod h o^enb jik)6jk>. H npomtman unmepecHyio mwy. 6) hmchhoii nacTH CKaiyeMoro (cocraBnoro hmchhoio cKa3yeMoro co cbh3kom / 6e3 cbh3kh) h couiacvioTCH c cyiuecTBiirejibHbíM b poje, HHCJie n najevk-e, nanp.: 3mom popod Kpac wímú. 3ma KHU2Q uumepecHOJi. Heóo nac.vypnoe. EauKcvi - Kpacueoe 03epo. KaeKU3CKue eopbi - Kpacuebie. 6) riojniLie 4>opMi»i iiame ncnorib'*yKvrcfl b panoBopiiovi CTii.ie peHH. He Bce Ka'iecTBcinibie npii.iuiiiie.ibin.ic wvieioT KpaTKyio (popMy. Hanp.: eonyôou, necuii. omcma/ibiů, npedame.ibCKUu, 3ÔopoeeHHbiii m ap. KpaTKVK) (j)opviy KaKecTBeHHbix npHJiaraTejibUbix He oópa3yjoT, t. e. KpaTKiix (j)op\i .iiimeiibi: a) MHorne npn.iaraTenbHbie, Koropbie oôojnaMaKn unci. nanp.: p0306UÍi, M0JlUH06blÍ1, cupeneeuú, KOfpeŮllblÚ; 6) npHJiaraTeJibUbie. KOTopue o6o3Ha4aiOT luacrn aciiBOTHbix, nanp.: 29 čyjiciHbiů, eoponou, eiiedoú; b) HMCHa npHJiaraTenbHbie c vmchkiuh i eJibiibíMH, .íacKarejibHbíMH, \ ue.iiiMii ie.ibiibíMH cyi. MnoíHe M3 hhx hmciot HenpoH3BoaHbie ocHOBbi, Hanp.: óojibiuoú, Jieetnú. npwiMu, pbHnuú, paumiu, no3ÓHUů\ e) npHnaraTe-ibHbje Ha -iihcckiih, Hanp.: KOMUuecKau, ucmopunecKuu. mpa?uvecKuú; >k) npHjiaraTejibHbie npiiHacmoro nponcxoHcueiiHH, nanp.: óbiauiuu, MUHyemuu\ _ 3) KanecTBeHHbie npHJiaraTe.ibHbie b cocTaBe ycToříMHBbix eooc 1 aintii h lepiviHHOB. Hanp.: Dtcueax npupoda, ziyxou jcvk, pjtyóoKuu mbi.i, CKopan no.uoiub, CKopbiů noe3Ó, o/cuÓKue mena; _ h) npHJiaraTejibHbic óojibiuoú u AtajieubKuú, bmccto hhx Hcnojib3>K)Tca KparKMe (})opMbi npn/iaraTejibHbix bcjihkhh h Majibiň: Oo.ibuwů, eenuKuú - oenuK, oenuKa, ee.iuKO, ee.iunu ManeHbKuú, Maibiu ~ moji. Mana, Mano, Manu. 4.2 KPATKHE I KAHECTBEHHbIX nPMJlArATEJlbHbIX 1) KaHecTBCHHbie npnjiaraTejibHbie b KpaTKoň (j)op.Nie o6o3HanaK)t HenocTOHHHbiň upit maic 11 [>e i\ie 1 a. nanp.: Oh eecen (3H3mht, cennac, b /jaHHbin momcht - 3HaMeHHe BpeMeHHoro npHiHaKa, HenocTOHHHoro). 2) B coBpeMeHHOM pyccKOM H3biKe KpaTKHe npHiiaraTejibHbie He ckjiohhiotch, ohh 11 ímciihio 1 ch no po. um 11 hne.ia\r. Hanp.: ydmumenen - ydueume.ibHa - yduaume.ibHo - ydueume.ibHbi\ ejiyóoK - ejiyóoKa - ejiyóoKO - ejiyóom. 3) KpaTKHe KanecTBeHHbie npnjiaraTe;ibHbie OTBenaKyr Ha Bonpocbi: KOKOS? KOKOSŮ? KOKOSo? KOKOSbl?. 4) FIpH KpaTKHx (}>opMax ynoTpeojiaiOTCfl o6cTOHTe/ibCTBennbie onpeiciinciii kokou, maKoú, Hanp.: 3ma deeyuiKa mctK Kpacuea! Cp. weuiCKoe: Ta dívka je tak krásná! 5) B lipe KIO>KeHHH (cp. CHHTaKCHMeCKHe e/J.HHHUbl — HJieHbl npe^io5KeHH5i) OHH BbinojiHflioT (j)yHKUHK3 iimchhoíí HacTH CKa3yeivioro (cocTaBHoro HMeHHoro CKa3yeM0ix) co cbjbkoh /6e3 cbíbkh), KpaTKHe npHJiaraTejibUbie coiviacyioTCH c cymecTBHTejibHbíM (no/moKaiiiHM) b po^e h HHCJie. Hanp.: Tbt 6o?am, h ovenb óeden. 30 Bevepo.u uam eopod (6bui/6ydem) Kpacue. VmpoM pcKa (otíuia/óydem) ocoóenno Kpacuea. JlemoM o3epo (6bi:w dydem) Kpacueo. 3il\iou copbi (6bi.iii/6ydym) ocoóenno Kpacuebi. lina Kuwa unmepecnan. BaÚKaji — Kpacueoe o3epo. KmKti3CKue eopbi - xpacuebie. Titxa tnopjicecmeennasi uovb. Cp. qciucKoe: Tichá je slavnostní noc. KpaTKne (})opMbi óonbuje npncyinn khhíkhom) m, b wacTHocTH, bojbuluchho- nOlTHHeCKOMV cth.1k) pcill. HeKOTopbie HMCHa npHJiaraTcnbHbie ynoTpeó;i5iK>TCH TOJibKo b Kpa ikoíí +op.Me. K hhm othochtch: _ a) npM.iararejibHbiepflť), nadoóen, do.oicen, oó»3an, euHoeam h ap.. Hanp.: pad (h pada. mn paóbi) nodapKy. On do.weH omo cdejiamb. Kmo eunoeam e mo.m, umo cxyvwtOCb? }J oÓH3au fíbino.mumb jmu nupynemut. 6) KanecTBeHHbie npH.iaraTejibHbie b cocTaBe ycToiÍHHBbix coHCTamiň. Hanp.: óydbme óoópbi, óydbme Jiioóe3Hbi, óydbme ocmopo.vcuN. óydbme 3Óopoobi, nu ;mcu(í ne .xiépme (om cmpaxa), coaecmb .ston micma, óopop Kaoicdbiu Mac, pyKU KopomKu, eonpoc nceu. Meacny no.iiiiiimii n k|wikhmii (pop.viaMii npn.iaraTejibHbix b pa^e cnyqaeB M6.iioaaeTCfl CMbiciOBoe paiJiimne. ec.in 3a KpaTKon (popMoň 3aKpenHjiocb jCKCHHCCKoe 3HaMeHne, OTJiMHHoe ot JieKCHMecKoro 3Ha4eHH« nojiHoň c))opMbi, Hanp.: xopowa (b 3HaHeiiHH KpacHBa, npcjiecTna): A kok xopoma, óootce \toii\ n.iox (b 3HaHennM 6ojien): On onenb wiox, uuoeóa 3a,"oeapueaemcH. čo.i (b 3iiaHeHHH KpaňHe oejieH): On po.i kuk cokoji. óypeH (b 3HaiieHHH HexpacMB): Kok on óypen, y.y/cac! B KanecTBe CKa3yeivioro mojkho ynorpe6HTb no.myio h.ih Kpa i k\ io (j)opMy r M.iai aie.ibHoro. I lo.inasi (|)o[i\ia VKa3biBaeT Ha nocTOflHHbifi npn snaic npcavieTa h.ih na ■pmnaK npcivieia boooiuc. KpaTKaa (popvia o6biHno >Ka3biBaeT Ha Bpc.MenubiH npn3HaK npejviera hjIH na npM3HaK npcaMda no otholuchhk) k onpe^eneHHOMy ;iHuy, npe/weTy mjih íje.iěmibíM oocTOHTe/ibCTBavi, Hanp.: Hama Hpuna - vpačuBQJL (3HaneHHe - Bcer^a) Mou omeif - hciogck 3Óopoebiu. Beuepnee n.iambcy .\tenn d.nuwwe. 3>nu my(pju - óo.ibmue. 3mu lodoMKU - Ma.ienbKue. Kiapa óbua evepa ouenb Kpacuea. (3HaweHHe - TanbKo BMepa Ha KOHuepTe) lieau dbi.3 enepa 3Óopoe, a ceeodusi on óo.ien. 3mo maňme 6bi.no ÓMOtHO Hamáme. Momuun my en.m i e.ii.iio-oiiciinMiii.iii inu Mo.ia.ii.iii.iii xapaicrep. 4.3 OBPA30BAHHE KPATKHX 4>OPM KAHECTBEHHbIX FIPMJIArATEJIbHblX KpaTKHe (j)opMbi oopa3yioTC« ot iio.mbix KaMCCTBCiiHbix npu.iai a i e.ibiibix nyTěM npHCOeAHHeHMJl pOAOBbIX H HHCJIOBbLX OKOHMaHHH. Eahhctbchnoe mhc.io M HOJKeCTBCH Hoe 4HCJ10 (ah» bccx pOAOß) My)KCKOH po a CpeAHMM poA ^CeHCKHH pOA HyjieBoe 0K0HH3Hne -o/-e -a/-a -bl/-H MO/IOAOH M oji OA mojioao MOJIOAa mojioam c bok 11 ří c BOK CBOKO cBeaca CBOKH MyÖOKHH rjiyöoK rjiyôoKo rjiyooKa rjiyöoKM CUHHM CHHb C H HC CH Hfl CMHM Ocoöbie ciynaH: ôojibuiou - eejiux - ee.nuKa - eenuKO - eejiuKU MCUieilbKUÜ - Mai - MCVia-MWlO -MCL'lbl H AP- Bei Jiue i .lacHi.ie «o» h «e» b >KCKoro po la c.ume i bciimoi o 'inc. m KpaTKHX lipu. m i a ic.ii.iii.í \: K pa i Kan (j)opMa npifJiai a i c. ibnux b \i\ vkckom po ic He iimcci oKoiinauu ii. Ecjih npH yrpaTe OKOimaHHi? o6pa3yK>tch TpyAno npoH3HOCHMbie (j)opMbi (y>3Kuů-y3K, öojtbHoü - óo.ibu, 6ediibiů - 6ed»), to MewAy noc;ieAHHMH abvmji corjiacHbiMH nojiB.njieic5i TaK na3biBaeMbiň Geyibiö i .mciibiii «o» h.iii «e». «o» nepcA «k» V3KUÚ - V30K (V3KCI, V3KO, \'3KU) KopotrtKuit - KopomoK (Kopomna, Kopomxo, KopottiKu) ftpKuii - npoK (npKa, npKO, nprni)_ «e» nepeA «w» HyjtCHNU - liyJKVH (uVMCHCt, UyJfChO, UyjfCHbl) mpydhbiů - mpydeH (mpydua, mpydHO, mpydim) CWIbHblÚ - ClLlěH (cWlbHÜ, CWIbHO, ClLlbHbl) ÔOJlbHOÚ - UOjeH (ÓOJlbHU, ÔQ.lbHO, ÔO.lbHbl) _