12. i First practice, D on £onS odd box ox sock 12.2 Later practice, d hog shot hot wrong hollow contrary {vppos'n hop knob olive conference top hovel wander promise chop cock watchful proverb clock snob wallow doctor gone wash swallow concoct shone wasp squander probable rob want squalid obstacle knock what quantity obstinate novel squash quality dispositive rot squabble constant commodity mock watch aquatic hobgoblin grovel wan soft waddle soften squat often quaff moss trough got cough god T A S K 2 Say /d/ 2a Listen, and say the things Johnny has to do. Shopping list 6 oranges borne of milk tfrtshcloth Coffee, box of werteres pot of horteu a:/D 13. i First practice, a arms, alms art arch charm starve hard Star car heart, hart palm psalm ask last fast pass glass laugh papa sergean r Derby 13.2 Later practice, a marmalade farthing rhubarb parson laughter carpet drama panorama bargain debar disaster alas mark, marque charred dart barn scarred martyr far bar hearth calm balm, barm mask, masque past, passed clasp grass draught, draft mama clerk draughtsman retard commander remark department remand compartment Mar mad u ke aha! regarding exasperating aghast 3 don. a 'don a tart a tot 9 'ta:t a 'tDt fe^.^uwuiAiUm\i.....ife^^ajii^i^wlMíJiltilkliů This cross-country runner is last. | This cross-country runner is lost J 'ÖI5 .krDs-'kAntri /Ansriz 'Io:st | 'öis, kros-,kAntri . rAnar 12 'lost J \J U: Practice 1 Listen and repeat: sound 1 sound 1 t^ <^p look Luke pull pool full fool foot boot mm^m This foolish, bookish Duke | is too full | of good food | to move | a foot [ 3is 'fuilij 'bukij 'dju;k | iz 'tu: 'fol I av 'gud 'fu:d | ta 'mu:v j 3 "fut | TASK 1 Distinguish "between /u:/ and (u( 1.1 Listen, and practise the difference. fool pool Luke full pull look boot foot food good tool wool 1.2 1.3 Listen to the words on the cassette. Write the words you hear. Listen to these quotations*. Which sound is in the words underlined - /u:/ or Jv/1 A good book is the precious life blood of a master spirit (Milton) No sun - no moon! No morn - no noon.....November! (Hood) A fool and his money are soon parted, (proverb) I could not love thee (Dear) so much, Lov'd I not honour more. (Lovelace) Beauty is truth, truth beauty. (Keats) I like work.....I can sit and look at it for hours. (Jerome K, Jerome) I was a stranger and you took me in. (The Bible) Test CtfiM* hc,\. Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: i a) look; b) Luke Uofc/Uil«, í w*ltjeu,-Í0 2 a) full; b) fool Í *^/h^S "fcU./* {oal ■ 3 a) pull, b) pool Tte ti^fc 0« títô <£c* &ti4 *M£/%[L] 4 a)fullish; b) foolish irH> TKflť* c fuUtsVfôclish dfit$<>> T A S K 4 Say /u:/ and juj 4.1 Listen, and say these phrases. a foolish book good food a rude cook a wooden spoon blue wool a full pool Ü3 TR] H j J y E u g tah Precunei atíoK HUstmted/ OJ? a skua e 'skjua a duel e 'djual a poor curate e 'pua 'kjuarat •a dour, cruel, furious boor e 'dua 'krual 'fjuarias 'bua curious tourists | with their courier I 'kjuanas 'tuansts | wiööea 'kuaria | A lurid mural | is sure to lure | curious tourists | a 'ljuarid 'mjuaral | 13 'Jua ta 'ljua | 'kjuanas 'tuansts a lurid mural a 'ljuarid "mjuara! 20.1 - 20.3: ua 20.1 First practice, poor ua dual, due! 0 0 sure steward tour doer, dour « fuel brewer £1 pure fewer t moor ' truer lure skewer cure newer sewer jewel sr <4j 20.2 Later practice ua manual furious conjure (imp/on obscure curious allure ~z: spurious mercurial injurious individual uľ reviewer casual endure residual í jury mural manure • rural ■2" mature luxurious 20.3 Reading matter, with ua frequent. The doctor wasn't sure that he could cure the poor steward of his obscure illness, but the attacks became fewer and fewer as time passed. The tourists were out on the moor when the coach ran out of fuel, which made them furious. The reviewer, who couldn't endure obscure poetry, claimed the poem was spurious. 'This beer's quite pure,' said the brewer, ' but we must let it mature, or else it'll be a poor brew.' The furious cooks fought a curious duel with skewers. Casual manual labour isn't injurious to the individual who can endure heavy work. Your roses need pure manure to make them mature. The jury were sure the poor man was innocent of stealing the jewels. These newer attractions are sure to lure the tourists. pua poor Juali surely fjuarias furious pjua pure Jua sure tuanst tourist pjuali purely injuarans insurance kjuariDsati curiosity kjua cure 0 CONNOR, J.Pv Wer h$$ú Tnmma^Cil^ All these words may also be pronounced with (oij instead of/ua/ in R.P.,/pa:, Ja:, kja:/, etc. Other words, like fewer, bluer, continuous, are also usually pronounced with /ua/ - f jua, blua, kantinjuas - though they can always be pronounced with /u:a/-fju:a, blura, kantinju:as -and in any case they must not be pronounced with /a:/. This is also true for cruel mdjeteel which must have either /ua/ or /u:a/. Repetition Exercise: Are you sure that you can endure this tour? I assure you it is pure wool* What can t be cured, must be endured. It s curious how poor they are. They are mature enough to know the dangers of the moor« Fewer Tiewera watch these curious programs, I assure you. TRIfl, J-, Engfok JVowunuctftoh ILLusUotccf CljP au iKřtttWHnWISA a goat a 'gaut an overcoat an 'auvakaut poached eggs on toast 'pautft 'egZDn 'taust an old coastal boat sn 'auld 'kaustal 'baut Joe 'd3au Joan | is combing | her golden hair | Joe has a noble, Roman nose | 'd33un | rz'kaumitj lai'gauldan 'hea | 'djau hieza'naubl'rauman 'nsuz | D Joe | and Joan | go for a stroll. | Joe | shows Joan his roses | 'd33u | an 'd3aun | 'gau far a 'strauí | 'd33u | 'Jauz 'd3aun iz 'rauziz | Joan | won't go home j alone, | so Joe goes home j with Joan | 'd33un | 'waunt ,gau 'haum j a'íaun I sau 'd3au ,gauz 'haum | 'wiö ,dj3un | ___i. O c ■ r^ CD „, +j W) M cd C ^í »It "a ť co g .5 "3 ►? g m B —* /-• d co co oO ^ S 5 * Cß o B S«« M CC! CO o> -*-; oj l-i CO N o> o O -S . u «ä P 13 * en •> —J -U . "H O ej ä>^ 'g 2 8 O d) oí m ffi H H M M ^ CO rG Q ŕ o «C O-- O O C3 O -t-> +J CO Ä S O cd X CO CO l ľ-* * 2 CD ^3 » -íj G > a TJ 0 CD (2 « w cd p ä co 0) .£ a cd Ü Be o M O co 00 0* 'S o .u m OJ O as CO q ■■so CD Ž Í« CD £S CJ XJ O Cß Repetition Exercise: Row slowly, the boat is low- He wrote a note and then folded those old envelopes. Go slowly along this road, there are many holes in it» Show me those old odes you own. She sold the brooch, though it was so old. Open the door and go home. Don't go over those stones. Mr. So and So knows a lot of jokea. 'No go'area, no post by land or ocean. He went to mow a meadow. (MíľNHARD/Zv A Hö*i4Wök of f. Piwvutfics, UKft*l$ 2 z, "o r" u 3 c- cd O ® -W t« So -2 O O ft > +J S^ 8 CD H CO t- J3 1° o O ^ co U: H co -a c ■-n CO CC n tfl "~' ■■■: n *J 0 hf ■J c (J H 0 D !>i M O 2 "c X * U ai r> o f) O CC ■ C3 '3 § ŕg bD >> ■ — ,2 3 § w "S .5 ^ o S. c C bo * cd S 3 ■—> S p o co a > ^ a *> fö *» 5 Ill sound 1 sound 2 sheep ship bean b i 2.5 Word-contrasts with i and eat it scat sit leek lick cheeks chicks seen,scene sin feel fill steal, steel still meal mill heal, heel, he'll hill peal, peel pill wheel, weal, we'll will neat knit keel kill bean, been bin tea! till wheeze whiz peach pitch seek sick teak tick leak, leek lick read,reed rid weak, week wick heap hip peat pit feat, feet fit seep sip leap lip each itch wheat wit bead bid beat, beet hit heed hid ease is reap n p leave live {verb) eel ill peak, pique, pick peek, peke deep dip meat, meet, mete mitr sleep Klip kneel nil greed grid beach, beech birch green grin treacle trickle sheep cheap,cheep cheek ship chip chick bream brim sleek slick sheen shin greet fleet grit flit rVäit a mill reason risen reek rick deem dim seat sit keen kin peep pip ream n m field filled fee d fid reel rill jean likes gin. | .. .but gin doesn't like Jean ! ] 'djim Jaiks '0)31 n | bat 'djin 'dAznt ,laik '4$il Sleepy Freda ] seeks size six slippers J to fit her feet j 'síi:pi 'fnids I (si:ks 'saiz 'siks 'slip3Z j ta 'fit ha: 'fi:t I Fish J and chips | are cheap and easy to ear J ■frj [ an 'tjips | a 'tji:p | and 'i:zi tu 'i:t [ I5.I - 154- '3 i 15.1 rirst practice, 1» cleared _2. tear (eye-water) rear near spear S ,(car beard v-s clear smear ^ dear, deer year C1- beer, bier leer i steer queer .2 sneer freer 4-* - is jeer seer, sear, sere ' £ cheer g«- 5 shear, sheer sphere § hear, here serious p^ weir, we're weird mere vT) '"^ ' -^7 ,-== 15.2 Later practice, IB s* merely mysterious ^ eerie appear ~§* revere nuclear 3^ dreary Julius ,-n queerly interior ^ India.-. exterior , "> delirious superior —- e,řPerkpce. inferior ĽJ salubrious interfere n ( endearing imperious ^ bleary series y. lugubrious cereal, serial ^ impious fearless 15.4 Reading matter, with 13 frequent. Don't put your beard in the beer, not even if it's near beer, which isn't real beer, and isn't dear. A scries of mysterious crimes, some serious, appears to have been committed near here, I fear. It's clear that some will cheer and others will jeer when the peer speaks. Though his eyes are bleary and his voice is queer, he's really a superior person with much experience, gained through years and years of serious study, not merely of theory, We're near the end of the year. After her dreary ordeal she was tearful but soon became cheerful. Me spoke the speech from King Lear in a clear voice, and the audience cheered and cried ' Hear, hear!' i Steer clear of the pier, dear. . Clear that rubbish out of here and don't nut it anywhere near. CNCONNOR, J.D., Sounds BirjUsk, Ufcgwa* T A S K 3 Say /is/ 3a Listen, and read out this letter. LEAKY BEER COMPANY 'Brewers of real beer for 70 years' 21 Clearwater Avenue, Bere Regis Mr A. J. Pierce, Pierce1» Detective Agency, 14 Steerforth Street, Bere Regis Dear Mr Pierce, V« have a serious problem here at Leary'a. Barrels of beer keep disappearing fro» the cellar. I fear ve have a thief here. It ia clear to ae that your experience would be valuable in solving these aysterious disappearances. Tours sincerely, 1 P. G. Leary Use information from the letter in 3a to complete the conversation below. Practise the conversation. MR pierce: Pierce's Detective Agency. Can I help you? MR leary: Good morning. My name is__________________—, from the_______________________________________Company. I fear we have a____.____.__________ problem. MR pierce: Oh dear. What appears to be happening? MR leary: Barrels of___________________are _——______- cellar. MR pierce: Has beer ever disappeared before? MR leary: No. The Leary Beer Company has been brewing __^_____________ for — _, and no beer has ever _____ from the before this It appears that we have a thief . It is clear that we need someone with your to solve these —__.__-___.____—__ v 17.1-17.5:.*» r_J 17.1 First practice, £3 ,0 ., Sounds EftftUtfc U^rnaHJ O'DRRCS FASHION and SPORTSWCRR HAIR CARE BY CLARE BLAIR'S CHAIR REPAIRS FAIR DEAL GROCERY FAIRFIELD CAR SPARES MARY'S DAIRY 2.£b Sarah went shopping. Listen, and say the things she said. 'I'd like some pears.' 'Could I have my hair cut?' 'Is there any oil?' 'Oh, I couldn't wear that!' Where's the milk, please?' This chair's broken.' I need a new spare tyre.' 2.2c Match the things Sarah said with the shops in 2.2a. e.g. She said 'I'd like some pears' in Carey's Fruit and Vegetables. 17.5 Reading matter, with to frequent. There, that's the square where the fair will b,e held. It'll be opened by the Mayor, who is already carefully preparing to do his share, It'll be a rare treat to sec him enter on a mare, wearing his chain of office. That's more than you'd dare 10 do, I'm prepared to swear. You'd be scared of riding on a mare to the fair. The heir took care to put out a chair for his uncle, who scarcely thanked him. Would you dare to go to the lair ofthat hairy bear? It's not fair to stare at Claire on the stairs. pór at the dress she, wearst for she's shy and doesn't care to be stared at. The agile hare avoided the snare, which didn't tear even a hair off him. I can't bear having my nails pared or my haircut. You should wear a pair of trousers-that will put up with wear and tear. Mr Clare has a flare for rare antiques. 6.1 First practice, i ■ 31 Listen and repeat abi a worm >. • v u.**tj.y BAKER; A, Tra or 7Wl C.UP It's early in the morning a bird in a warm nest Learn this proverb: 'IT'S THE EARLY BIRD THAT CATCHES THE WORM' SS2ÍJ hi j Listen and repeat: I, Pearl is a working girl. She gets up early. 2 Pearl's thirsty in the morning. .She puts on a short shirt and a long skirt. o m M z: LU 'O 6.2 Later practice, 3 t worship turnip surface journey murderer murdered earnest, Ernest murmuring merciful furnace squirming perjury infernal disturbing external worth worse worst earn.urn heard, herd tern,turn fir, fur Wgrd, whirred world, whirled colonel, kernel j>refcr 4 She walks to work at seven thirty. 5 Pearl arrives at work at eight thirty. It's the early bird that catches the worm! 6 She's the first person at work. 6.4 Reading matter, with iďrequent. Three surly early birds perched on a fir-tree in the early, pearly dawn. The first early bird said: * A worm! I heard an early worm stir in the earth!* Then the third early bird said:' Was the word "worm"?' And the first early bird, a surly bird, said: ' You heard, Ernest - the word n>as " worm ", I heard a worm squirm in the earth.' 'Nor, I hope, a furry worm. Curly ?*said [he third bird. 'Oh, no, not a furry worm but a firm pert worm, an early earthworm,' answered the first bird.' Yes, sír, it was a firm worm that turned in the earth. Such a worm is worth earning.* So the early birds stirred, deserted their perches, circled down to earth beneath the fir-tree and waited lor the first worm to stir up through the earth. Worm after worm turned in its earthly berth. The wormy earth seemed to to give birth to worms. Worm after worm learnt that early~b*Irds have an urge to earn their early worms. Worm after worm was murderously interred, interred in the persons of Ernest, Curly, and Bert. The merciless birds at last turned purple and burst. Ernest burst. Curly burst, and Ben burst. Early birds, surly birds, alt birds should learn to curb their urge for worms. Here is a brief list to show the sort of words that need special attention to their weakened syllables: shout 3'baut particular pa'tikjula arrive s'raiv permanent 'psimsnsnt machine ma'Jhn variety va'raiati Arab 'aerab breakfast 'brekfast madam 'maid am purchase 'pa:tjis beggar 'bSg3 forward 'fb:wad exact ig'zaekt palace 'paeíÍ5 serene si'rijn perform pa'fbrm silence 'sail ans tolerate 'tslsreit solemn 'sal 5 m movement 'muivmsnt camel 'kaemal harmony 'haimani commit ks'mit recognise 'reksgrtaiz police pa'lhs freedom 'fri.-dam lemon Memsn period 'pisrisd folget fa'get comfort 'kAmfat doctor 'dikta Oxford ■dfefad column 'bism illustrate 'ilastreit murmur 'maims surprise ss'praiz eaptffín 'kreptin m 0 n ey 'mAni fa mows 'feimas figure •fig3 To help pronounce English, they've designed for every sound a symbol. Bat there's one of them that's as hard to find as playing hunt the thimů/e. It isn't an 'o' and it isn't an 'a'. It's something in between. It appears when strong sounds move away. You know the one I mean. Let me then apostrophize this small and undistinguished sound, and in my verse immortalize Its homely contours, squat and round. Oh, weak, elusive lít tie schwa, loftevj wonder where you are! man, T A S K 1 Say /a/ in unstressed syllables' 1.1a Listen, and repeat. Make the stressed syllables strong, and the unstressed syllables weak and quick. Try again. Come along, Paul's a postman. Martha's a teacher. Michael's a policeman. Barbara's a pilot. A coloured picture. In all the unstressed syllables above, the sound /a/ is used. Notice that /a/ can be spelled in many ways. 1,1b Look again at the phrases in 1.1a. Find words where /a/ is spelled a, e, o, u. 1.2 Listen to these phrases, and mark the stressed syllables. Then practise the phrases; be careful to use /a/ in the unstressed syllables. Go away. Come again. Susan's a singer. Jill's a photographer. John and Michael are policemen. Brian's a bus conductor. A big adventure. BAKER Ann, Ship w Shop* CUP Barbara spent Sataday artanoon looking at a bea'jtifal book about South americs. 'I want ta go ta South americe,' she said ta haself. Tha next morning, when Barbara woke upit was six a'ciock, and ha brothas gnd sistas wa still asleep. Barbara looked at them, end closed har eyes again. Then she quietly got out ôf bed and started ta pack ha suitcase. She took same comfeteble clothes out ef the cupbad. She pecked a pair efbinoculGS and ha sista's camera. She packed a photograph af haself and one af ha mothar and fatha. 'I mustn't feget ta have same breakfast, she said te haself, Bat then she looked at tha clock. It was a quanta ta seven. 'I'll jest drink a glass ef wate/ she said, 'a glass ef wate/ she said. 'Wata,' she said, and opened har eyes. She was still in he bed, end he brothos end sistes ws laughing at he. Tell es what you we dreaming ebout,' they said ta he. Bat Barbare didn't answe. She wes thinking about ha wondeful journey te South emeries. Practice 2 Read this story aloud. The spelling has been changed to-show vou when to make the sound a. TRIM( J,y English Pronunciation lUustmted, tup a fashionable photographer a 'fcejanabl fa'tDgrafa an adventurous professor an ad'ventjaras pra'fesa ,111 iun.unir .isu'nio^cľ on '^mataf a'stroiadp ,i professional astronome a pra'fejanl o'stronumo Alderman Sir Edward Anderson | is a prosperous government official ] at the Treasury | bildaman sar'edwad 'lendasai | na'prDsparas 'gAvanmant a'fifl | at 5a 'tre3»n | The comfortable apartment | of Sir Edward | Anderson | at Aldcburgh ] öa 'kAinftabi a'paitmant | sv sar 'edwad | 'lendasan | at 'ttldbara | A professional burglar | has entered | the apartment | by a ladder j that was at the back | of the house | a pra'fejn! 'baigla | haz'entad [ öi a'paitmant [ bar a 'lada | oat waz »t öa 'back I sv fla 'naus 1 But an observant amateur | photographer | has focusscd a camera | on the burglar | and summoned a police-constable | bat an ab'z3:vant 'semata | fa'tDgrafa | haz 'faukast a 'kaemara | Dn öa 'baigls | and 'sAmand a pa'll:s-,kAnstabl | As the burglar leaves | there is .t policeman l3 (Í A at the bottom | of the ladder j ■d^:^u.'^3z. až öa 'b3:gl9 Ml:vz | flaz a pa'lhsman | at fla 'bDtam | av fla 'lasda | a- helped/I/have/? Havel hzLpecL? b. hamburgers/hate/eating/I/! i n/A bigail/here/hoovered/has/? d. Aunt Hannah/Alan Harbord/his/adores/. e. heart attack/had/Harriet Elston/old/a/. f. Helmut/Anna/hurriedly/about/asked/English/ homework/his/. g. overcoat/a/Arthur Harris/in/always/ handkerchief/his/has/. An old man is very ill and he goes into hospital to have an operation. He is very unhappy and afraid. When he arrives at the hospital a nurse gives him a bath. After the bath he is very happy and he says to the nurse, 'I was very afraid to have that operation but it didn't hurt me at all.* I'm Kawhqa horriHs hoiicdau here ! The. ho-HsJ is hug« and hiejh up on a hill. X hurt rmj h-eei and Viad "to ^o -to hospital. The vv^afc-Jners -too hot, 3nd T'rm huncjrLj. Harris q_Uite Happy, however í Next Summer, X shau Sta_y -at home. -Karrxj c-^f\ ^o cm holicXaj4 hut himaeíP. ■H isry ITis 4iarr«rfc. -Haríouo 28 -Harrow Road -Harrow on the -H'ill Mioldx En^ land The sound/h/ o o 'á ^ .5 —j > hole whole ghost j C behind vehicle exhibition 1 > hour who how j > rehearse childhood honest < [ heir inherit dishonest j where huge alcohol whisky hour what husband hairdryer whisper hungry hi-fi housewife honour whale horrible hospital (Jánky) who MACKENZIE, M. ilodem E&$Uk fro Kim&ia-fvni heat behave ?u^ii singular present tense of verbs,) (i) Pronounced iz after any of the following sounds: * « I 3 (j d3, place places pleis 'pteisiz cross crosses kos 'kr^siz circus circuses 'ss'.kss 'sa:kasiz Alice Alice's 'aelii 'aslisiz rose roses rour 'rouziz please p leases pli:z 'pli:ziz James James's d3eimz 'd3eimziz flourish flourishes •fUriJ 'fUriJii Raragc garages •gjera^ "gaera^ii fetch fetches fetj 'fetjiz manage manages 'm3cnid3 'm3:nid3iz carriage carriages rka;rid3 ,k?erid3iz < Ie<>rgc George's d3>:d3 'd33:d3iz (U) Pronounced z after a vowel or a voiced conson' (except *3<»3) employ employs im'pbi im'pbiz country countries 'kAOtri 'kAntriz know knows IIOU nouz re a tie r readers 'ri:d3 'ri:daz prefer prefers pri'fs: pri"fs:z colour colours 'ItAla 'kAlaz name names neim • neimz John John's d3?n d3^nz wave waves weiv weivz tell tells tel telz David David's / 'deivid 'deividz (iii) Pronounced s after a voiceless consonant (exc s J lj) cat cats kxt ksets take' takes tcik teiks laugh laughs la:f la:fi Edith Edith's 'Í:di8 'i:di9s -ed (Past form of verbs.) (i) Pronounced id after t and d. state stated steit 'steitid present presented pri'zent pri'zentid sound sounded saund 'saundid fit fitted fit 'fitid nod nodded nud 'redid (ii) Pronounced d after a vowel or voiced consonant (except d). employ employed im'pbi im'pbid marry married 'ma:ri 'mxrid try tried trai traid wonder wondered 'wAnda 'wAndod murmur murmured 'maim? 'ma:mad prefer preferred pri'fs: pri'fa:d insure insured in'Jua in'Juad name named neim . neimd breathe breathed bri:ö bri:dd beg begged beg begd rob robbed n b nbd judge judged d3*d3 d3Ad3d (tu) Pronounced t after a voiceless consonant (except t) laugh laughed la:f la: ft stop stopped sop StDpt march marched ma:tj ma:tjt look looked luk lukt piGBV C. Hakim Soizt t>{ SbdLm a*A ' ?roM\ccai\oK, tomuče halí. Pastendings The regular past ending ed can nonnally be pronounced in three ways, depending upon the final sound of the root word: lál after voiced sounds (eg; opened) after vowel sounds (eg: covered) lil after unvoiced sounds {eg: stopped) /id/ after lál or ft/ {eg: posted needed) There is a small group of verbs that have both irregular and regular forms and pronunciation: lál dreamed learned burned I'd dreamt learnt burnt PRACTICE Look at the final sound of each of the words in the box and put them into the correct category. accept act add admire agree allow answer appear approach argue arrive attack attend attract avoid bath bathe call climb clothe compare connect continue control cough crash cross dance defend deliver demand depend describe destroy die disturb drag drop educate empty enjoy enter excite explain fail fetch fold follow frighten hire hope imagine improve inform join jump laugh like love manage mend name notice organise pack persuade play pour promise pull reach receive relax remember repair reply a b shop show start visit walk wash Loved UZ Argued Unvoiced sounds; /d/or/r/: Vowel sounds: Voiced sounds: Say past tenses Listen, and repeat these verbs. 1 dragged escaped grabbed locked opened robbed rushed unlocked 2 cracked dropped helped jumped knocked smashed wiped Use the verbs to fill the gaps in the stories below. Practise them. Listen to the cassette to check. 1 Three masked men_______________the City Bank yesterday. When the doors were______________, they _____________in. They____________ the manager, and______________him into the strongroom. They _the safe with his keys. Then they______________the manager m, and______________with £30,000. When I _____________at the door, he______________, and _three eggs on the floor. Of course, they I---------------------him as he_______________ up the mess. His glasses fell on the floor. The glass______________. 2 Match the words in the box with the groups of definitions below. students paths jobs glasses writes letters dogs heads stops doors cooks babies finishes does asks teaches machines washes ~ Group A a. People whose job is to prepare food_________ b. He always ,, questions but never answers them. c. Four-legged pets you take for a walk_________ Group B a. People learning at university_________ b. Tracks to walk along_________ c. People in charge (eg: at school)_________ Group C a. Teacher, bus driver and waiter are all_________ b. Very young humans_________ c. Places to get on or off a bus or tram_________, Group D a. The lesson starts at 10 and_________at 10.50. b. Mr Brown_________maths at the high school. c. Pieces of equipment (eg: photocopier, printing press)_________ Group E a. Transparent containers we drink from_________ b. My cat is very clean and_________itself every day. c. He_________not know the answer. Group F a. Fred_________stories for the television. b. A. B, C. D are all_________ c Used to close the entrance to a room or building_________ 3 One word in each group is pronounced differently from the others. Which one is it an how is it pronounced? How are the rest pronounced? D\6EVi'y C-, MťlUrô $t&& i SfelUna and TrcWciiliou, fkkliTicii HALL s and es in plurals and third person verbs Normally s and es are pronounced either Isl, Izl or liz.1, depending upon the final sound of the root word. They are pronounced Izl after the following consonant sounds: mm äSiB£p».-l3 ^»f^S'SS^^^^^SS^^i' fbl i M IN lál 'ť /!/ W /n/ cubs caves clothes beds eggs hills rooms pens rings Kate robs banks. ' t^ff?? He lives in Hove. She bathes her feet He reads The Times. She digs the garden. It fills the room. He comes today. She learns French. ! It brings the rain. They are also pronounced Izl after words ending in any vowel sound; for example: ,#•#& -Plural nouns r - ffiä^^^rS^^^ÄÄ^ä* hvf -■ -'.■ \> v. i&f :-"" /ea/ h potatoes days hairs ?* She goes jogging.. ;L ;:;^;;V ■.' '•;";■ '.%?%■' Hejjläystennisľ1 "» - 's*i& $£ /-K* , \ Vf* ' ;She wears r/ack. - ř r ' T^ , ŕ V s and es are pronounced /s/ after the following consonant sounds: W8SĚ Pjur^ŕiounsíM ^5 iHffieEHSHi ... . fSmEBEß syj v,.,," cups It/escapes me. -t $. Wif^Ä' ■ ■:"i-, .> Hl i cuffs ^She laughs'a lot. j '.& mi: .:'■■ cloths She baths the baby."' ' ■' "-f-'w^$t*"*?-' . ,, V. /t/ ':'■■•■ coats it lights the room.';.' y'^'-iffiv /k/' "'■ banks It breaks the law. - They are pronounced I izl after She following consonant sounds: H ^jura.J/nouns.;,- Third person verbs. •*?.:-' '< '-.' JŔ "i* Tz/ $ J -fgtl buses' -"wishes 'roses «marriages íWalches |boxes He advises people. SHefisheson Sunday. He loses his temper, ^encourages them. SHe catches the ball. TV relaxes rrie.' <•***? PRACTICE List the following words in the right group according to the pronunciation of s and es in plural or third person forms. church add burn baby carpet beer cage break build leave face garage fork dress kick hold door jet fox law make need pass plant myth nose milk seagull pig nigh market meeting 5WIIT nng start iefl stamp vin d voice suit week record th ng ill ipe programme tree train turn take talk 'am wait proof smooth Group I: Izf Group 2: Is! Group 3: hzl 14-1: Length of long/ pure' vowels MACKENZIE K. ... , . , .,. . . Modern &umshB'ovumc(čfliŕHi Pratvfice, \\ord-contrasis providing exercise in ihc length Uy^fo^ J of the long, relatively 'pure* vowels. ^3 14.i Full length sea, sei-, C hec. Iv. B kl.," lea Jev tea, k-c-lce pea sea, see knee he Long seed, cede hrad nee,I, knead leave Ecas feed peas seize, sees, seas, C\s knees heed, he'd Relatively long scat beat, hcet .»cat !-%lf lease feet, lea t peace, piece cease niece heat ROGERSGH P Longer vowel her lay pea rye fee sir heard laid peas rise feed surge GILBERT Jv Speaking Shorter uoivel fijjp hurt late peace rice feet search CI eav purr spur her her curt burr were, whir(r) purr, per boo coo brew purred spurred heard, herd hers curd bird, burred word, whirred purrs booed cooed brewed, brood Jew Jude new, knew, nude gnu cue, queue, Q_ queued . ewe, you, use [verb) yew shoo!shoe shooed rue rude, rued snore nore, war four, fore, for bore, boar caw, core, corps paw, pore, pour . Shaw, shore mar mar car tar star par ha! ha! snored ward, warred fours board, bored cawed, cord, chord,cored pawed, pored, poured shored marred Marge calve, carve tarred starred pard hard halve pert " spurt hurt hearse curt Bert wort purse boot * coot brute jute newt cute use(noun) shoot root snort wart force bought caught, court ROACH, P Fortis followed by lenis mate made mert meid rope robe roup rsub leak league Ii:k II:g cart card ka:t ka:d back bag bsek beeg Phonetics cvac{ PhofloUguř CUP Lenis followed by fortis code coat bid bit lobe lope heard hurt brogue broke keud keut bid bit l9ub leop hard ha:t breug breuk port short mart march calf tart start part heart, h half 3. TVain voiceless fortis /-p, -t, -k/ in final positions: fit, spit, hit, bit, kit, wrist, fist, mist, pot, hot, got, lot, hat, mat, chat bat, cat, fat, thick, stick, chick, Hck, rock, stock, mock 'posmívat se', back, stack, check, meek 'měkký', hip, tip, lip, stop, flop, top, cop,- hop ' chop, cup, top, tip, carp. 4. Train final and medial lengthening voicing: rubt'lub 'vřdro', Bob, rob, lab, stab, cab, lab, sad, glad, bad, head, mad, led/said, lad 'hoch', lid, lag, hag 'stařena', fag '5pa2ek\ bog, frog, dog. an Voicing and syllable length ROGERSON P., GILBERT J; Spcüfijiiij Clearly, CUP Shorter vowel Longer vowel Unvoiced final consonant Voiced final consonant safe save leaf leave ice eyes peace peas bus buzz back bag cap cab teat seed batch badge rich ridae rope tripe tap cup rip sight heart plate bat set leak pick lock ankle crow This contrast between long and short syllables and between voiced and unvoiced final consonants can also help distinguish the different grammatical function of words which are similar. 1 Listen to the following pairs of words and practise the contrast. Voiced Longer syllable use (verb) excuse (verb) advise (verb) prove (verb) lose (verb) close (verb) Unvoiced Shorter syllable use (noun) excuse (noun) advice (noun) proof (noun) loose (adjective) close (adjective) robe tribe tab cub rib side hard played bad said league pig log angle grow leave save alive believe prove rice loose race advice once lice rich search H larch leaf safe a life belief proof rise lose raise advise ones lies ridge surge age large First, listen and repeat: excuse me excuse me, please eyes with my eyes lens is it a lens? use it's no use eyes close your eyes safe is that safe? fizz Bucks fizz Listen to the dialogue. A: Will you excuse me, please. There's something wrong with my eyes. B: Is it a lens? A: No, I think it's dust ... It's no use! B: Close your eyes and put some ice over them. A: Is that safe? B: Of course. Here, use the ice from my Bucks fizz. These bathers | are breathing | through their mouths J 'öi:z'beiÖ3z| a'brcöin. j 0ru: ÖE3 'maoöz | -^ that lovoly one W this one in the corner l^ that valuable one S the other one *"* the one over in the other corner £i the Five-pound one ;;5'-:xľ -^-ŕi-siTŕSľJSiív Smooth breathing | is rather soothing | 'smu:ö 'briiöirj [ iz'ra-.dd 'su:öirj | Say/Ö/ That's his father. It was nice weather. That's her brother. She's got two brothers. That's the other brother over there. If you have problems with the sound /Ö / ir\ putting your linger in front of your mouth and touching it with your tongue, in the same way as with the sound /0/. T. Listen and practice: Initial lb! that there these though then this His brother is very handsome. His mother's carrying roses. She always wears beautiful clothes They seem to be enjoying themselves. John Blythc is thirteen. His brother Timothy is fifteen. Their sister Heather is eleven. Their mother and father come from Northern Ireland, but the children were all born in London. Their mother is called Thelma and she is 38. Their father's name is Matthew, and he is 39. 3 Middle 161 Final /Ô7 weather breathe other bathe together smooth mother with either booth northern soothe Though the weather was bad we went with them to the northern baths. Then they breathed deeply when they aew the smithy» Those clothes were better than the leather material. The heathen bathed there. With that scythe you can mow rather well. Mother, father and brother wore better clothes there than those worthies. $hus the wreathes withered. Their mothers soothed them weren t warm. Though they gathered them there, they CHENHARÍ,ľvAto«ŕlb*ífc of&jUsl ft/mefíts, UKfVahq; There are two boys here: i jT~~\ i -K Which boy is in the first picture? c^ The boy with the book or the boy ~v* with the bicycle? cO The boy with the book. Say the following idioms and expressions, then use them in sentences, eg Would you rather go or stay1. a. would rather (prefer) b. now and then (sometimes) c. on the whole (mostly) d goes without saying (is obvious) e. make the most of ~~Xs\ Listen, and practise this conversation. ^£1a: Good morning, Mr Motherwell. What can I do for you this morning? lG R: Good morning, Doctor Wetherley. It's my breathing. I get this pain when I breathe in. I'll listen to your chest. Breathe in, and breathe out. And again, breathe in, and breathe out. Keep breathing deeply. Is there anything wrong with my chest, doctor? No. I don't think so. Your breathing sounds fine. Have you got a pillow with feathers in it? No. Or any leather clothes? I've £>ot a new leather jacket. That may be the problem. Leather affects some people like that. Get rid of your leather jacket, and I think that pain will eo. 3 to -_ B: or A. ~Z B: <0 ľ^ Practising the sounds / 67,161,111, /d/,/s/, and/z/ together Read the dialogue below. When you think the letters th are pronounced / 9 / underline them like this___. When you think the letters th are pronounced / Ö / underline them like this a/xa/v . P Ť.5ľ3. 1 Listen and check to see if you were right. A How are Judith and Timothy Thorpe's triplets? B Those three? Well . . . both Heather and Cathy are very healthy, but I think they're having rather a lot of trouble with Matthew. A With Matthew? What's the matter with Matthew? B Teething troubles, I think, and then he won't eat anything. A Teething troubles? But how old are the triplets now? B I think they're about thirteen months. A Thirteen months? Oh, I thought they were ä lot younger than that. B Noj ihey must be thirteen months because it was their first birthday at the end of last month \r on the thirtieth . . . or was it the thirty-first? A Oh, dear, and I didn't send them anything, not even a birthday card . . . I wonder what Judith and Timothy thought? B Don't distress yourself dear, they didn't say anything to me . . . who's that? whose is this? is there ? was there? has there? is this it? what's this? what's the time? it's this one that's the one is that the one? I think this is it is the other one there? (here's another (hing what on earth's this? as though a 39.6 Reading matter, with s, z and 6, ö en 'hu: z 'ořet 'hu:z iz 'Öis 'iz ös 'wo z Qs 'Ustz 03 iz 'öis it 'wot s 'Öis 'wot s 03 'taim it s 'öis WAn 'öst s ôs 'v/An iz öast Öa WAn ai '8ink 'öis iz it iz öi 'aÖ9 WAn öea 03 Z e riAUrf oiij wot 3n 'a:9 s 'öis az 'Öou _3 Are these sacks those that you want ? Tie the things that you have together with some string. Is this thick case the one that Smith sent ? You mustn't miss the third act. The path with the stones on it is the worst. Pass these things to the sixth sailor. With these thoughts the author ends his r£ 11 then with breathe there they southern loathe those clothing den dare lied sudden day she'd tide breed load Zen whizz she's lies lose breeze doze closing ties ^p thesis. ^ These three thrushes have fine, thick, silky ■v feathers. -o ...... -E Sing these things with some enthusiasm! 3= The Leith police dismisseth us. (Traditional v±} test of drunkenness.) 3 Do you think this method is mathematically right ? This thrush has three thousand, three hundred and thirty-three feathers. They ran hither and thither as though they were frightened. He left his father and mother and wandered abroad with his brother Arthur. The author's enthusiasm for the theory runs through the whole thick book. He had nothing but a farthing, and a farthing wasn't worth anything, even in those days. Are those pathetic things worth thinking about ? The path that you must follow is the one that leads down there into the thicket. I would rather you didn't use leather, either. I -thanked the youth for his sympathy and Officer; Applicant 0: A: 0: A: 0: A: 0: A: 0: A; 0: Late of birth? The third of March, nineteen thirty-three. The third of March, nineteen thirty-three, I think. You think what? I think it was the third - but perhaps it was the fourth. You think it was either the third or the fourth? No, T don't think it was either the third or the fourth, I know it was either the third or the fourth. And I think it was the third. Well, anyway, I think you ought to know... Yes? The positions have been taken. We've filled the vacancies already. What, both? Both. Mother: Heather: M: H; H: U: H; And - while you're up there, Heather, could you pass me that one, too? Oh, you mean this one, Mother? No, not that - the other. That one. Yes, that. There you are, Mother. Will that be all? Yes, that's all for the moment, Heather. Then I'll shut the cupboard, Mother. Though... while you're up there, could you perhaps pass me that one, too? This one, Mother? A: B! A: B: A: B: Arthur and Martha are such enthusiasts. They are so enthusiastic. What are they só enthusiastic about? Oh, about everything. Among other things, they're both very enthusiastic about the theatre. The theatre. Mm. I loathe the theatre. And I loathe enthusiasts, I loathe Arthur and Martha. 8 thin ^_ thank you thought thousand thirsty Thursday thirty-three Ethel author nothing something birthday mathematician Judith worth Mrs Smith Smiths' Edith moths Gossips Judith: Ethel: Judith: Ethel: Judith; Ethel: Judith: Ethel: Judith: Ethel: Judith: Ethel: Judith: Edith Smith is only thirty. Is she? I thought she was thirty-three. Edith*s birthday was last Thursday. Was it? 1 thought it was last month. The Smiths' house is worth thirty thousand pounds. Is it? 1 thought it was worth three thousand. Mr Smith is the author of a book about moths. Is he? I thought he was a mathematician. I'm so thirsty. '" .............-~~_ Are you ? I thought you drank something at the Smiths' No. Edith gave me nothing to drink. Shall I buy you a drink? Thank you. AKFR, A., Skip or Shop, Cup ö the feather....."-------- the together this feathers that leather clothes Miss Brothers another smoother rather The hat in the window Miss Brothers: / want to buy the hat in the window. Assistant: There are three hats together in the window, madam Do you want the one with the feathers? Miss Brothers: No. The other one. Assistant: The small one for three pounds? Miss Brothers: No. Not that one either. That one over there. The leather one. Assistant: Ah! The leather one. _____........ Now this is another \eather hat, madam, ffa Mttirťr than the one in the window. It's a smoother (&aU*e.-< Cxi fe-CNl CO s & 1—H * CTi O s s to CN1 CO ^ 1—1 5S i—1 i—i W tfl r~ cO 0} ^ * * •k 1—< c^J Y -t 3 í/5 S H > »C v* The cook thickens the scup 03 'kuk 'Örkonz Ö3 's u: p The soup sickens the cook da 'su:p 'sirtonz Öü 'kuk TRÍM;J., EňCjÚsk ?Tonu-\ciatiov\ Illustrated, CUP MACKENZIE, M-A Story of a Black Cat Yioderw &igUVh renunciation Practice, kowgntan A man aat on a "black cat and the black c was squashed flat, for the man was a fat man. n0h, that fat nan is a had man," said the "black cat, "he's squashed me flat and that makes me sado" The black cat had only a thin little roice, of course, f or he was a flat cat and you should know that a flat cat's roice is a thin voice. But the fat man heard what the sad black cat said and he said, the man said, "Oh, flat black cat, 1 am sad! I thought you were a black mat, and that's why I sat where I sat." "I wish you hadn't sat where you sat," said the cat. "It was sitting where you sat that squashed me flat, as flat as a flat black mat*" "That's bad," said the fat man, "rery bad« Wouldn't you be glad if I hadn't sat where I sat?" "Yes," said the cat "for you're fat, too fat for this sad black cat on whom you've sat. Can't you stand up, fat man?" "Yes, I can" said the man, and he did stand up. "That makes me glad," said the black cat, »rery glad." And the cat and the cat's voice grew fatter and fatter and gladder and gladder. Then the black cat, who had been a flat, flat cat, grew fat, quite fat again, but not of course as fat as the fat man who had sat on the latterly sad fat cat. "I'm sorry I sat on you, you poor black cat," said the man, "come and sit on my lap." So the black cat sat on the man's lap and the man and the cat were glad and sang sad bad mad songs to each other, and that was that• -« ^"5 IS rt 8 •« .Si _£ rf .5 .> > a 2rt*- -^ _Q tS * j- H ^ « M £ 'S IATEFL £šSá"28a1 á S* -S Jack McHat (Dav,d Orme) RK!J^ and Rh1tU - * ** "5 * * Í P * § J t I ľi ■« í I 11 * £ « Jack McHat! Jack McHat! -* -o-° JS g " c S 2 § '"-"ú No-onc can guess what he is at, J | 3 e -13 S ° ~ J * g g He can nip up the ivy, quick as a cat! Ü -w d e £ H .5 o-^ao J2 ■3 O If you've left your window open a crack m i« v ^ J •- ^ t3 jö Jí ™ o Jack'11 get in and fill up his sack < "g S 3 g "f g J -0 g g S With lots of stuff you '11 never get back. ^ -5 ^ "* « -^ 3^í-21 There isn't a crib that he can't crack cC ^^^^ál^ S.'B o'S « For it's Jack McHat! Jack McHat! . gf 2 JS J? <* u *8 *» 'S . 3 Z He flits through the dark like a vampire bat, ^ ^2 ^ « SJ 5 ri .§ 2 TŠ • S> -3 And you'll never find out what he is at! uj c3 *H m -o £ 5* >> &^> Jj rt a « He'll pinch your telly and sw.pe your clock, T ^ < S „g | £ | J § .j -S 2 | There isn't a window, isn't a lock -§ ' o ^ *a "^ » ■*** 3 .* * That'll keep out the villainous Jack McHat. ga>>>>dOcö "° J o 5 J? "S Jack McHat! Jack McHat! ť w S | -° ö "S "g "* "S g ä £ He squeezes through holes too small for a rat, $o,JUffl^6í S-S 1 -£ ^ 2 o He piles up his loot in his council flat. *i í «, jJ ^.« .íá o u ° c Ja d "^ Look out! Look out! |-§ J J I § | * To 3 * & S * For Jack £^£ « S S^3 A | ^ J 5 § 5 McHat! aS'S-oSjb l-^^á- « /*/ Father Ann; Father: Ann: Father; Ann: Father: Ann; Father; Ann: Father: Ann; Alfred owns a bank, Ann. I'm going to marry Frank, Dad. Harry owns a j an factory, Ann« I want to marry Frank, Dad-Marry Alfred, Ann. Or marry Harry. Frank, Dad. I'm going to marry Frank Ann, you're mad! ľ re had a word with Grandfather ... Your grandfather's mad too! Dad«.. Yes? I'm glad you didn't marry Miss Parry, 2.1 Listen, and practise this telephone conversation. Notice the telephonist's polite» rising intonation. A: Cavendish Manufacturing Company. Con I hrlj vou? B: I'd like to speak to the Managing Director, please. a: The Managing Director? That's Anna Cavendish. I'll put you through. 2.2a Listen, and say the names on this noticeboard. CAVENDISH MANUFACTURING COMPANY Managing Director Marketing Manager Development Manager Architect Anna Cavendish Barry Jackson Andrew Maxwell Pamela Andrews • to 0) -H o ,d •H -p 3 . ♦» S * iH a M ■H -H Ä P, o 3 Hl m 3 o-, ,~l C" ä} p« o • p ■P 0) tí >> P M tí M S 03 O 93 O <Ľ % * pH NO -H Ä s Pi o •> 0) «H •H P h K C- »H rí 5 0> K 0) OJ to p, H q> rH a -h H ■p ^ ÍQ Q) ... cd «* -^ a> & a> <-* 3 ■p H +» o Ü -P aj M tí s-* • «H *s 0) g EH ôs! ä «i N tí v> •H O i .. ■H .. . * .. tí U a > » 3 -p 3 -p •*s GO +j tí ■p 3 OJ < tí P4 «H CÖ «q Dh H tí «aj P4 2.2b Make telephone conversations like the one in 2.1, asking for different people each time. O'CONNOR^.Dy Sounds fiwjtfsh, Unqman j A bad hijacker apple Anne camera perhaps Amsterdam lavatory passenger Alice travelling hijacker Miss Allen handbag jacket left hand black slacks Miss linul Hostess Bradley: Hostess Allen; Hostess Bradley Hostess Allen: Hostess Bradley Hostess Allen: Hostess Bradley Fat lady: Handbag: BAKER, A y Shigör Skap? tu Alice! Perhaps that passenger is a hijacker! Which passenger, Anne? That sad matt with the camera? He's wearing black slacks and a jacket. No. That fat lady with the big black handbag in her left hand. Is she standing next to the lavatory? Yes. She's travelling to Amsterdam. You're mad, Anne, I don't understand. You see, when she went into the lavatory she didn't have that handbag in her hand, and now she's... (clapping her hands) EVERYBODY STAND ! I'm a hijacker. And in this handbag I have a ... BANG! j' I / y 4.1 Kirst practice, ae I add S ant fass Jí axc „ apt «) hat .9 hand J tact £i- dam, damn ^s patch "lT= tank 4.2 Later practice, ae cabbage savage ravage marriage carnage average damage exact angle access Vil M z: UJ et tack »8 bd sank sad mad bad wax, whacks match man ~nt~ mass trap flat lamb sag stamp clap hang canteen a contact madman calamity to extract an impact to impact canal scandal managerial 4.3 Word-contrasts 33 Listen to six people saying what they did on Saturday. I swam the English Channel. I got married. I rang my grandmother. 1 crashed my car. I sang in a concert. I sat at home. 3b Look at the pictures. Say who did what. e.g. Ann Appleby got married. /*/ pan man sad salary landing band flash tan Andrew Maxwell Gavin Banks Sally Paston 3c The sentences below are incorrect. Listen, and repeat each one. Then say it with the correct facts. Sally Paston sang in a concert on Saturday. Harry Angus got married on Saturday. Ann Appleby sat at home on Saturday. Gavin Banks swam the English Channel on Saturday. Angela Lang crashed her car on Saturday. Andrew Maxwell rang his grandmother on Saturday. lei pen men said celery lending bend flesh ten bat - bet sat - set iiad - head ham - hem cattle - kettle mansion - mention bag - beg marry - merry a. The young man was wearing fashionable sunglasses, black gloves, and a gangster's hat. b. The wasp that's trapped in the jar of blackcurrant jam is buzzing angrily. c. Thank you very much for coming to-pay back that money you borrowed on Monday! Danny. d. While cutting up lamb the drunken butcher hacked off his thumb with a hatchet. e. My husband had a double brandy, my mother wanted apple juice, but 1 drank champagne. BOWLER;ßv bkcicU^vj Precaution, OV? jam - gem pat - pet sand - send pack - peck se TKIPU., Ehjfltsli IVoňuticjfltiDH IlUstrAted^ CUP SK Anne j has plaits | and black slacks, j Harry j has a hackmgjackec Harry and Anne | arc standing j hand-in-hand | 'aen j hsez 'plasts j an 'blaek 'slacks j 'haeri j ^sez a 'haskrrj ^aekit 'haeri and 'sen | a 'stéendrn. j 'hasnd in 'haend [ >ck has a check C3P J in his hand | ^khaiza'tjek *P m iz 'hstnd jack's Czech friend | Franz j I-ranz's French friend j is very expansive | is very expensive j d3aeks "tjek Trend | 'fraents I 'fraentsiz | 'frentj" { Trend | iz 'verí jk'spaensrv | iz 'verí iks'pensiv j Tongue twisters Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. Did Peter Piper pick a peck of pickled peppers? If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, Where's the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked? She sells sea shells by the sea shore. The shells she sells are surely seashells. So if she sells shells on the seashore, I'm sure she sells seashore shells. A flea and a fly flew up in a flue. Said the flea, "Let us fly!" Said the fly, "Let us flee!" So they flew through a flaw in the flue. How much wood would a woodchuck chuck If a woodchuck could chuck wood? He would chuck, he would, as much as he could, And chuck as much wood as a woodchuck would If a woodchuck could chuck wood. The Lost Glory Stránka č. 1 z 2 The School ► .^TiaßÄSÜL wm li Welcome to Word of the Month, hare we are collating several articles for you to read. The current article is displayed below and previous articles are displayed to the right. Click on the headline to display the article of your choice, ÔärretsÉ article Living with an Eternal Perspective Jesus was the sort of person who gave His fotlowers deep spiritual truths in a gutsy package. He was able to do this because even as the spotless Son of God He had spent thirty years in Nazareth, IMng with His mother and father, growing up a village and learning a. trade along with many others. In other words living the same life' as us with ail of its joys, trials and heartaches. In the process He became fully human as well as fully Divine, Sut He came to us with wisdom born of God and a totally new way of thinking and living. He showed the world that there Is infinitely more to life than merely learning how to cope with it. But He also knew that in the business and troubles of everyday life, how easy it Is to forget that we are not merely human'beings having a spiritual experience, but eternal spirits experiencing a brief humanity. I remember seeing an inscription on a gravestone in the Caribbean something that has stayed with me for twenty years. I had been out there recording and managed to get the Sunday morning off to go to a Iocs! church. During the morning, I was pleased to be invited to share lunch with a Bahamian family in their home. After the meal we then accompanied the lady of the house, a recent widow, to visit her husband's graveside. It was there I read the inscription: "Remember man, as you pass by As you are now, so once was I As I am now, so will you be Remember man, Eternity" As a young Christian I was stunned by the poignant power of this poem and fascinated by the thought of this man of God still active for his faith, even evangelising from the grave. The poem struck me with its message and later on when I became 'occupationaily challenged' I remembered It. I found it very helpful at that time to get my eyes off my problems and concentrate on the purposes of God in my life. Later on when being interviewed for Radio Kent about my faith I was almost iost for words upon being asked the question "You have been a world class musician playing to thousands of people, but now have become a pastor of a local church - don't you think that is a bit of a waste?" But it turned out to be one of those glorious Holy Spirit inspired moments and I found myself able to answer "My musical gift is temporal, and when I die it will die with me; but Jesus' love operating in peoples lives through our ministry will remain for an eternity," There is much more to our existence than merely learning how to cope with life! Jesus said "Do not store up for yourselves treasure on earth where moth and rust destroy, and where thieves break in and steal. But store up for yourselves treasures in Heaven where moth and rust do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal, for where your treasure is, there your heart will be also" Matt 6:19-21 Our First In Whitney Dr ůtsé is caEEIi Worship W< The Releass Mirtstrei &m Biuestane f http;//follys.mimegraphicsxoni/tlg/wordofmonth.php 17.10.2004 mmii j In groups of four, based on what you know from television or personal experience, describe the typical British or American family. In your group prepare a short report for the other students. Then in pairs briefly describe your own families and report to the other pair. ^ Try to answer the questions on the right before reading the text. Then read it and see if you were right. FAMILY VALUES, OLD AND NEW In Britain and around the world, the image of the family continues to change- The traditional "Victorian family", in which the man was the breadwinner, the woman the homemaker, and the children numerous and obedient, is giving way to new ideas about what the modern family should look like. One oi the most obvious characteristics oi the new family is that there are not always two parents. Due mostly to the rise in divorces since World War 11, single-parent families are becoming more and more frequent and accepted in British society. Usually, it is the mother who takes responsibility for raising the child, and she has to balance the pressures of earning a living and raising her children at the same time. However, even in families with both parents present, many mothers are giving up the role of homemaker and pursuing their own careers. Some go on maternity leave after their children ate born and then take up part-time work when the child is old enough to go to school. Others feel that their careers come first, and wait until they have fully established their career before having children Another area which has changed significantly is what happens before marriage. In the past, people lived with their parents unril they got married, and each marriage was supposed to be a "white wedding". Today, living together before marriage and premarital sex are considered normal, and many people "try out" their relationship by living together before getting married. These changes, together with other changes such as mixed marriages, have altered the face of British society. Some people deplore them as a breakdown of traditional values. Others praise them as expressions of greater tolerance and diversity. But one thing is for sure: British families are changing and will continue 1 In the traditional Victorian family, the man a was neverconiradicted b made bread for the family. c was the sole provider for the family. d shared responsibility for ihe family budget with the wife. 2 The mam reason for the rise in single-parent families is a the increase in premarital sex. b that many men were killed in World War II. c that some women put their careers before their children. d the increase in broken marriages. 3 One of the main reasons for living together before getting married is that a couples want to see how well they get on before getting married. b couples have to balance earning a living with raising a child. c traditional values have broken ■ down in Britain, d premarital sex is on the rise. 4 Find a word in the text that means: ■ changed ■ acceptance of different lifestyles ■ speak with approval of ■ easily seen or understood ■ say that one strongly dislikes something CO c I • FAMILY • 5 T A S K 1 Distinguish between joj and /b:/ 1.1 Listen, and practise the difference. not nought stock stalk pot port cot court spot cod cock fox sport cord cork forks DI/D Practice 1 Listen and repeat: J tue j k—■' sound 1 sound 2 Don Dawn cod. cord cot caught pot port fox forks 1 They couldn't find the foxyforks 2 The pot/port was'very old. 3 We saw the spot/sport. 4 The cod/cord isn't very good. 5 The cock/cork has been stolen. 12.3 Word-contrasts, with d and D spots sports cot cock cod fox god hod hock not, knot knotty moss nod odd pot rot shot shone spot odder tot sot sod stock caught, court cork cawed, cord, chord, cored forks gored, gaud hoard, horde hawk nought, naught haughty morse gnawed awed, oared port wrought short shorn sport order taught, taut, tort sought, sort sawed, sword stalk, stork a sport s 'sppit T A S K 4 Say/d/and/o:/ 4.1 Listen, and say these phrases. hot water knock at the door stop talking a bottle of port four o'clock a tall bottle a small shop talk to the doctor a spot s 'spot a corset a 'loisit to cosset ta'kosit a warm hot water bottle s 'w3:m hut 'vvjits bist! a dog's paw 3 'dugz 'px