Seminář k bakalářské práci 4 October 2007 A group assignment: Reference styles and MLA Writing[T1] about different reference styles an the way how they deal with their topic is quite a demanding task because of the great amount of information that all the sources offer to those interested. I decided to make a clear content at the beginning of my paper to clarify the topic. In the second part of this piece of writing I will concretize[T2] how are[T3] we supposed to deal with bibliography information when writing our bachelor thesis and how to evaluate the secondary sources. CONTENTS 1. Reference styles 1.1. Definition of a reference style 1.2. Bibliography section and In-text citing 1.3. Writing bibliography (listing books, parts of books, articles and internet sources) 1.3.1. MLA 1.3.2. Chicago 1.3.3. Oxford 2. Evaluating sources 2.1. Inevitability of evaluating sources, checking the authority, accuracy and currency 2.1.1. Authority 2.1.2. Accuracy and Verifiability 2.1.3. Currency 3. Bibliography 1. Reference styles Definition of a reference style Reference style is a way of citation[T4] and writing bibliography list used in pieces of writing. Reference styles are usually based on rules stated by well-known Universities or other specialized societies as they use it. Types of Reference styles: MLA (Modern English Association) Chicago Oxford APA (American Psychological Association) 1.2. Bibliography section and In-text citations Different[T5] reference styles deal with the section of bibliography and with in-text citing in different ways. 1.2.1. Bibliography section Bibliography[T6] section is a place where all primary, secondary, as well as sources that were used during in-text citing are listed. This list must be created very carefully, according to one of mentioned Reference styles. 1.2.2. In-text citing This section of Reference styles copes [T7] with citing or paraphrasing other sources inside the text, in the end-notes, or foot-notes. 1.3. Writing Bibliography (listing books, parts of books, articles and internet sources) In this part specific ways of writing bibliography are introduced as [T8] they are used in practise. The[T9] way of writing the bibliography changes every time when there is something new, for example: more then only one author of publication or if you need to cite only a part or a paragraph of a book/article etc. In this work only basic structures are introduced. For more detailed information use the bibliography list at the end of this paper. 1.3.1.MLA MLA is a Modern English Association’s Reference style that is used in most scholastic [T10] works in literature, arts and humanities. Ex. Book Okuda, Michael, and Denise Okuda. Star Trek Chronology: The History of the Future. New York: Pocket, 1993. Book Article or Chapter James, Nancy E. "Two Sides of Paradise: The Eden Myth According to Kirk and Spock." Spectrum of the Fantastic. Ed. Donald Palumbo. Westport: Greenwood, 1988. 219-223. Journal Article Wilcox, Rhonda V. "Shifting Roles and Synthetic Women in Star Trek: The Next Generation." Studies in Popular Culture 13.2 (1991): 53-65. Website Lynch, Tim. "DSN Trials and Tribble-ations Review." Psi Phi: Bradley's Science Fiction Club. 1996. Bradley University. 8 Oct. 1997 . 1.3.2. Chicago Chicago reference style is based on the rules of the University of Chicago Press. It is usually used for books, magazines, newspapers, and other non-scholarly publications. Book Okuda, Michael, and Denise Okuda. 1993. Star trek chronology: The history of the future. New York: Pocket Books. Book Article or Chapter James, Nancy E. 1988. Two sides of paradise: The Eden myth according to Kirk and Spock. In Spectrum of the fantastic, ed. Donald Palumbo, 219-223. Westport, CT: Greenwood. Journal Article Wilcox, Rhonda V. 1991. Shifting roles and synthetic women in Star trek: The next generation. Studies in Popular Culture 13 (2): 53-65. Website Lynch, Tim. 1996. Review of DS9 trials and tribble-ations. Psi Phi: Bradley's Science Fiction Club. http://www.bradley.edu/campusorg/psiphi/DS9/ep/503r.html (accessed October 8, 1997). 1.3.3. Oxford Throughout[T11] the twentieth century the Oxford Reference style grew to be essential source for those who deal with the written assignments. Book GIBBS, Graham. Teaching students to learn: a student-centred approach. Milton Keynes, Open University Press, 1981. Chapter or article in an edited book Gombrich, EH, ‘The early Medici as patrons of art’ in EF Jacob (ed.), Italian Renaissance studies, Faber and Faber, London, 1960, pp. 279–311.. Journal Article KHOO, G.K. Accounting for leases. The Chartered Accountant in Australia, 46(5): Nov. 1975: 19-23. Internet article Australian Bureau of Statistics, Building approvals, Australia, cat. no. 8731.0, ABS Ausstats, 2004, retrieved 3 November 2004, .[T12] 2. Evaluating sources Inevitability of evaluating sources, checking the authority, accuracy and currency When[T13] writing a research paper or any other kind of scholastic work, it is necessary to pay attention to the authority, accuracy/verifiability and currency of used sources. Information that are [T14] easy to get are often based on incorrect or outdated information. Authority The[T15] best way to verify the authority is to find prominently displayed name of the author. Once you establish authorship, consider the authoritativeness of the work. You can also search Internet or other information about an author (Gibaldi,42).In[T16] a case of internet sources one must be really careful about that because these sources many times do not have comparable authority as print publications. It is also good to check the reliability of version (for example when using some historical documents). Accuracy and Verifiability If evaluating scholarly material, check[T17] to see that the work’s [T18] sources are indicated (in a list of work cited).If there is an e-mail address or other [T19] piece of information like that, you can ask the author or sponsoring organization for further information.(Gibaldi,45) Currency The publication date of a print source suggests how current the author’s scholarship [T20] is. Ideally, the document should record all dates of publication and revision (Gibaldi, 45). With this piece of information you can easily verify the currency of material. Bibliography[T21] O/ Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers 6^th edition. New York: The Modern Language Association of America. 2003 O/ Delaney, Robert. “MLA [T22] Citation Style” Citation[T23] Style for Research Papers.2006. Long Island University 1/3/2006 < http://moodlinka.ped.muni.cz/mod/resource/view.php?id=26802> O/ Webmaster. : “Guide of Referencing the Oxford Style“ USQ Australia University Library. 2007. University of Southern Queensland 2007 5 Sep 2007 < http://www.usq.edu.au/library/help/ehelp/ref_guides/oxford.htm> ------------------------------- [T1]in group assignments try to be as short as possible, just include the data because you’re writing for your colleagues, not an academic community [T2]wrong word [T3]wrong word order [T4]wrong form [T5]wrong sentence structure [T6]wrong sentence structure [T7]wrong word [T8]wrong linking [T9]wrong punctuation [T10]wrong form [T11]missing article in the sentence Nowadays this reference style is not so widely used as it used to be [T12]full stop on a separate line? [T13]wrong puncuation [T14]wrong form [T15]wrong use of articles in the whole paragraph [T16]wrong sentence structure [T17]wrong use [T18]wrong form or word [T19]wrong word [T20]wrong use [T21]in the whole bibliography list ther is a problem with full stops and spaces as well as indicating dates when the pages were approached or published [T22]you can’t combine italics and double quotation marks, just double quotation marks here [T23]