,Uap» He MeHee 6HHHX HaÖOKO- saeTCH Ha (poHe [ pa3Hbix noKO-, pyccKaa «Ta-6ojibineBHKax, jpaType, nonc-3pa - bot Kpyr oe onaTb-TaKH oh. Oh hh Ha HTO HHK3KH6 poiOT fljiH ero ;a Ty^a h 3aö-:ckoh JiHTepa-To, Hepe3 ABe-K. KHHrax»3. TK> pOJIb B JIH- iKaHHHBaeTCfl 'poKH poMaHa inaH nepexofl »Ilpoman nee, [ noflHHMeTca paccTaTBCH c - h ajih ywa npOAJlÖHHblH oöJiaKa, - h HacTb III JIHTEPATyPA 1940-1950-x roflOB eB nofiBnsieTcn 3H C CKWKeTOM ľ cne., 2004. 5, 2004. T. 4. CTa/iMHCKMx npeMMM nucaieriH yflocTanBanncb c 1941 no 1952 rofl. /leHHHCKMe npeMMM, ynpexfleHHbie b 1925 rofly, c 1935 no 1957 rofl He npwcyxfla/wcb. B 1966 roay nonen-/íncb rocynapcTBeHHbie npeMMM CCCP. TorAa *e n jiaypeaTOB CTa/iMH-CKnx npeMMn da/iu nMeHOBaTb nay-peaTawiw rocyaapcTBeHHoíí npeMMM. riepHOfl, o KOTopoM noňflěT peHb b 3t0m pa3aeae yneÖHHica, - oahh h3 Mbix ApaMaTH^iecKHx b hctophh Pocchh. BMecTe c TeM aaa oTenecTBeHHoi CJIOBeCHOCTH BpeMH COpOKOBblX h nHTHaeCHTblX TOflOB He CaMOe njIOflOTBOp- hoc IIpH^HHa b HeoöbinaÖHO yacecTOHHBineMca rocyaapcTBeHHOM flaBJietiKi Ha HCKyccTBO, KOTopoe ycTaHOBHJiocb cpa3y nocae bohhm h npojiBHjioci, npeacae Bcero, b paae nocTaHOBaeHHŽ UK BKII(6). 3to nocTaHOBJieHH o JKypHajiax «3Be3aa» h «JleHHHrpaa.» (1946), o KOTopoM bm 3HaeTe H3 i o TBopnecTBe A. AxMaTOBoň h M. 3omeHKO. 3to h nocTaHOBJíeHHH o penep-Tyape flpaMaTH^ecKHX TeaTpoB (1946), o KHHOcpHJibMe «Boabinaa jkh3hm (pejK. JI. JlyKOB, aBTop cneHapna II. Hhjihh), o6 onepe «BeaHKaa apyjKÔai B. Mypaa,eaH (1948). IIoHBaeHHe caaöoö, hjijihm TpaTHBHOÔ, HfleOaOrHHeCKH KaHIHHpOBaHHOH m- TepaTypw bo mhojtom ôbijio OTBeTOM Ha 3th nocTa-HOBJíeHHa. BojibHiaa nacTb ocpHnnaabHO npH3HaHHia npoH3BefleHHH 3thx aeT ceänac yace 3a6biTa. Mex-Ay TeM, Hx aBTopbi nepeaKO CTaHOBHjiHCb jiaypea-TaMH npecTHJKHbix b CCCP npeMHH b oôaacra jih-TepaTypbi. TaK, c 1942 no 1950 roa. K. Chmohob HiecTb pa3 noayqaa CTaJiHHCKHe npeMHH, npnneM He 3a ay^iniHe cboh nporo BefleHHH. 3HaKOM koht>k)HKTypHOH JIHTepaTypbl CTaJIHHCKOrO BpeMeHH ctu poMaH C. BaôaeBCKoro «KaBajiep 3oaoToö 3ße3flbi» (1947-1948), TaioKe ot-Me^eHHbiH BbicHieö jiHTepaTypHoň Harpaapö CTpaHbi. «IIpoH3BOflHTeaeM CTaHaapTa» Ha3Baa coBpeMeHHoro coBeTCKoro Jimepa-Topa B. IIoMepaHneB. B CTaTbe, noHBHBineHca BCKope nocae CMepTH CTajiH-Ha, nncaTeab BOCKannaeT: « yapynaioiHe oaHHaKOBbi 3th Ba3KHe khoth! B HHx cTepeoTHnHbi repoH, TeMaTHKa, Ha^aaa, KOHnbi. He khhth, a 6jiH3He- Hbl — flOCTaTOHHO npOHHTaTb hx OflHy-flBe, MTOÖbl 3HaTb oöaHK TpeTbeü»'. IIo- MepaHHeB 3aaaBaaca BonpocoM: «OrKyaa b Haniy aHTepaTypy Moraa npoHHK-HyTb HeHCKpeHHOCTb?» H OTBenaa Ha Hero TaK: «Tyr mhoto npniHH. H3Be-CTHyio poab, B03MoatHO, cbirpaao nacToe b aioaax CTpeMaeHHe BbiaaBaTb ste-aaeMoe 3a yace cymecTByioiHee». IIpHMHHa 6biaa, KOHeMHO, He b neaoBe^ecKOH ncHxoaorHH, a b tom KaHO-He connaaHCTHiecKoro peaaH3Ma, KOTopbiö BnepBbie nyôaHHHO 6bia 03ByneH Ha IlepBOM CT>e3fle CoK>3a coBeTCKHx nncaTeaen (1934) ceicpeTapěM IIK A. A. JKaaHOBbiM h 6ya.ym.hm nepBbiM pyKOBoaHTeaeM CoK)3a M. ľbpbKHM, ÜHcaTeaaM npeaaaraaocb H3o6paacaTb acH3Hb He TaKoň, KaKOBa OHa ecTb, ho b eě peBOaiOHHOHHOM pa3BHTHH, C TOHKH 3peHHa «peBOaiOHHOHHOrO pOM3HTH3- Ma». KaK oötacHaa BCKope M. TopbKHH Ha CTpaHHnax ra3eTbi «IIpaBÄa», *pe- BOaiOnHOHHblH pOMaHTH3M - 3TO, B CyiUHOCTH, nCeBflOHHM COHHaaHCTHHeCKO- ro peaaH3Ma, Ha3HaneHHe Koero He ToabKO kphthhcckh H3o6pa3HTb nponijioe | b HacToaineM, ho raaBHbiM o6pa30M cnocoöcTBOBaTb yTBepaca,eHHK> peBOJiion,H-OHHO AOCTHrHyToro b HacToaineM h ocBen^eHHK) neaeň coHHaancTHnecKoro ÖyAymero»2 nieHHK)», a B copoi npaBAY o bi ace nHcaTb *aaKHpoBO 3. Ka3aKeB OKonax Ctž Ba «>KHBb TOMHO, einj pa3roBopa A. T. Tßapj Koň OTeiec KpoBonpoa pna, b xyz ocTaěTca hi caTeaax,k JlOCb B CBOi pefla^e flpř noJKaayü, > K. Bopo6b npeflCTOHT nepHOA 6bi boh, aaKOi 3aJIHCb boc B 194( JIH H TaKH( h m. upni B. IlacTep H3AaTeabCi xiTO co CMe Hyaa b npi EuÓJiuc 1 riojuep HOBblí 2 ĽOpbKl 180 i H3 ca- BeHHOH AOTBOp-BJieHHH BHJIOCb, )BjieHHe H3 rjiaB ' penep- JKH3Hb» ,py»c6a» HJIJIK3C-HOH JIH- a nocxa- HaHHfclX a. MejK-•flaypea- aCTH JIH-^HMOHOB h npoH3- ÍHH CTajI IKJKe OT- 1 JiHTepa- h CTajIH- CHHrn! B 6jIH3He- eö»1. rio- npOHHK-IH. H3Be- iBaTb Hce- 'OM KaHO- i 03ByneH apěM U;k TopBKHM. ä eCTB, HO WM3HTH3-8fla», «pe-CTHHeCKO- • npomjioe )eBojiioHH-TH^ecKoro ^jymero»2. 3to-to KaK pa3 h npHBOflHJio «yjiyn-Í6HH10», a BepHee, k HCKajKeHHio peajibHocra. B copoKOBbie h nHTHflecHTbie roflbi roBopHTb baBfly o BOHHe ömjio He MeHee TpyflHO, neu no3-pe nHcaTb npaBfly o JiarepHx. Ha cpcme ßpyrnx, liaKHpOBOHHblX» KHHr BblflejIHJIHCb nOBeCTH |,Ka3aKeBH^a «3Be3,a;a» (1946), B. HenpacoBa «B Jgonax CTajiHHrpa^a» (1946), poMaH K. Chmoho-JKHBbie h MepTBbie» (1954-1959). OieHb [WHO, emě flO OKOH^aHHfl BOÖHbl, TOH H CTHJIb M3roBopa o BOHHe öesoHiHÖOHHO Hamynaji A. T. TBapflOBCKHH. TeM He MeHee, hctophh BejiH-h OTenecTBeHHoii bohhm, KOTopaH öbijia caMoö ipOBOnpOJIHTHOň H3 TeX, HTO 3HaJia pyCCKaH HCTO- b xyflOJKecTBeHHoii JiHTepaType flo chx nop IccTaeTca He HanncaHHOH. Ecjih JKe roBopHTb o nn-mrejiflx, KOTopbiM xoTH obi b KaKoü-TO Mepe yp,&-jocb b cBoeň BoeHHoň npo3e npHÖJiH3HTbCH k ne-pejane ApaMaTH3Ma npoH3onieAuiero co CTpaHoň, poKajiyo, cjie^yeT Ha3BaTb HMeHa B. AcTa(pbeBa h K. BopoôbeBa, c TBopnecTBOM KOTopbix BaM eme npeflCTOHT no3HaKOMHTbCH. BiviecTe c TeM b 3tot lepHOfl SbiJiH HanncaHbi BoeHHbie cthxh AxMaTO- B0ÍÍ, JI3KOHH3M h a