Fonetika a fonologie A
AJ2BP_FF1A
Irena Hůlková
Introduction
!  Teacher: Mgr. Irena Hůlková, Ph.D.
!  Office: Room No. 304, 3rd floor, Dpt. of English
!  Email: hulkova@ped.muni.cz
!  Phone: 549 49 3016
!  Office hours: Wednesday, 9:15 – 10:00 a.m.,
at other times by appointment
Textbooks / Reference Works I.
!  Ashton, Helen, & Shepherd, Sarah (2012). Work on
Your Accent: Clearer Pronunciation for Better
Communication. London: HarperCollins Publishers.
!  Baker, Ann (2006). Ship or Sheep? An Intermediate
Pronunciation Course. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
!  Roach, Peter (2009). English Phonetics and
Phonology: A Practical Course. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Textbooks / Reference Works II.
!  O’Connor, J.D., & Fletcher, Clare (1989). Sounds
English: A Pronunciation Practice Book. London:
Longman.
!  Underhill, Adrian (1994). Sound Foundations: Learning
and Teaching Pronunciation. Oxford: Macmillan
Education.
Dictionaries I.
!  Any English – English dictionary, e.g.:
(2003). Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
!  Pronunciation Dictionary, e.g.:
Jones, Daniel (2011). Cambridge English Pronouncing
Dictionary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
!  Online Dictionaries, e.g.:
Macmillan Dictionary at www.macmillandictionary.com
HowJsay – talking dictionary of English pronunciation at
www.howjsay.com
Dictionaries II.
!  Online Dictionaries, e.g.:
The Free Dictionary at www.thefreedictionary.com
(American x British pronunciation available!)
Cambridge Dictionaries Online at
www.dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/
(British versus American pronunciation available!)
Syllabus – autumn semester
!  Based on handouts available in the e-learning course at
http://moodlinka.ped.muni.cz/course/view.php?
id=2447
!  Topics covered (autumn semester):
!  the notion of phoneme + phonemic chart
!  IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet)
!  phonemic transcription
!  introduction and practice of individual phonemes
(vowels, diphthongs, consonants)
!  aspiration
Course Requirements I.
!  Regular attendance (strongly recommended) and punctual
arrival
!  Handouts ready for each class (to be printed out from our
Moodlinka course)
!  Midterm recording – at the end of November (approximately)
!  The final recording and credit test – in the exam period (i.e.,
January 2016); passmark: 70%
Course Requirements II.
!  Homework: Do all the homework assignments, by the
dates specified.
!  Active participation: ask questions, answer when called
on, listen carefully to all the issues raised in class;
discuss things.
!  The usual courtesies: cell phones off, no plagiarism,
all English policy.
Phonetics and Phonology
!  Phonetics
= “the science or study of speech sounds” (Chalker and Weiner
1998: 295); the main concerns are “the discovery of how
sounds are produced, how they are used in spoken language,
how we can record speech sounds with written symbols and
how we hear and recognise different sounds” (Roach 2011: 66)
!  Phonology
= “the study of the way in which speech sounds are used in a
particular language” (Chalker and Weiner 1998: 295); the
main concern is phonemic analysis with the objective to
establish what the phonemes are, and also the study of stress,
rhythm and intonation (Roach 2011: 66-67)
Phoneme
!  a regularly used sound
!  the smallest meaningful unit in the sound system of a
language (i.e., it is capable of conveying a distinction in
meaning)
!  For example, the vowels in the words ‘pin’ and ‘pen’
are different phonemes, and so are the consonants at
the beginning of the words ‘pet’ and ‘bet’ (Roach 2009:
2).
!  44 phonemes in English, subdivided into vowels,
diphthongs and consonants
Accents and Dialects
!  The word accent is often confused with dialect.
!  Accent is concerned only with pronunciation
differences.
!  Dialect refers to a variety of a language that differs
from others not only in pronunciation but also in
vocabulary, grammar and word order (Roach 2009: 3).
Received Pronunciation (RP)
!  The accent that is most often recommended for foreign
learners studying British English
!  The name ‘RP’ is regarded to be old-fashioned and
misleading (it seems to imply that other accents would
not be acceptable or approved of).
!  A preferable name is BBC pronunciation (Roach 2009:
3-4).
References
!  Chalker, S. and E. Weiner (1998). Oxford Dictionary of
English Grammar. Oxford, New York: Oxford University
Press.
!  Roach, P. (2009). English Phonetics and Phonology: A
Practical Course. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
!  Roach, P. (2011). Glossary – A Little Encyclopaedia of
Phonetics. Retrieved September 22, 2015, from
www.cambridge.org/elt/peterroach.