The present simple, also known as the present indefinite, is one of the most basic and commonly
used tenses in the English language. It is used to describe actions or states that are currently
happening or are always true.

The present simple is formed by using the base form of the verb (e.g. walk, talk, play) for most
subjects. However, for third-person singular subjects (he, she, it), the verb is conjugated by
adding -s or -es (e.g. walks, talks, plays).

Some common uses of the present simple include:

Expressing habits or routines: "I wake up at 6am every day."

Describing general truths or facts: "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."

Talking about scheduled events in the future: "The train leaves at 8pm."

Describing states or conditions: "I am tired."

Narrating a story in the present tense: "So, I open the door and there she is, standing in front of
me."

The present simple is also used in conjunction with time expressions such as "always," "never,"
"sometimes," and "usually."

It's important to note that in English, the present simple is also used to talk about the future,
when it is used in conjunction with a time expression that specifies a future time.

In conclusion, the present simple is a widely used and fundamental verb tense in English, used to
describe actions and states that are currently happening or are always true, as well as scheduled
events in the future, and in conjunction with time expressions.


Expressing habits or routines:

A: "What time do you usually wake up?"

B: "I usually wake up at 6am."


Describing general truths or facts:

A: "What's the boiling point of water?"

B: "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."




Talking about scheduled events in the future:

A: "When does the flight leave?"

B: "The flight leaves at 8pm."



Describing states or conditions:

A: "How are you feeling?"

B: "I am tired."


Narrating a story in the present tense:

A: "What happened next?"

B: "So, I open the door and there she is, standing in front of me."



Using with time expressions:

A: "Do you always eat breakfast?"

B: "No, I never eat breakfast."

The present continuous, also known as the present progressive, is a verb tense used to describe
actions or states that are currently in progress or happening at the moment of speaking. It is
formed by using the present participle (-ing) of the verb (e.g. walking, talking, playing) and the
auxiliary verb "to be" (am/is/are).

Some common uses of the present continuous include:

Describing a temporary action happening now: "I am reading a book."

Talking about an action planned for the near future: "We are leaving in an hour."

Expressing annoyance or irritation with a present action: "He is always making noise."

Describing a change that is happening: "The weather is getting colder."

It is important to note that the present continuous is not used with stative verbs, which describe
a state rather than an action, such as "have," "be," "seem," "belong," etc. In such cases, the
present simple is used instead.

In conclusion, the present continuous is a verb tense used to describe actions or states that are
currently in progress or happening at the moment of speaking. It is formed using the present
participle of the verb and the auxiliary verb "to be", and it's commonly used to describe temporary
actions, plans for near future, expressing annoyance or irritation and describing a change that is
happening.


Describing a temporary action happening now:

A: "What are you doing?"

B: "I am reading a book."





For an action planned for the near future:

A: "What are you doing later?"

B: "We are leaving in an hour."


Expressing annoyance or irritation with a present action:

A: "What's wrong?"

B: "He is always making noise."





Describing a change that is happening:

A: "How's the weather?"

B: "The weather is getting colder."