2. HIACOBH CPnCKOrA KřtPDKEBHOr JE3HKA
65. npHpofla rjiacoBa 3aBHCH oa nojioacaja kojh nojcnHHH .hcjiobh roBopHor anapaTa 3ay3HMajy npn apTHKyjiaiiHJH (cTBapaH>y) rjiacoBa. 3aTO cc Ha ocHOBy noJioacaja roBopHHx opraHa cbh rjiacoBH cpncKor je3mca aejie Ha Tpn rpyne: caMoiAaatme, conaiiwe h cyUacnuKe.
1. CAMOIMIACHHUH (BOK A JIH)
66. Comoíacichuuu cy nracoBH npH MHJeM H3roBopy Ba3flyx H3 njiyha npojia3H Kpo3 ayuiHHK h y rpiotaHy noxpehe rjiacHe xHue, 3aTHM cjio6ojho rene icpco ycHy aynjby h H3Jia3H y npocTop oko roBopHHKa. Tpenepeite macHHX HCHua npe-hoch ce Ha Ba3AyuiHe lecTMue, Koje 3Öor Tora h caMe paBHOMepHO Tpenepe. Kajco Ba3ayiHHa CTpyja He Hanjia3H Ha npenpeice, caMorjiacHHUH ce nyjy Kao hhcth, 3Byn-HH TOHOBH. Y HaiHeM KH>H5KeBHOM je3HKy HMa neT caMorjiacHHKa (BOKajia): u, e, a. o m y.
a) CaMoiAacHuufi upegtbeia pega cy m h e. 06a ce H3roBapajy TaKO ujto ce Bpx je3HKa ocjiaH>a Ha ceKyTHfce (aoH>e), je3HK ce noKpefie y npaBuy npejiH»er aejia ycHe aynjbe, H3flH5KyhH ce npeMa tbpaom Henuy, h to npn H3roBopy BOKajia u — bhcoko, a npH H3roBopy BOKajia e — jxo cpe/nte bhchhc 3aTO ce u Ha3HBa bm-cokhm, a e — cpe,an>HM BOKajiOM npe,aH>er peaa. YcHe cy npH H3roBopy u viajio pa3ByneHe h pacTaBjbeHe, aok cy npH H3roBopy e OTBopeHe, ajiH CKopo HenoKpeTHe. BoKaji u je 3aweopeHu BOicaji, jep je pa3Max H3Mefty BHjiwua npn H>eroBOM H3roBopy BpjTo MajiH, a BOKaji e je cpegne oweopeHocwu, jep je pa3Maic H3Mefiy ropH>e h aoH>e BH^Hu,e cpeaHjH (ycTa cy Majio OTBopeHa).
6) CaMoíAatHuu,u 3cigH>eia pega cy a, o u y, jep ce npH h>hxobom H3roBopy je3HK Kpehe npeMa 3a.aH.eM aeny ycHe .aynjbe. IlpH TOMe, oje hucku BOKaji 3afln>er peaa, jep je3HK ocTaje hhcko Ha .uHy ycHe .aynjbe, BOKaji o je cpegitu BOKaji 3anH>er pejia, jep ce je3HK — noBJianehH ce yHa3a,a — noAHJKe ao cpe/ute bhchhc npeMa
Taôe.ia 1. — CaMonracHHUH
(HaWHH   TBOpÔe,   5HTHH   aKyCTHHKM   yTHcaK)
r^acHe «Hue	no noJio*ajy jesHKa y ycHOJ aynrt>H j        ->•	ripeflH)H aeo ycHe jyn,T>e	Uho ycHe aynn.e	3aflH>H aeo ycHe .oymte
■sarerHyTe Tpenepe IByHHH	BHCOKH	H		y
	cpeaitH	e		o
	KHCKH		a	
		npeaitM	HeyTpajiHH Ka   3ajH>eM	"ia.n-bH
HcniiHMa, h BOKaji y je eucoxu BOKaji 3aaH.er peaa, jep ce je3HK H3flH»e bhcoko npeMa HenuHMa. npeMa bcjihhhhh yma kojh mhhc ropH>a h aoH>a BHJiHua, to jecT npeMa tomc kojihko cy ycTa OTBopeHa, onpeljyje ce HajOTBopeHHJH BOKaji (a), cpen-M>e OTBopeH (o) h 3aTBopc;::< BOKaji (ý), y n3roBopy BOKajia 3a.aH.er pe.ua bhah ce ". cy ycHe npH H3roBopy a OTbopeHe h CKopo HenoKpeTHe, aa. npn H3roBopy o ao-
ÖHJajy ejiHncacT oôjihk, ,ook ce npH H3roBopy BOKana y HCTypajy Hanpcn, h 3aoicpy-acyjy.
67. Cbh caMorjiacHHUH cy 3ByiHH rjiacoBH, hhcth tohobh h cbh cy hochouh cnora, jep ce 36or H>HXOBor TOHCKor KapaKTepa Mory H3roßapaTH y je^HOM apra-KyjiauHOHOM 3axBaTy, y jcojeM Moxce, ajiH h He Mopa, 6hth hckh apyra rjiac H3 rpyne coHaHaTa, hjih cymacHHica.
2. COHAHTH (ľJIACHHUH)
68.  Cohcihwu cy rjiacoBH npH HHJeM craapaiby Ba37xyniHa CTpyja, Koja je no-KpeHyjia rnacHe scnne y rpKjbaHy, npojia3H HeoMeTaHO h ynpKoc npenpeicaMa Koje npeflCTaBJbajy aoiobh roBopHor anapaTa. HeoMeTaHH npoTOK CTpyje, y3 3By4HOCT, rjiaBHa je npTa Koja hx hhhh y h3bcchom CMHCJiy cjihhhhm caMorjiacHHnHMa (bo-KajiHMa). CoHaHTH cpncKora KH>H>KeBHor je3HKa cy raacoBH: e, p, j, ji, jb, h, h> h m. riouiTO npe^e npeKO 3aTerHyrax rjiacHHX acHua h H3a30Be Tpenepefte Ba3flyixiHHx necTHua, Ba3jiyniHa CTpyja HaHJia3H Ha .apyre nenoBC roBopHor anapaTa, npojia3H H3Mel)y h>hx h cTBapa pa3JiHHHTe coüairre.
69.  a) ycHeHO-3y6nu conanm e HacTaje Taxo ujto Ba3flyuiHa crpyja npojia3H cpa3MepHO cjioöoflHO nopeji npenpetce Kojy MHHe ropH>H cexyTHnH ca BjiaJKHHM AejiOM AOH>e ycHe.
6) AneeoAapHu cohohUíu p, a k h H3roBapajy ce Taico uito ce Bpx je3HKa Ha-jia3H Ha ajiBeanaMa ropH>HX ceKyTHfia, a Ba3,oyuiHa CTpyja HMa pa3JMHHTe nyTOBe. ripH H3roBopy coHaHTa p Ba3flyuiHa CTpyja BHÖpHpajyhH (TpenepehH) H3Jia3H npexo Bpxa je3HKa, kojh h H3a3HBa to TpenepeH>e; npn H3roBopy coHaHTa a Ba3,nyiiiHa crpyja npojia3H 6oKOBHMa je3HKa, aok npH H3roBopy coHaHTa h Ba3AyuiHa crpyja H3jia3H y flBe 4>a3e: npBo Kpo3 hoc, jep ce mcko Hernie cnyuiTa #a joj otBopH nyT Kpo3 hoc, a 3aTHM Kpo3 ycTa, Kafla ce Bpx je3Hica ymioHH ca ajiBeojia.
CBa TpH aJiBeoiiapHá coHaHTa Mory 5hth y KfeHxceBHOM je3HKy hochouh cnora, h to Hajneuihe coHaHTp: 1) Kaaa je y cpeanim pewH H3MeI)y psa cyrjiacKHKa (fipctii, xpe, íupiamu); 2-) Kaaa je Ha noiency pen« npea hckhm cyrjiacHHKoM (púi, pljauiu, peauiu ce); 3) xaaa je H3a caMorJiacHHxa y cjioxeHHuaMa THna sap^amu, ttopaaüiu ce (3a-/>-l)a-TH, no-p-Ba-TH) h 4) Hcnpea o Koje je nocTaJio on. a: ouipo (oíiipjia, oaip.io), lacüipo (3acwp.ia, 3acSupAÓ), ipou/e (h3 HapoaHe necMe npeMa caBpeMeHOM ipnu/e). flpyra n&a aJiBeoJiapHa coHaHTa, a h m. Mory 6hth hochouh cnora y BJiacTHTHM reorpaijicKHM HMeHHMa h3 HauiHX anjajieKara: Ciu.iu (CTyn), Baho i.mea (Bynja rjiasa), JKAHe, hjih h3 CTpaHHX je3Hxa: B.iiuaea, ílAíen h en., na h He caino y reorpaijicKHM HMcuHMa: Hgn, Hön-Cayg (eHrnecica, oahocho apancka m Äpyra HiueHa jimia), 6uu,uka.
b) ripedtbOHeüHatut cohohíTiii j,/b h h> H3roBapajy ce TaKO ujto je Bpx je3HKa npHTHCHyr Ha floite ceKyTHhe, a ropn.a noBpuiHHa npeflH>er nejia je3HKa y3 npeflite (tbpho) Henne, npn lewry Ba3flyixiHa CTpyja H\ia pa3JTHMHT nyT. ripn H3roBopy coHaHTa / CTpyja npojia3H Kpo3 yflySjbeHH cpefln>n neo je3HKa, cjihhho Kao npn HiroBopy BOKajia n, Kojexi je 3aTÓ Bpjio ÖJiinaK (Hnp. Kajja ce niroBopii miju npeMa mija, npBa pen ce Hiroeapa cKopo Kao mm hjih hú), npn H3roBopy coHaHTa Jb OHa npojiaiH no GoKOBHMa je3HKa, a npn H3roBopy coHaHTa h>, Kao h koh h, npojia3H y ABC cpaie: npBo Kpo3 hoc, a 33thm Kpo3 ycTa.
r) YcHemi cohühiü m H3roBapa ce Taxo uito ce ycHe uejioM cbojom ayjKHHOM npHJbyöjbyjy jeflHa y3 apyry, cTBapajy nperpaay a Ba3JiyiuHa CTpyja noHHH.e p.a. npojia3H Kpo3 hoc, jep ce 3ajiH»e (mcko) Henne cnyurra h to oMoryhyje. y Apyroj 4>a3H ycHe ce pacTaBJiajy, na npeocTajín Aeo Ba3ayxa H3Jia3H h Kpo3 ycTa. ľlo MecTy h HaiHHy H3roBopa coHaHT m je, naicjie, ÄBoycHeHH hochh cyrjiacHHK.
32