UNIT
GRAMMAR
The -it'o Form
Classifications of Japanese verbs
As discussed briefly in Unit 8 Grammar (p. 160), Japanese verbs are divided into three classes based on their conjugations: Regular I, Regular II, and Irregular. The stems of Regular I verbs (the part just before the - í ~ť ending) end with -i, and they change as the verbs are conjugated. The stems of Regular II verbs, on the other hand, end with either -e or -i but remain the same even as the verbs are conjugated. There are only two Irregular verbs: L í "f and í i "f. For more on verb conjugation, see Appendix E, pp. 244-46.
How to form the — <j!\»form
For Regular I verbs, the sound before —Or changes as shown in the chart below, and —íŕi» is added to obtain the — <fi»form. For Regular II verbs, the rule is simpler: - i "f comes off and -Íl" v * is added. The Irregular verbs have irregular conjugations.
REGULAR 1						
buy	iHtí-ŕ		write go		^Si-f	4*tHc\*
return, go home wait					v>«i-f	\ >fi»/j.V >
			read		Jt*i +	Jt«Í.H>
play	ihilSt-t		turn off		i-tUi-r	l+Ä-i-v»
REGULAR II						
eat	rzKtir	fc*«řv»	see be		»it	
show	Atti-J-	Attifo				
IRREGULAR						
come	«á-r	C*i»   |		do	Lit	U*xi'
How the — ífi > form is used
ex. Z C I:    < -S i í    £aoíi.^>T< /£i k». "Pleasedo not park your car here." A negative verb used in mid-sentence usually takes the — <fl»form rather than the - í -tŕ L form it has at the end of a sentence. For now, however, just remember the following use of the — tt\ < form: verb -4ľ\»T< fc" í n ("please do not. . .").



178
C
n TARGET DIALOGUE
'    Ms. Nakamura recently heard that the Sakura Art Museum is open till 8 p.m. on Fridays.
KfrtH, : f + yU. *>l/i    ir^co   í, č t   5<btfU»i>-3
r + s'-zzfrt,   í < b í/Ľ *oUít   £'co<"b^   tf^'j
ft'/: Ľf,  6ĽI:    ^>Líí    Ti-t+/C>$\, ír^tľí, : jtsto   Ľľ>   Í.L/:     6 Ľl-o
bč/Lrí-^/U;    o$íi-06Ľi:    íh'Líí    Tit.  *^4 Iť^b    í < b í/'Ľ nifrLÍT    kO.V-Li'h^    ^ťr'Ji-fo
Nakamura: Ms. Chan, how about going to the Sakura Art Museum tomorrow after work?
Chan: That would be nice. Let's go. Nakamura: At what time should we leave the office?
Chan: How long does it take to get from here to the Sakura Art Museum? Nakamura: It takes about forty minutes.
Chan: Well, how about leaving the office at 6:00? Nakamura: OK. Tomorrow at 6:00, then.
■ Ms. Nakamura and Ms. Chan are going to the Sakura Art Museum tomorrow after work. They will leave the office at 6:00. It takes about forty minutes to get from the company to the Sakura Art Museum.
Sakura Art Museum (fictitious museum name)
(particle: see Note 1 below)
shall we leave?
leave
how long
take (time)
179
1,'N'ii^
ľmm:'.
tŕ/CĽU    íH^ff    Ti Li it\ The particle í here indicates a point of departure.
ex. 6UI:    fri > L <• í    T í i% "I'll leave the office at 6.00."
L/tĽ^iíT   T/Clťí    is'J i-f „ "I'll get off the train at Shinjuku Station." The particle I:, on the other hand, indicates a point of arrival or a location toward which an action such as going, coming, entering, or boarding is directed.
ex. 7ĽI:    Í/C i*~?frLK    o$ í -f.  "I'll arrive at the art museum at 7:00."
ciíliííT    T'/CLfl:    <n 'J i -f.  "I'll board the train at Tokyo Station."
r
PRACTICE
WORD POWER (^    I.  Verbs:
O
^
/v^		
1	CD	
		
I.W'Jit             2. fc'Jit             3. Ti-f
4. oíi-f             5. í^-'ií-r
Periods:
	MINUTES		HOURS	DAYS
5	Z\]-L   (frL)	1	^t,ZfrL	^K<3
10	Ľ n> o.i^ (frL)	2	i: \lfrL	:>•->*- (frd
15	ľ * ť c;^ (<'X^)	3 4	iLifrL Jt Ľ^A	A-y fr  (fr L) 1-ifr (frL)
20	i:Ľ»-?.S^ (frL)			
25 30	í/,Ľ*o.s:/, (frL)	5 6	r ľ frL	^->fr (frA.)
			h<,\lfrL	V^fr (frL)
NOTE: í ^ Ľ frL\tL, three and a half hours (see also Appendix J, pp. 249-50)
1S0
ni) it fc'J i-f
->«S +
get on (a vehicle), take get off (a vehicle) go out, leave arrive
iS-j>-1) í-f                    take (time)
~.!-/C/.;:/C (/S%A)      minuteis)
~U<->C                       hour(s)
~fr/\z%   (tf-X,)         day(s) (counter)
	WEEKS	MONTHS	YEARS
1 2 3 4 5 6	iwLrti J>NA	i:4;_lf-5 (frL) íXVlfo (frL) Jt/UMfo (frL)	^t,ftL (frL) KhL (frL) iLtiL (frL) HaL (frL) Z'tiL (frL) 6<ftL (frL)
	i:Li»i tf^		
	í LI t ťfrL ILl * i ^x, C L r» -j 4-/C		
		Zfr\ii (frL) *>->fr\1-> (frL)	
	*>< ItlfrL		
NOTE: *-*t>fcL\iL, one and a half years (see also Appendix J, pp. 249-50)
KEY SENTENCES
1. 2. 3. 4.	XiXíXJi    KiÍJtUíT   T/Cín:    (O'Ji-f. XÍXÍ/Cli    l^Ľrj><XÍT    nLfí    fc'Ji-f. !/:ií!i    <?Ľľ-     £ 9 $ j; -j Ý    TT.   10 1'li/CU -5c5Í-fo £ Ť 5 J: Ť Ír h    i:-,37i T   TIL^T    1 [ĹfrUtL	íolí^i:
1. 2. 3. 4.	Mr. Smith will get on the train at Tokyo Station. Mr. Smith will get off the train at Shinjuku Station. The plane leaves Tokyo at 9:00 and arrives in Sapporo at 10:30. It takes an hour and a half to go by train from Tokyo to Nikko.	
EXERCISES.
O
I.   Practice conjugating verbs. Repeat the verbs below and memorize their — X forms.
	— Of FORM	- X FORM
get on, take	<r><)i-t	<7)tT
get off	fc'Ji-f	fc'JT
go out, leave	rt-t	TT
arrive	lii-f	-o\ *T
take (time)	frfr')i-t	frfr-oX
walk	t>Zit-f	*>Z^X
~ L rt> i frL	week(s)
~«>lf-a	month(s) (counter)
~HL  (frL)	yearfe)
Í.-6S i-r	walk
181
II. Make up dialogues following the patterns of the examples. Substitute the underlined parts with the alternatives given.
A.  State where someone will get on and off a means of public transportation.
ex. X5X*/Ui    níiUiT    T/lĽr-lc    <7)'Já-fo   lX.Ln><;i í T    XL L y í    ri'ii-fo
1..................................................................................................... (*>^To)
2..................................................................................................... (7 7 •>-)
3..................................................................................................... ('«X)
B.  Sřflíř a person's departure and arrival time.
ex. ŕzfr\il*U±    7Ľi:    Ť^Ý    Ti L/c.  8 Ľi:    Mľi:    o* i L/c
1..................................................................................................... (10 ĽK   rtx/k  1 1 Ľic    <ť:ť)
2..................................................................................................... (fcí     KŤ* t 7.   1 ĽCí    ÍJtlK)
. Make up dialogues following the patterns of the examples. Substitute the underlined words with the words suggested by the illustrations.
íj^í jJ>
«fcTi^
flfflj—► pjiQ™nc—>ěi
trm
\*
V
a-if*
7:30
'">
8:00
*>i'.r-
UŤ * Jt •>**
>^S—->^i>i--ft-
	a   a   o
20	a   a   a □   d    a
	a   a    □
•>	□   a    a
	I I I
1>
Jt :iiiii
tŤ í Jt uí
o
j£^
[ľ]m|—» pf[aiDf-|t:
— ^ 3
*T
C-_.
8:00
a a a a   a   a
n o a d □ o ono
£* l K7 -a T            how, in what way
«M "í ^                Akasaka (district in Tokyo)
íí & T Í t)            Otemachi {district in Tokyo)
iS í'.i'                   Azabu (district in Tokyo)
A.  Ask and give the route by which one commutes to work.
ex. ŕzfrlil: X iXÍ/Ui    if Ť ť-? T    iH>Ľŕi:    ^*ii"ií\
X i X:     &±*JpT    %frt-r>[Z    (D r, X.   ťfeTÍ^T    ť'J±-fo fefeTÍM-b    ivLííT    *4íí-r.
1.   fc^li L: -f- + y í AU......................................................................................................................................
^ -V V:    ....................................................................................................................................................................
2.    /iriM±L:+-f í Í/Cli....................................................................................................................................
■t-ľ'i:    .......................................................................................................................................................................
B.  Ask and answer what time one leaves home every day and what time one arrives at the office.
ex. ŕzMil: ivi:£   íť/CĽi:    9^í   Ti-M\> X = X:     7 Ľi:    T í-f o /c^lil: tt/CĽU   4h»LvI:   -^íi-ťK
X ; X:      7_Ľ_l±/,i:    -5$ í-fo
1.   ŕzi-ltl:.......................................................................................................................................................................
*\S:   ......................................................................................................................................................................
ŕ:t-UL:.......................................................................................................................................................................
•í--f>:    ......................................................................................................................................................................
2.   £4-li L:....................................................................................................................................................................
•t-f í :...................................................................................................................................................................
ŕz-ó'ltl:.....................................................................................................................................................................
-r ľ í:    .....................................................................................................................................................................
IV. State how long one's commute to work is. Make up sentences following the pattern of the example. Substitute the underlined words with the alternatives given.
ex.  ň%-h-y>    inlííT    M'T^T    4 0.ÍX    ií^'Jíľo
1.....................................................................................................................................................(t% L <•- 1 Ľ 4^)
2.
('<*,   4 5.JX)
V. Ask and answer how long it takes to get somewhere. Make up dialogues following the pattern of the example. Substitute the underlined words with the words suggested by the illustrations.
ex. XiX:      iíiíiŤ^b     íiUít     ť.'<D C h^    frfr>)ťrt\
1.    X ; X:    ...............................:.........:.................................................................................................................
tti'Vh:.........................................................................................................................................................
2.    'j'í't'í,:..........................................................................................................................................................
f-+>:   ..........................................................................................................................................................
VI. Ask and answer how long one stayed in a certain place. Make up dialogues following the pattern of the example. Substitute the underlined words with the alternatives given.
ex. X j X:     /ctfMilí/Cli    EVX'ŕ,^    -i-3-;i:    »>ÍL/;i\
1.    X i X:.........................................................................................................................  (,t<>3>)
ŕzfrlil:.......................................................................................................................... (2Ui 4-/C)
2.    X ; X:    .......................................................................................................................... (i^lí-z.)
/c 4M i L:.......................................................................................................................... (5 *Mf o)
3.   x ; x:   .......................................................................................................................... (+*-yx7>vX3)
/c 4-li L :.......................................................................................................................... (3 *lL)
tt') ŕz < ■? C ô          Narita Airport
1' * +                      be, stay
— i — 3 — 7            New York
t^7?^->XJ      San Francisco
VII. Make up dialogues following the patterns of the examples. Substitute the underlined words with the alternatives given.
A.  Talk about a summer vacation plan.
ex. "f 1*3:     ti.-3Ap-rAi:     ^'Zlz    ^íi"t^° fr^t'r,: '*'Jt:   i>->T, IfĽ*-2^í*    Ait, ■fľí:     *iTirt\   E'coCbo   ^£VJ:    llítí%.
-t-fi:     ^\*T-tti.
1.   "f-ťí:    ..........................................................................
'jí'ľí,:.......................................................................(íi-3-;, ; i-'/*'t)
Ť -f 3 :     .......................................................................... (-1 - 3 - 7)
íi'4-í; h:......................................................................... (6 4-)
-ŕ-ť S:    ..........................................................................
2.    -f-f 3:     ..........................................................................
tt^ĽÍ»:........................................................................   (í Jf?K.   fc'Tb)
-T-T5:     ........................................................................   (í Jt -7 iT)
íi- 4-f b:.........................................................................   (5 4^)
-f ľ í:.........................................................................
B.  Jnvŕťe someone to an event and tell him or her what the departure time will be.
ex. fr£ i: hltz     11Ľ4'i,     E Ť * Jr. 9 -Ť- f" >l T    fc^ L CO     7x7«'
•f+>: li^o   Íl"/C Ľ U    ÍH-Lf?     Títh T i-f o
1.   frZŤ:............................................................................... (íi/ívlí)
*•+>:...............................................................................
4<£-j:..............................................................................   (íi/c^lí.   30.;:>C.   1 OĽIJX)
ŕ+>:............................................................................
2.    li-Ci:...............................................................................  (J; C li ä)
*+>:...............................................................................
í'ti:............................................................................... (Jt Z li í .   1 Ľ*'X.(±/0.   9 Ľ UX)
Ť+>:...............................................................................
' >' 'J                             Paris
í n — x ij IV              musical
7 x T                     fair
Hfl    Vlil. Talk about a flight itinerary. Complete the following dialogue using the information in the illustrations as a guide.
1.   t-Y>:
2.     I) Jr. C -?j5<i>1<></)     WC:
3.   ft/
4.    i) Jt C 9 #*v» L <• <T)    Ut\.
5.    f-\~y.
\y    IX.Listen to the CD and fill in the blanks based on the information you hear.
^'Lf^t)    í)fAŕ*'(- h i T'...............................T............................... <"bv*
4-^<) í-t „

.t. y ll ll                 Honolulu
') X Z ô ti'i * L v       travel agency
186
SHORT DIALOGUE
CD
Mr. Green wants to go to Kamakura.
7*'J->:-fÁá:-ti-/C,   Z<n    T,Clťli    ^i<bU    ^*i-t4\
/')-y:j:-...Utth i.i^/L-.XZ-tfr-č/LT-tet,^    H'^í)    1 HX-tí-ATtJlo
Green:                   Excuse me. Does this train go to Kamakura?
station employee: No, it doesn't. Please take the Yokosuka Line.
Green:                   Yoko— . . . what is that?
station employee: The Yokosuka Line. It's platform no. 1 on the first underground floor.
Green:                   Thank you.
ijl-/t	Station employee
tZ-tWL	Yokosuka Line
~ML	(train) line
1 \ÍĽéL	platform number one
~\iLÜL	platform number
\. XZ-... *£LT-fi\
When you only hear one part of a word and want to ask someone to repeat it, say íiXTtí' after the part of the word that you understood.
If you're in Japan, ask a station employee the route and time required to get to a place you want to go to.
AT AN ART MUSEUM
C
II TARGET DIALOGUE
Ms. Chan and Ms. Nakamura are looking at woodblock prints at the Sakura Art Museum. The two of them ask a museum employee some questions.


Ukiyoe

ii-Jt.

77 ky h £
Nakamura: These are lovely ukiyoe prints, aren't they?
Chan: They really are lovely, aren't they? Nakamura: Excuse me. Is it all right to take pictures of the ukiyoe prints? museum employee: Yes.
Nakamura: Oh, here's an English-language pamphlet.
Chan: You're right. Excuse me, is it all right to take this pamphlet? museum employee: Sure, go ahead.
■ Ms. Chan received an English-language pamphlet.
VOCABULARY
ukiyoe (woodblock print) may I take (a photograph)? pamphlet, brochure

UMU*
1. Ľc L Li     ČoTfc    iH»T-f4\
Asking permission to do something is done using the following sentence construction: verb - T form + t LH>tf4-„ To grant permission, say li v ». £' i V ("yes, please [do]"), and to refuse permission, say tAí-tíií'.   ŕ, x o t . . . ("I'm sorry, but that would be a little [difficult]. . .").
188
►
PRACTICE
WORD POWER
CD
I.  Verbs:
1. oiH>i +
2. (ŕzíizí) -t^í-r 3. li^'Ji-ŕ
II. Things available at the information counter of a museum:
$?£
ggj-c
l.žtldťí'í         2. A^K-VrtA  K          3.'í>7l/7l-         4. #7o/
oA-wí-f                 use                          *li*«i                   (picture) postcard              "V7W/h   pamphlet
/;lí:ř    +V-Í+    smoke (a cigarette)    -f+.t.-V^-f K     recorded guide                  il 9 o 7'          catalog
£ If:                        cigarette                       "í"ť+—V             earphones, headphones
ling J-f                  enter                           #< F                     guide
189
KEY SENTENCES
1.   Z (D    i.<n    LvlX,£    ^Tt    vu*T"f^
1.   Is it all right to take a photograph of this picture?
2.   Is it all right to use this pen?
-""-------------:-------—-------'---------------'---------^^-------
EXERCISES'

I.   Practice conjugating verbs. Repeat the verbs below and memorize their - T forms.
	- í ~t FORM	- T FORM
use	or)u>i-t	•3^T
smoke	-t^-í-t	t^T
enter	li^'lt-t	liwoT
rest	ť+Ai-f	f-t/CT
«&
Ask permission to do something. Change the sentences below as in the example.
ex.   Z<D     #?□?'£     ti,i'it„
— z<n   fjycifi    tboTt   iu»T-f^ 1.   iťí   ásiti-r.
2.    COT    -í-ť;t;->#0*ř    -5*^>i-f.
3.   c«   *.<n   l^l/CS   t: 'J ± -r0
4.   :;t  ^ií';í   -t^t-t.
5.   *>l/;    nAít.
t ^J    III. /Ist and griwí permission to do something. Make up dialogues following the pattern of the example and based on the information in the illustrations.
ex.-ft'i:Z<n    I ') i i <r>    a f— í     LT t    iH'T'tí-
1.   -t f i: fr£ 1:
2.   ti" Í:, frt 7:
3. -r-rí:
«"Č i:
ŕ> í Y> < í ^        customer, client (polite form of í f < )
191
I
> Li
L'j^    IV. Ask and refuse permission to do something. Make up dialogues following the pattern of the example and based on the information in the illustrations.
1.  OK?	
"yU   J	
	:r       11 i r1 cV   Nj ^-~Jj   h ill/ Ky j- Vv
	/   7 •*■-'   /
	-/           l   É=3     /
	/^rA
2    OK?			
V      '   \			\pÝ
í /      iL	\v*/h           J/\\       ^-^   \  ö    J		
II   l!	/                               / Y/Jb \		
ex. X ; X:                 .ZT    &^l£    ŕ:<X t     i>^T"f^
&Xb<n    ČA^-fAÍ-tr/U*.   í^i: ....
1.    X i X:
ti X h en    VC:
2.    X $ X:
ti X h <r>    V K:
3.    X; X: tiXh<T>    ľ/t:.
<»
V. Get and give assistance at a store. Make up dialogues following the pattern of the example. Substitute the underlined words with the words in parentheses.
ex.  X í X:               -fAi-tfX.    Z CO     ý- L^ĽCO     tl 7 a ?>'    iht)ftii\
1.   X i X:
A-i+O    yd X ; X: A-t+OT     ířt:
(.') i fcL.   '<>7\sy r)
192
LESSON   20
2.    X = X:
A-tfCO    [/ř: X = X: A-tfcO    r>K:
(UX I-77.   #- K)
O
VI. Ask for permission to borrowapen. Look at the illustrations and make up a dialogue that reflects what is happening.
1.    A-t+tf)    Vt:
2.    XÍX:
3.    Xax:
4.    A-tiCO    yt:
5.    X : X:
CD   VII. Listen to the CD and fill in the blanks based on the information you hear.
X-Xi/Cli.................................................fr b.................................................£     oiJh > í -f.
#— K       (business) card
193

J
SHORT DIALOGUES
CĎ    I.   Mr. Green has gone to the hospital to visit a sick friend. He first goes to the reception desk in ■pa         the visiting area.
Titbit Titbit
Z'Ľrtilxt      ti* t*. Í      $H>T<£íl<
D-7ĽT    i)H>Tt    ppTtí)-. lio.
receptionist: Please write your address and your name. Green:          May I write in Roman letters?
receptionist: Yes.
romanized Japanese
II. Mr. Green is visiting a friend.
7"')-y-.ZZ\z   i:£-d?   ti^Xi    i»v»Tt^. £ tr£t>: lii\  cfi-ť,
/'J —>: (after chatting for a while) tAÍ-tfL   £>'TÍ>bi»í     -3^-, T í,
c: í,/:'*.: Iii\   ^Ť*'.
Green:         May I put my luggage here?
friend:         Yes, please do.
Green:         Excuse me. May I use your bathroom?
friend:         Yes, go right ahead.
(-T form of K i i i")
P'jt
If you're in Japan, go to various stores or public institutions and ask permission to do something—to take a photograph, for example.
BEING WARNED OR ADVISED
C
1 TARGET DIALOGUE
Ms. Chan and Ms. Nakamura are looking at a picture of Mt. Fuji in the art museum.
+ +y : z<r>   >M!3X,<7)   xli   £T&    ÍK^Tt«. •f \v : tc^tľbíX,,  z<n   i_<r>   ix.?   frŕzl<r>
tífrtJ b ■ 111 \    ^i>'JiL/;,    í:  'J i i~ Jt o   (rate a flash picture)
tH'b : -f A i-ti:X,.  fc^HJ i L/bo
■  ÍL-^bí/Cli    .!> Ľ í /C<?0    x<7)    i*T    f--r->ÍX,W    l ť l/C£      rJ'JíU:.
Chan: This picture of Mt. Fuji is really lovely, isn't it? Nakamura: Yes, it is.
Chan: Ms. Nakamura, please take a photograph of me in front of this picture. Nakamura: Okay, right. Are you ready? museum employee: Excuse me. Please don't use a flash here. Nakamura: I'm sorry, I understand.
■ Ms. Nakamura took a photograph of Ms. Chan in front of a picture of Mt. Fuji.

VOCABULARY
Mt. Fuji
(said when you are about to take someone's photo)
flash
please don't use
HUMS
i. ;:t   777yií   ifrh+£\*T< tz$\\
The "please do not..." construction is formed as follows: verb - ii'i * + T + < tži l \ This expression is often used by managers or officials when asking someone to refrain from doing something, although it can also be used by restaurant customers when requesting that a specific ingredient not be used.
ex. í iL Ť í    v »Hifi »T < tu v'.  "Please don't put any sugar in it."
195
To make this rather strong expression sound softer, give the reason why you would like the other person to refrain from doing what they are about to do.
ex. ZZi:    <ítí    í*i'/i'f<ťíi-. TCiiť+í-í,. "Please do not park your car here. (This) is an exit."
RACTICE
WORD POWER — ^P   I.  The -fcWomn:
1	
	-ti'i-f • -th'x^
	Ttf^'i-f • -3frh*£\*
	ŕ: t, ft .  /;/;í,H>
	oAif.ni'iv
	t'lit . Kř,íri>
4
£1+4+• üi+t-v
Lrti-f • U'i'ľ
iirtj-r • M'jľ
í ä -f • c íi-i <
Li-f • l<^'
k t, ft
stand up
196
9
Restrictions:
1. ÍLilL
2.^-jUíHL
KEY SENTENCES
1.     3 Cli    v*') <-ŕ,T-t^b.   <ZÍÍ     £#><ŕoT< fc'ív
2.    -flu    hí ľ/í    i>-K.í:i»T</=í^.
1.    This is the entrance, so please don't park your car here.
2.    Please don't put any wasabi in the sushi.
EXERCISES'

I.   Practice conjugating verbs. Repeat the verbs below and memorize their — 4v > forms.
REGULAR I		REGULAR II		IRREGULAR	
- í "ť FORM	- t£ I » FORM	— í~t FORM	— <f k > FORM	- 4 Í" FORM	— <ŕ \ » FORM
ItLi-t		Ä-tŕi-t v»K4f		í 4-f L4-t	
		^;-<4-r *l+4-f			
OA4-T «^•J4-f	»Í4»	1*4 +	l*>ftv<		
	>)-x. í>í:i»	Aít	A4v		
t.» Ť LvHL
no smoking, nonsmoking
no parking
wasabi, Japanese (green) horseradish
v-íti-t
put in, add
197
'

II.  Practicethe - <i'V»form. Change the following verbs to their - fc» > forms. ex. $>^Í1~ -* &h+±\ >
1.  ásiti-ť -*...........................................................................
2.  WÍŤ — ...........................................................................
3.t:>)i-r—............................................................................
4. iľ^ít -»...........................................................................
5.  UÍŤ —............................................................................
6.**i-t—............................................................................
III.  Forbid someone to do something. Look at the illustrations and make up sentences as in the example.
ex.   í -ČÍ     Jhtft-t     -»ifcTÍ     *>l-tti^T<ŕz*\\
i.   UL/Lř   í: u i -r —*.................................................................
2.   KTř     L»ít       -»................................................................................................................
3.   TX5Í    It L i -t      —..................................................................................................................
4.   <4if     Wlf      -»..................................................................................................................
IV'. Forbid someone to do something and give a reason. Make up sentences following the pattern of the example. Substitute the underlined part with the alternatives given.
ex. I Z11    o'J <'t>Tirfrh.   <£££    £*f>4.'i»T<fc*S^.
1.................................................................................... (T <• t, r-t)
2.................................................................................... (A-tíco    i * T-f)
3..................................................................................   (ímiLfHL ?t)
ex I
	ENTRANCE
2^	íÄ,
* * ^	<ySš>
TO*,
V. Make up dialogues following the patterns of the examples. Substitute the underlined part(s) with the alternatives given.
A.  Ask someone to refrain from smoking.
ex. fv>:                 -fAi-tíX,   Z<n    TXLv-li    Ý/Cx./lTľ^b.  ŕz
lizt   irhtc^Tirzi^.
&ZZ<r>    y V.: \t\\  hfr1) í Iŕz. -fAá-tíX.
1.   -ŕ-t-V:              ....................................................................... (Z<n     UXr-7>li    í/Cx/CTt)
£ t ; co   y í: :......................................................................
2.   f-t>:              ....................................................................... {hfrt>?LV   i'it)
ť t ; co   y £:.......................................................................
B.  Order something at a restaurant and request that a specific ingredient not be used.
ex. -ŕ-r-V:             -fJ*HŽL.   ">'<—#—ž     fcHiHait.
Ä-tfcO     V £: l±^o
*•+>:             -f Ai-tŕ/U*.   Vft77'?    n*Hť^T< fc'ii».
A-trW     ÍA£: |iv\   fr^'J í L/co
1.   ť -f >:           ................................................................................................................ (t L)
A-tícO    y t:...............................................................................................................
•f- i- >:           ................................................................................................................ (4-) í V)
A-tí-co    y £:...............................................................................................................
2.    ft>:            ............................................................................................................... (ÍVFfví)
A-tícO     y K ;...............................................................................................................
^ -ť >:            ................................................................................................................ (73Í--X)
A -tí cO     y £:...............................................................................................................
3.    f- +■ V:            ................................................................................................................ (TfX3-t-)
A-tí-co     y H:...............................................................................................................
ť + >:           ................................................................................................................ (í t i)
A-tí-cO    y £:...............................................................................................................
VI. Listen to the CD and fill in the blanks based on the information you hear.
C*Ob                                    ..X'...                     ....................V    í>'Já1%
t>frt>rL          baby                                         73*-*        mayonnaise
>**><—if—         hamburger                                            T 4 X 3 — t -     iced coffee
*■-f t-/"/          ketchup                                        Í £ i               5uSar
62
SHORT DIALOGUES
CD
I.   Mr. Smith got drunk at the Sasakis' house and spilled red wine on their clean carpet. The next day, he apologizes at the office.
XiX:íť5í*/C.   Í<Di\t    1-Ai-tr/CTl/;. iií:ni>i   cť-7-t"    i C    Líl'oT< /civ».
Smith:  Ms. Sasaki, I'm so sorry about yesterday. Sasaki: No, please don't let it bother you.
VOCABULARY
Si:     Ľfri»T</:S\'
Si:    It-t
don't worry about it; don't let it bother you worry (about), be bothered (by)
Mr. Smith goes to the clinic with a stomachache.
^ I <•: 3 Jt Ť li    fcílTř    <r>i+£\*T<f:i^
X = X: liv\  fri^'J ä L/co
Doctor: Don't drink any alcohol today. Smith:   Ok, I understand.
VOCABULARY
i'Li
(medical) doctor
What would you say in these situations?
1.  A stranger is trying to park in front of your house.
2.  The person next to you lights up a cigarette in a nonsmoking car on the shin-kansen.
I
200
Quiz 4 (Units 8-9)
m Fill in the blank(s) in each sentence with the appropriate particle. Where a particle is not needed, write in an X.
1.   XUUli    tfn>3*C0     íi(             ) L »J J: i £     UíL/-;.
2.   :^ŕz-r>#><r>   frť(             )Uŕ£')(             )±ti<iT< t-isw
3.   ŕ*'<— h<n    Í3(              )E*4T</c'Sv\.
4.   ŕcdMilí/Ui    L.r^(             )T/LLľ( co'J i-f o
5.   L.W            )£3<í(            )tKo(
6.   /c'J^íi L ť5 >Cli    *y?>(             )1L.*Ť^/C(
7.   L/C^/C-tfr/Ui    8Ľ{             ) £7 3 J: 9 x í ( (             ) 3 Jt 7 KJÍŠ (             )-7Íít.
8.   ::(              )£rj>-?Lv>3/CLT-f(              ).  < £ i (
fc'jx, '<x(            :
)TT,   1 O Ľ
Krtíť^T
Complete each question by filling in the blank with the appropriate word.
1.   Lrt> 1 tr>\Z(            )í     Lá lŕ:t\ ^ÍI^^T.   7}n»tCOÝ     LÍL/:,
2.  (             iťííí^LUi:    TX.fc>£     LÍL/c5\
0»V>3V)     J*. U      LÍL/;.
3.  (             )*n»L^l:   ^3 i-f>5\
lô'ťT    ^^T-olc    n-,1,   3'/CÍ*T    íi'ii-t.  SX3>í>    Mi í T    10.S^    *>-53í-f.
4.   K-iÍJfi^ŕ,    íifeí^iT   í/:iít(            M^'Ját^,,
mi§ Complete the table by writing in the appropriate forms of the verbs.
— í "f FORM
^3i-f l#>£-f

— T FORM
It L T
^T
*>ltT
3T LT
— íf V * FORM

L*>frn
L*ťv
Complete the sentences by filling in the blank(s) with the appropriate form of the word(s) given at the end.
i. x;xí/Cli   i<Di    lz't<r>   ž>£T   tttz^t    x.^-'čť.            ),
lř/CC*IÍ/C£     f:<í L/co   (Aít)
3.   fcv»U>   -flť£(                              ) < /i'íOo(íiLxi-r)
4.   oí'co    CŤÍT/CS    Áriet             ),   io-f<*(             )</í*^.   (i
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