(30) ( o L E s s 0 N ................2 AM/Yfc® Sh°PP'n9 frUfc) Dialogue o 11 Mary goes to a flea market. 1 / T 'J - : Mearii 2 A-tí-^tAč : Mise no hito jo J> '1 l> Mearii 4 AiříO^i : Mise no hito &> h ') i> 5 / T "J - : Mearii 6 A-tí-í^íAu : Mise no hito jo h i li 7 / T 'J - : Mearii Sumimasen. Z tili VN < č,f 1**" Kore wa ikura desu ka. ^tm í ^-(ží^x.^t• to Sore wa sanzen en desu. Takai desu ne. Jaa, ano tokee wa ikura desu ka. Are wa sanzengohyaku en desu. «tt*'. &tii tzfr^X'-fteo Soo desu ka. Are mo takai desu ne. Kore wa senhappyaku en desu yo. Jaa, . sono tokee o kudasai. A man finds a wallet on the ground. a L h &v^£ Shiranai hito 9 / r >j - : Mearii © z tili tztlCO $V^,-Cfd Kore wa dare no saifu desu ka. frtzLco S^i,-C"to Watashi no saifu desu. Arigatoo gozaimasu. After shopping, Mary goes to a restaurant. hi- h tx : v>bo L^VNá-ti-0 ^ii-ž í*Ť Ý'„ Ueetoresu Irasshaimase. Menyuu o doozo. Mearii i i x ií 3 h Ueetoresu 4 / T V - Mearii 1 I I Ü Ueetoresu Mearii jo * 1 i- 7 j*7'J- l/X » t l>X Mearii Ueetoresu ft + l^X řf-9 *>o Ztlli *£LX~tt\ Doomo. Kore wa nan desu ka. Dore desu ka. Aa, tonkatsu desu. Tonkatsu? Sakana desu ka. lie, sakana ja arimasen. Niku desu. Oishii desu yo. 1*«**, Ztli: joteA^lŽ-to Jaa, kore o onegaishimasu. ■fAitfX,, řitá?)bv>iá iTc-c-t-**, Sumimasen, otearai wa doko desu ka. b%Z tf„ Asoko desu. Mary: Excuse me. How much is this? Vendor: It is 3,000 yen. Mary: It's expensive. Well then, how much is that watch? Vendor: That is 3,500 yen. Mary: I see. That is expensive, too. Vendor: This is 1,800 yen. Mary: Then, I'll take that watch. i * * Stranger: Whose wallet is this? Mary: It's my wallet. Thank you very much. Waitress: Welcome. Here's the menu. Mary: Thank you. What is this? Waitress: Which one? Oh, it is tonkatsu (pork cutlet). Mary: Tonkatsu'' Is it fish? Waitress: No, it is not fish. It is meat. It is delicious. Mary: Then, I'll have this. * * * Mary: Excuse me. Where is the restroom? Waitress: It is over there. 0 tc hj £ c a b u I That P o i kore sore are dore kono sono ano dono asoko doko dare oishii sakana tonkatsu niku menyuu yasai enpitsu kasa kaban kutsu saifu jiinzu jisho jitensha shinbun teepu tokee toreenaa n t this one that one that one (over there) which one this . . . that . . . that . . . (over there) which . . . over there where who delicious fish pork cutlet meat menu vegetable pencil umbrella bag shoes wallet jeans dictionary bicycle newspaper tape watch; clock sweat shirt *< y ML Places Countries T/ ') ii Majors 3 > t° a - f — : A r • t ft I f L' fi f ft 5 L Family £ T $ Money Ma * \ i { ii, * ~44 nooto pen booshi hon otearai kissaten ginkoo toshokan yuubinkyoku Amerika Igirisu Kankoku Chuugoku keezai konpyuutaa bijinesu rekishi okaasan otoosan Iters ikura ... en takai notebook pen hat; cap book restroom cafe bank library post office U.S.A. Britain Korea China economics computer business history mother father how much . . . yen expensive Expressions * Lf'^i-ti' irasshaimase Welcome (to our store) * fctei'^Lii" (... o) onegaishimasu. .., please. * (— S) { ti^i V« ( . . . o) kudasai Please give me . . . * \Z f h iaa then . . . ; if that is the case, . . . * (~ S) if 1 ■€■* ( . . . o) doozo Here it is. * *} |) doomo Thank you. * Words that appear in the dialogue iS\fv\^z> Grammar zft *ft 35ft £ft What do we do when we want to talk about things that we do not know the names of? We say "this thing," "that one," and so forth. In Japanese, we use kore, sore, and are. ZtlM Vi < hX'tt\ Kore wa ikura desu ka. Sore wa sanzen en desu. How much is this? That is 3,000 yen. Kore refers to a thing that is close to you, the speaker ("this thing here"). Sore is something that is close to the person you are talking to ("that thing in front of you"), and are refers to a thing that is neither close to the speaker nor the listener ("that one over there"). Are wa watashi no pen desu. Kore wa watashi no pen desu. Sore wa watashi no pen desu. There is also an expression dore for "which." Here we will learn to use dore in sentences like: Dore desu ka. Which one is it (that you are talking about)? mm< In this lesson, we will not explore the full extent to which the word dore can be put to use, because there is a slight complication with question words like dore. Question words like dore and nani cannot be followed by the particle wa. Instead, you must use the particle ga and say: Dore ga anata no pen desu ka. Which one is your pen? Z(D/i0/^O)/H(D + noun If you want to be slightly more specific than kore, sore, and are, you can use kono, sono, and ano together with a noun. (Note here that the re series must always stand alone, while the no series must always be followed by a noun.) Thus, if you know that the item in your hand is a watch (tokee), instead of: Kore wa ikura desu ka. you can say: Kono tokee wa ikura desu ka. How much is this? How much is this watch? Similarly, if you are talking about a watch that is held by the person you are talking to, you can say: Sono tokee wa sanzen en desu. That watch is 3,000 yen. And if the watch is far from both the speaker and the listener, you can say: fccP g ItWJ 5 A,-£'AsZ'U*> < Z.A,~Ci~0 That watch over there is 3,500 yen. Ano tokee wa sanzengohyaku en desu. If you already know that one of several watches is 3,500 yen but do not know which, you can say: if<9£lt^*** $ A,-£A,Z'V* < X.A,X*~?fra Which watch is 3,500 yen? Dono tokee ga sanzengohyaku en desu ka. Since dono is a question word, just like dore discussed above, we cannot use the particle wa with it; we must use ga. 0 To summarize: Ztl Z(D noun (IS~) close to the person speaking ttl (tt~) noun (B~) close to the person listening 35tl <&CD noun far from both people an w~) df© noun unknown tiztlQ) noun In Lesson 1, we learned how to say things like Mearii san no denwa bangoo (Mary's phone number) and Takeshi san no okaasan (Takeshi's mother). We now learn how to ask who something belongs to. The question word for "who" is dare, and for "whose," we simply add the particle no. d*U2 fztico fr\£LX"ffr Kore wa dare no kaban clesu ka. Whose bag is this? Sore wa Sun san no kaban desu. That is Sue 's bag. We will learn just one more ko-so-a-do set in this lesson: koko, soko, asoko, and doko are words for places. here, near me tz there, near you mz over there az where You can ask for directions by saying: -ffr t -fr/v, yp 1 WA- $ & < li Z'Z X*1*i)\ Excuse me, where is the post office? Sumimasen, yuubinkyoku wa doko desu ka. If you are close by, you can point toword the post office and say: (yp 1 XfL * X < (i) h % Z. X't. (The post office is) right over there. (Yuubinkyoku wa) asoko desu. We will learn how to give more specific directions in Lesson 4. ■ t noun % In Lesson 1, we learned how to say "Item A is this, item B is that." We now learn how to say "Item A is this, and item B is this, too." Takeshi san wa nihonjin desu. Michiko san mo nihonjin desu. Takeshi is a Japanese person. Michiko is Japanese, too. Note that these two sentences are almost identical in shape. This is natural, as they both claim that a certain person is Japanese. The second sentence, however, is different from the first in that we do not find the particle wa in it. We have mo instead. Mo is a particle that indicates that that item, too, has the given property. One thing that you should watch out for is exactly where the particle is placed. In English, the word "too" can be placed after the sentence as a whole, as in the example above. Not so in Japanese. In the above example, mo must directly follow Michiko san. A li A is X. jxj zrr. B too is X. two items shared property noun U^o (It is delicious). These sentences cannot be negated by replacing desu with ja arimasen, because takai and oishii are not nouns. Are mo takai ja arimasen and oishii ja arimasen are therefore not grammatical. Instead, one would have to say takaku arimasen and oishiku arimasen. We will learn about the conjugation pattern of adjectives in Lesson 5. 0 Ja in ja arimasen is a contraction of dewa. In written Japanese, the uncontracted form is more common; thus, the above sentence more likely appears in writing as Yamada san wa gakusee dewa arimasen. affirmative: (X IS) Y -c?0 X is Y. negative: (X|i) Y W&DŽUtvo X is not Y. Statements often end with the tags ne or yo, depending on the way the speaker views the interaction with the listener. If the speaker is seeking the listener's confirmation or agreement to what has been said, then ne ("right?") could be added. ') — J t> /v(3 .it A, ft* < X"f fa0 Ms. Lee, your major is literature, right? Rii san no senmon wa bungaku desu ne. Kore wa niku ja arimasen ne. This is not meat, is it? Another particle, yo ("I tell you"), is added to a statement if the speaker wants to assure the listener of what has been said. With yo added, a statement becomes an authoritative decree. Tonkatsu wa sakana ja arimasen yo. Let me assure you. "Tónkatsu" is not fish. ŠŠ2IM mms—s Expression Notesl Sumisu san wa igirisujin desu yo. (In case you're wondering,) Mr. Smith is British. (—^t)t> < (gohyaku) 5 < U Vp -5 (rokujuu) i£JS (nana) I tl/uU^ô Prací ®1Í~ÔL/ (Numbers) c e 100 U# < 1,000 10,000 hyaku sen ichiman 200 i-u* < 2,000 20,000 nihyaku nisen niman 300 3,000 30,000 sanbyaku sanzen sanman 400 XA,U* < 4,000 40,000 yonhyaku yonsen yonman 500 rtAf < 5,000 r-tí-a, 50,000 gohyaku gosen goman 600 6,000 5 < -a^ 60,000 h < i^ roppyaku rokusen rokuman 700 t£*£V* < 7,000 70,000 i 4 á /t. nanahyaku nanasen nanaman 800 llolřt < 8,000 80,000 happyaku hassen hachiman 900 9,000 $YP1 -tí-X 90,000 kyuuhyaku kyuusen kyuuman A. Read the following numbers. @ (a) 34 (b) 67 (c) 83 (d) 99 (e) 125 (f) 515 (S) 603 (h) 850 (i) 1,300 (j) 3,400 (k) 8,900 (1) 35,000 W 64,500 (n) 92,340 B. Look at the pictures and answer how much the things are. @ Example: Q : vn< t>"C-f*% Pen wa ikura desu ka. A : titO i x.^•C■fo Hachijuu en desu. Ex. O ¥80 (4) (8) A»ÍÍA/ ¥20,000 ¥50 (5) T-? (9) Ľ L i (13) (í Ť L ¥2,800 41 d) (2) *»5 (6) < o (7) iťítv' ¥1,500 ¥600 ¥3,500 ¥10,000 do) b->x (n) ir-cA/L^ C. Pair Work—One of you looks at picture A and the other looks at picture B (p. 50). (Don't look at the other picture.) Find out the price of all items. Example: A : Z-Llf^lX ^< hX*-f*\ Enpitsu wa ikura desu ka. B : U-r < x.^"C"to Hyaku en desu. 0 ► £1£-£;£SI Picture A ¥1,200 ¥36,000 ¥10,000 ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥8,000 ¥ A. Items (1) through (6) are near you, and items (7) through (12) are near your friend. Your friend asks what these things are. Answer the questions. Pay attention to Z.tl (kore) and -^tl (sore). @ Example 1: Your friend : £ ft ii +£L~Q~ti\ Sore wa nan desu ka. You : ztiii A>-c-f„ Kore wa pen desu. Example 2: Your friend : Zfali &A,-C"f£\ Kore wa nan desu ka. You : -i-tlli h l-i--X'-fa Sore wa toreenaa desu. B. Look at the picture and tell what each building is. © Example: Q : &*Ui &/,"Cl"*\ Are wa nan desu ka. A : feftti £ I x *^-C-f= Are wa toshokan desu. C. Pair Work—Point out five things in the classroom and ask your partner what they are using Ztl (kore), Ztl (sore), or &tl (are). Refer to the picture on p. 53 for the vocabulary. Example 1: a : htm i/^-c-fav Are wa nan desu ka. / B : htm £ttVN-ci-„ Are wa tokee desu. Example 2: Sore wa nan desu ka. B : ztm <>-t1"o Kore wa pen desu. D. Pair Work—One of you looks at card A and the other looks at card B (p. 51). Ask and answer questions to find out the price of each item. Use Z(D (kono), (sono), or (and) appropriately. Example: Customer: v^ < ttth Kono hon wa ikura desu ka. Store attendant : K^A^V-^ < x.A,"C1"„ Nisen hyaku en desu. Card A ¥12,600 ¥2,100 (4) wallet ¥7,350 ¥2,100 Part I. You are a store attendant. Tell Part II. You are a customer. Ask for the the customer how much each item is. prices of items (1)~(5). Pair Work—Point at each item below (picture A) and ask whose it is. Your partner will refer to the picture B (p. 52) and tell you who it belongs to. Example: A : ZfHi tz*l **$-C"t**o Kore wa dare no kasa desu ka. B : /f'J -$A,« A^-Cto Mearii san no kasa desu. Picture A (1) (2) (3) Switch roles with your partner. (6) (7) (8) (4) (5) Look at the pictures below and describe each picture. @ Example: Otoosan wa nihonjin desu. t-ti/vU/C-c-f,, Okaasan mo nihonjin desu. Ex. Japanese Father Mother (1) second year (2) ¥5,800 Mary Tanaka (4) Clt^ tokee (3) 22-years old Takeshi Robert » s o L\ A. Look at the chart on the next page and answer the questions. @ Example: Q : Hi I; \IL I* Mearii san wa nihonjin desu ka. Me, nihonjin ja arimasen. Amerikajin desu. Takeshi san wa chuugokujin desu ka. 2. o/<-r S/tu r/'jÄL^ttK Robaato san wa amerikajin desu ka. Yamashita sensee wa kankokujin desu ka. Robaato san no senmon wa nihongo desu ka. 5. x-iF,t<7) -t^t/Uá itv^A-ci"*** Suu san no senmon wa keezai desu ka. 6. tclfliHi H 7 íwřfwií< so -tí-^-C1-*>0 Takeshi san wa Toozai daigaku no gakusee desu ka. 7. Ar'J-S/Ui ó > K>£v>a* < «0 <-tf-^-t-ta* Mearii san wa Rondon daigaku no gakusee desu ka. Takeshi san wa ninensee desu ka. 9. X-$/Uá v^ti^^-^í•v^-c■t*>0 Suu san wa ichinensee desu ka. lo. nA-ř.*,uá iftx,-tf-v^*i-*\ Robaato san wa yonensee desu ka. Hart, Mary J ü h tz It L Kimura Takeshi Kim, Sue Smith, Robert Yamashita sensee Nationality American Japanese Korean British Japanese School U. of Arizona Tozai Univ. Seoul Univ. U. of London Tozai Univ. Major Japanese history computer business (Japanese teacher) Year 2nd year 4th year 3rd year 4th year B. Pair Work—Ask your partner whose belongings items (1) through (7) are. Your partner will refer to the picture on the next page and answer the questions. Example: A: Z tili ^7')-$ A,?) ^^KUX't*\ Kore wa Mearii san no saifu desu ka. lie, Mearii san no saifu ja arimasen. A : z tili 'J—SA/ťO ív^J.-C't*^ Kore wa Rii san no saifu desu ka. B:ii, Y-$L ^v^,^-Ci-0 Ee, Rii san no saifu desu. Ex. (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) genu B. Role Play—One student is a waiter/waitress. The other student goes to a restaurant. Look at the menu below and order some food or drink, using Dialogue E as a model. a , „ . * * & li A. If * 4' % so ) ►SB-Sä» Pair Work(T)C.= Example: A ', £^Uf■^{i V>< Enpitsu wa ikura desu ka. B : < z-LX'-fo Hyaku en desu. Picture B 4^ ¥3,700 ¥4,500 ¥9,000 ¥ ¥7,000 KI2SN si Pair WorkCijD.; Example: Customer: Z\ Kono hon wa ikura desu ka. Store attendant: I'-H/vX)-*? < x.A,X'-f0 Nisen hyaku en desu. Card B ©ST Part I. You are a customer. Ask for the Part II. You are a store attendant. Tell price of items (l)-(5). the customer how much each item is. Pair Work (i); Example: A : Ztvli Ťitico fr^X'-ffr Kore wa dare no kasa desu ka. B : / T 1J — $ A/<£> A*5-Cto Mearii san no kasa desu. Picture B /T 'J - Mearii a/í-h íiL/:*^' Robaato Yamashita sensee 0 In the Classroom denki kokuban K T doa - / 7 y L_ kaban Useful Expressions Wakarimashita. Wakarimasen. Yukkuri itte kudasai. t Ť u t v n -o -C < Ť£ $ v1 Moo ichido itte kudasai. *> 1 o £ Ž o -t < fc* 5v\,- Chotto matte kudasai. T understand./I understood. I don't understand./I don't know. -Please speak slowly. -Please say it again. Please wait.