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quadripartition, have a semantic character. The sememes associate among themselves through semic identity. Through a componential investigation it can be proved that all the associated sememes have in common a series of semes.
10 To explain the association by a partial identity of meaning means once again to explain it by similitude or by analogy. Thus the diagram would confirm the fact that, at the roots of the pun's forced contiguity, previous resemblances are found. |
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However, in its historic development, semantic theory has provided a series of explanations capable of capsizing our problem once again. If we reread the associative sequences, we see that each one of them could be constructed in retracing itself to a 'field of notions' accepted in a given culture or to one of the typical linguistic crossroads theorized by Trier, Matoré, and others. |
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Let us look, for example, at the sequence generated by /Tal/: 'space' and 'place' are the archisememes codified by the dictionary itself; the relationship between space and time is a typical antonymic relation by complementarity, which one imagines to be already acquired by a culture in the form of a semantic axis (the antonymic relationship is the structural precondition for comprehension of the signified of one of the two lexemes: the opposition /space vs. time/ precedes the semantic constitution of the two sememes; the antonym should be considered as one of the possible immediate connotations of the lexeme and thus as one of its most curious semantic marks; not by chance do more sophisticated dictionaries define a lexeme by its opposite as well as by its synonym). The time-past relationship is also acquired in the interior of a very obvious field of notions, registrable in advance. Vico's past-cycles relationship is born out of a type of classbook-like contiguity, somewhat like one's visual memory of a page out of Monarch Notes. Thus all associations, before being grasped as identity or similarity of meaning, are grasped as contiguity internal to semantic fields and axes or to a componential spectrum of the lexeme that considers even the most peripheral connotations. |
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This means that all connections were already codified before the artist could recognize them by pretending to institute or discover them. This allows us to affirm that it is in theory possible to construct an automaton whose memory would conserve all the semantic fields and axes which we have just mentioned; it is thus within its capacity to establish the connections which we have indicated (or, as it were, to attempt to make others; this could mean writing a new FW or reading FW in a way different from our own). |
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What makes the pun creative is not the series of connections (which precedes it as already codified); it is the decision of the short circuit, the so-called metaphoric one. Because, in fact, between /mensonge/ and |
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