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Page 239
lain of Clarissa, just as Lovelace is not the Villain of Oliver Twist. Meeting outside their stories Fagin and Lovelace might be a very pleasant couple of good guys, and maybe the one could become the Donor of the other.
They might. As a matter of fact, they cannot. Without a Clarissa on whom to press his attention, Lovelace is lost. Better, he is unborn.
To summarize the remarks of paragraphs 8.7.2 and 8.7.3 one can thus say the following:
In a WN individuals are identified through their structurally necessary properties (hereafter S-necessary properties). These are symmetrical relations of strict textual interdependence. They may or may not be identical with those properties recognized as essential; in any case, they cannot deny them. Accidental properties do not belong to the world of the fabula and are taken into account only by the discoursive structures.
8.8. Accessibility Among Narrative Worlds
8.8.1. Relation of Accessibility Between W0 and WN
The comparison of WN to W0 can assume different forms in different periods and according to different decisions on the part of the reader:
(i) He can compare every WNs1 to W0 looking for the versimilitude of the different states of affairs taken as synchronic.
(ii) He can compare WN to different W0 (I can read the Divine Comedy referring to the encyclopedia of a reader of the Middle Ages or to my own).
(iii) According to different literary genres the WN suggests the right reference world: a historical novel asks for a reference to the W0 of historical encyclopedia; a fairy tale wants the comparison with the world of our direct experience just to make us feel the pleasure of the Incredible; a rich typology of genres is possible from this point of view (Pavel, 1975).
Suppose, however, that the reader has established his reference world W0. In the case of Drame it should be a portion of the nineteenth-century Parisian milieu.
Let us consider a world structure W0 in which Raoul and Marguerite do not exist; rather, M. de Porto-Riche (1849-1930) and the Théâtre d'Application (in the figure p and t) do exist.
Let us compare it to a world structure WN where Raoul (r) and Marguerite (m) exist as supernumeraries.
Then let us consider a third world structure W0® WN showing the way in which WN can be constructed starting from W0 (relation of accessibility).

 
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