MAJOR CHINESE CERAMIC GLAZED TYPES Dynasty Ceramic Variety Glaze Composition Origin Comments Shang (16th-11th century BC)- Early Han (1 st century AD) Proto-celadon ash-glaze Across south China Early Han (1 st century) Mature Celadon, Black iron-colored glazes ash-glaze Shangyu Zhejiang Provonce Tang (AD 618-907) Polychrome glaze painted Underglaze copper red ash-glaze Tongguan kilns Hunan- Changsha Tang, Five Dynasties, early Song Yue-ware (Celedon) Ca-glaze, plantash (or limestone)+clay Shanglinhu Multiple kilns- Zhejiang Province Yue-ware yellow-green glaze includes Mise blue-green glaze Han (AD 300) First white porcelain Ca-glazes, plant or wood ash (or limestone)+clay Henan, Anhui Provinces made from secondary clays, not kaolin Tang, Five Dynasties Xing-ware, (Chinese porcelain white) Ca-glazes, plamt ash (or limestone)+clay Hebei Province Tang Gongxian cobalt decoration Lime-alkali overglaze, Hebei Province Rare Tang “Northern Polychromes” Light blue or blue-white patches on a black, yellow-brown, or yellow glaze Ca-glazes, plant ash (or limestone)+clay Lushan kiln Henan Province Other kilns known Tang Tang Sancai (thee colors) White body, glaze with green, yellow and Co blue designs PbO Gongxian kilns, Henan Province Analog to Early Islamic Splash glazes Tang, early Yuan Ding-ware (Chinese porcelain white) Ca-glazes, plamt ash or limestone)+clay Hebei Province Northern Song (AD 960- 1127) made for Imperial use (1111-1125) Ru Thick Ca-glaze, iron blue cicada’s wing” crazing Qingliangsi (Northern Song Capitol), Henan Province About 100 pieces known MAJOR CHINESE CERAMIC GLAZED TYPES Dynasty Ceramic Variety Glaze Composition Origin Comments Southern Song (AD 1127-1279) made for Imperial use Guan Thick Ca-glaze, heavily cracked glaze Hangzhou (Southern Song Capitol), Zhejiang Province Southern Song (AD 1127-1279) pieces made into subsequent Yuan dynasty Ge Thick Ca-glaze cracked glaze Hangzhou (Southern Song Capitol), Zhejiang Province “Gold thread and iron wire” Song and Jin dynasties (late 10 th - early 13 th centuries) early Yuan dynasty Jun Thick, opaque glaze, blue color from interference effect, Rayleigh scattering, not a pigment effect Ruzhou (town) multiple kilns, Henan Province color varies, blue-white, rose-purple, crabapple-red Northern Song - late; Southern Song; early Yuan Longquan celadon Ca-glaze Longquan County, Zhejiang Province Yaozhou kilns produced between Tang and Yuan Primarily during Northern Song and Jin dynasties, but Yaozhou celadon alkali-Ca-line glaze mix of porcelain stone and limestone, multi-layer application suspended bubbles, unmixed glaze batch Yaozhou kilns, Shaanxi Province Decoration carved or molded prior to glazing (Black flower design painted over white slip mostly during Tang and Yuan dynasties) Some tenmoku produced Northern Song and Jin dynasties Cizhou; includes carved, stamped, body black and white slips, cut-paper resist, polychrome slips/ Ca-alkali flux, Fe2O3, some slip- decorated Cizhou kilns Hebei Province elsewhere across northern China Gangwa kiln, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia Painted, appliques, incised folk pottery Northern Song and Jin dynasties Qingbai (blueish- white) Jizhou ware - black or tortoiseshell glaze Ca-alkali flux, Fe2O3, Jizhou kilns, Jiangxi Province Includes tealeaf, paper cut-outs MAJOR CHINESE CERAMIC GLAZED TYPES Dynasty Ceramic Variety Glaze Composition Origin Comments Northern Song; Yuan dynasties Tenmoku Phase-separated glazes Thick Ca-alkali glazes+ Fe2O3, Jian kiln, Fujian province (Hare’s fur) Kilns in Henan, Hebei, and Shannxi Provinces (oilspot, other types) Oil-Spot, Hare’s fur; partridge spot, Liao, Xixia dynasty 10th- 12th centuries In the tradion of Chizhou ware. Painted or carved designs in black glaze, sgrafitto carved Thick Ca-alkali glazes+ Fe2O3, Ningxia-Lingwu kiln Inner Mongolia, Similar pieces of Chizhou ware made in Hebei, Henen, Shanxi, Mostly brown- white contrast, some polychromes Yuan dynasty to present Underglaze decorated porcelain Blue, red, black underglaze Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province Ming dynasty (Wanli reign 1573-1620) Underglaze decorated porcelain Wucai, doucai, Copies of Song monchrome glazes Multiple firings of pieces Overglaze white slip Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province Source of Co changes from Yuan dynasty Song and Yuan periods Qingbai white glaze with light blue-green color First type of porcelain produced on a large scale Dehua, Fujian Province Qing dynasty (K’iang Hsi reign 1662-1722) famille verte, famille rose, luster-painting Ca-alkali-glaze Jngdezhen, Jiangxi Province famille rose, luster-painting European technology Ming, Qing dynasties Blanc de China Ca-alkali glaze Dehua, Fujian Province Pure white Ming, Qing dynasties Yixing ware Brown earthenware Yixing, Jiangsu Province Chinese ceramic bodies: North China (north of Nanshan-Qinling divide) stoneware and porcelain raw materials are derived from clays. South China stoneware and porcelain raw materials are weathered igneous rock-based with fine quartz and mica