11 §
J
/H^IS (Kanji Topics)
VC SPM -1- ^A>s O < *J (Radicals -1- left, right)
Most kanji are formed from two or more components. The following are the ways the radical components are placed within each kanji.
l) (left) 2) O < 'J (right)        3) frLlC l) (top)        4) & I (bottom)
	
tz*L (	
	
6) ^ i ^. (enclosure)
7)  IC J; 9  (lower left)
Shaded areas are where the components express the meaning of the kanji. We call these components "BUSHU" (radicals). The kanji developed from the pictures (or their simplified forms) can be radicals.
1. human beings: A (     ) *        * "J* *  @  ' ^ ' U '       ( t ) " J5L
2. animals and plants: £j=- • ,f| •        •        •        • yfv. • •
3. nature: B  -ft  ' >X ' *K ( > ).- & • ± •       • 0/ • >»1 •
4. life and tools: IB • f ^ • ^ • JfL * ^ ( f )   • ■ • (   ) simplified forms
There are many radicals which cannot be used as kanji by themselves.
[ ft fa 1/ «9> 9 ]   Guess to which of the seven radical groups the following belong.
Oor2):H^ 6): 3) or 4):^ 7): 5) :
98
1) >xA (left)
r
	fa	ft
		ft
		n
The kanji group with the meaning components located on the left is the largest of the seven groups.
4 =A=
man
v[  = step
y = 7JC = water
[ft A 1/ H>>   ]   Guess the meaning of the common components below.
)
1. 0J1 # ?fc H§ ( H = H =
7 h£ SB. ^ C ^ = ^ =
z. p |   pib pa o/U v ° w
3. # #C # (* = * =
4. tfctR (*=* =
) ) )
2) O < 'J (right)
The components which carry the meaning can be located on the right.
moon
*    JC = / Vb   = hit
c
^11 (JA/H?: (Basic Kanji)
2-1   3*^0)*        (Writing Kanji)
31^								<A,«fc# (*<T5)													
ft			make work					V (7)													
				P.																	
		1		I			1=1	1;	r	1	r										
																					
																					
flEC"? <) £ to make f fFoot- <          work (of art) j													^>C(- < •oX) composition fjtff^l • S) movement								
110
			swim						(8)													
		.">..				> s																
				j\		J		/I														
																						
																						
)j}£.(fcJ:) C to swim                                    7jC^C(-f ^* X.^) swimming y7jC.(£> =t) swimming																						
			oil						(8)													
						*\ Vi		> >,r—7		f												
						A																
																						
																						
111
112
f?) oil
Ik (^* ^ '   ) oil painting
^ ("^ - " ^) petroleum, oil ^ffl(^-TX) oilfield
100
113
																				
			sea							(9)										
		>																		
															9:					
																				
																				
^(1 <&) the sea, the ocean "M^^Y (^H N' ^ ^ overseas
Q ^.j^d^-ll/C-^H n) theJapanSea $£7]C(>v ^-f \. 0 seawater
J	s		sake liquor							* It (10)											
				■\ 7		■s-.V. J		»		>n	"\ rl "I.		N -11*								
											A	I		i							
																					
																					
(£ 1t) sake, alcohol                                  Q ^5!§ 0 - • (J X> • I   ) Japanese sake )j8j,J§[ (* ^ •      liquor shop                                   (Jt 9 - L d>) Western liquor																					
114
	r	wait				(9)								
			f		r			ft						
														
														
towait                                      ^g^(lJ: ^-/c^)"f     to invite ^t^jlE^ ^ " &v v* l-"?) waiting room        ^frftc*'            ^ to expect														
115
116
x
school
0*7
(10)
^^(^'o • v. 9 ) school ^C-ft^ 7 ' ^    7 ) (school) principal
jii?7 ^ jtl ( ^ 7 • 3 -7 • -Ifv 0 senior high school student
101
117
																				
E		f	time hour							(10)										
1		n		R		H		B						H						
																				
																				
B^f(£$) time, when                                  — B^fft^ ( C -frL) one hour *H%ff(£tt^) watch, clock                     EBB^U'D 4o'clock																				
															
			say				^-1                      Y y z z                         zf'y (7)								
															
						1*	>								
						M									
															
															
118
= (^) 9 to say -zrffciZZ-UO word
S ^ (I tX • C) language 'f2^     (T'X ■ Z* L,) message
1+			plan measure							YA (9)													
X				X		X		X •IS"		X		X P		p		p							
																							
																							
B^"ft(£-lt^) watch,clock                   ff     (If*x •    <) "f" £ toplan j^>Jjaf"i" (^ s" £X''t ^) (clinical) thermometer																							
119
^5-		word language									I?"		(14)	
	X		X '■	• x**';.....	X ■ y*~ ' _ _ \\	P;		Pi	P;	P;	p	"SB. P*	an	
														
														
				■ 3) Japanese language							* < • C*) Chinese language			
			' C) English language				*#f§(t<7>^'J) story							
120
															
		cooked rice meal				(#>l) (12)									
				4											
															
															
															
cooked rice, meal =          L) a colloquial word used mainly by males ^WS^ "7 -l±X^) supper															
2-2  tfii^tlA/ L t$ 9 (Reading Exercises)
I. Write the readings of the following kanji in Hiragana.
2.^CC       3.)&       4.^; 5.}j§
6-^^       7.^^       8.BfH        **Ht 10't^
II. B 12. I3- *fc$fc 14. 15-^C-ft
II. Read the following sentences.
1. a^HTM^t^ i L/co 3. 7f>flit^ *ftST-f •
soy bean soup
5. ^rMT0*a^-*I^i L/co
103
soy sauce
2-3  H # tlA L ^ 9 (Writing Exercises)
I. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate kanji.
ltSt#*»«ttOD«*««Clttil»t«t>g«i
1. oil
4. sake
Sit 7. to wait
10. time
2. the sea
5. to make
I)
8. to say
9
11. school
3. cooked rice
6. to swim
<*
ax
9. Japaneselangua
12. watch
H. Write the appropriate kanji based on the meaning of the word.
1. 4 o'clock
2. 5 o'clock
3. 6 o'clock
x i;
4. 7:00 a.m.
5. 9:30 p.m.
< i:
8. elementary school
11. (school) principal
Z 1 % ll 14. swimming
1" ^    a. w
17. breakfast (colloquial —»■ formal)
		—				—		
	**> L						*> J: 9	L Jt <
lunch								
		—				—		
	#> L						^ * 9 L J: <	
19. supper
z'   -tfx i:
6. one hour
9. junior high school
12. composition
2 < oX 15. Chinese language
7. what time
*x i:
10. senior high school
- 1 - 9 13. petroleum
16. linguistics
ZL—"j h 3
(Reading Material)
Read the following passage and guess who in the picture below.
* + t>7' a camp £ "f first o tz ft $ 1" to fry
then L J: 1 rj soy sauce v     £-f to add
fsjXv^i manytimes /"cfttT!   Help! f~J ^T^i't to say, "
106
(Do you know these kanji? Can you use them?)
^gp-g-^r —A 1 (Radical Game 1) > I. Combine the components and make a kanji.
e.g. a +# = h# l. *fc+& =
3. = 4-^ + X =
5. "tr+i£+n =
9.      A =
II. Select the appropriate component from the right-hand box.
1.	\	4.		7.	A*
			> j ✓		f
B
T
5.
a.	*	b. "5j	c. i	d.-£
e.		f.9	g. x	h. t
i.		j.+	k. ^	1. ^
m.	3	n. Jt	o. X	_ ji. p. 0
107