L E S S 0 N 7 S t u d y i n g C h i n e s e
H-fciS : ^ ^ ^ t ( xue zhong wen )
MTtf XIA,Qianshu
March. 02th
, 2020
/
shuö huá
vo to talk
huá n word ; speech Ii you gěn wáng péng shuö huá
shang ge
the previous one
nT shang ge zhoumozen me yang
A : fe±4- M
* ?
I — » . n
hän zi
n Chinese characters
xie hän zi xie yTng wen
zhl bT
m measure word for long, thin, inflexible
objects such as pens, rifles.
n pen
m measure word for flat objects, paper pictures, etc. n paper
jiäo
v to teach,
zenme
qpr how ; how come
ní jiäo wö zěnme ba !
A : famk£& m5L
^ "E !
B : ffr/vtSk
döng
v to understand
A : m / m & j m ?
B :
#P£ (nali),which literally means "where," is a polite reply to a compliment. In recent times
h o w e v e r , ( n a l i ) has become somewhat old fashioned.
> w
yuxi
» 2 1
v to preview
fU XI
v to review
yufa
n grammar
infinitives
g r a m m a radverbs g g tenses
interrelatives .s
racL
g& future
I VOCABULARY
n new words ; vocabulary
dl
prefix
Ordinal numbers in Chinese are formed by placing m (di) before
cardinal numbers, e.g., % ^ (dl yi, the first), (dl er bei
chä, the second cup of tea), Wt^^M (dl sän ge yue, the third
month).
However, % (dl) is not used in names of months: , ,
(yiyue, eryue, sänyue, January, February, March). Neither is it
used to indicate the birth order of siblings: , (da g
e, erge, sänge, oldest brother, second oldest brother, third oldest
brother); ^cffl, ZLtK, ^ffl (däji£, erji£, sanji£, oldest sister second
oldest sister, third oldest sister).
dl
dl yT ké wěn háo
f Ř ^ i l LESSON 1 IrIíí Greetings
jiá tíng
LESSON 2 WM Family
shí jián
LESSON 3 Bill Dates and Time
ái háo
LESSON 4 S5ř Hobbis
kán péngyou
LESSON 5 mmíCVisiting Friends
dl yT gě yuě
prefix
m-^M the fist month ?
the second month ?
the third month ?
the first cup of tea?
the second cup of tea ?
yue shi jian
LESSON 6 & Bill Making Appointments the first bottle of water ?
xue zhong wen
LESSON 7 Studying Chinese the second bottle of water?
rong yi
adj easy
pixtastock.com - 30531735
nan
adj difficult
duo
adj many, much
• Grammar
• Vocabulary
• Chinese characters
Descriptive Complements (I) : Verb+# (de) +complement
The particle # (de) can be used after a verb or an adjective. This lesson
mainly deals with # (de) as it appears after a verb. What follows # (de) in
the construction introduced in this lesson is called a descriptive complement,
which can be an adjective, an adverb, or a verb phrase.
In this lesson, the words that function as descriptive complements are all
adjectives. These complements serve as comments on the actions
expressed by the verbs that precede # (de).
Ta xie zl xie de hen hao
• f & ^ ^ ^ ^ f H ^ - f o He writes characters well
[fB£P (h£n hao, very well) is a comment on the action ^ (xie, to write).]
• M3t ( VO) Jp. feBi^ B f # f f i ^ o
PRACTICE : Verb + # (de) + complement/NT shuo zhongwen shuo deze^ me yang ?
shuo zhongwen
EXAMPLE : i # * 3 ; ( V O ) / & wo shuo zhongwen shuo de hen hao
nm (vo) / »
¥ ^ (VO) /Mfh x j
e z
" / Piao liang
« ( V O ) / £ ?
BE23 ( VO) /^F^H yuxf sheng ci
1»; (vo) /m
(VO)
H S ^ i S ( VO) /U zhun bei kao shl
GRAMMAR : X...T (tai...le,too ) and M (zhen , really)
when X (tai, too ) is used in an exclamatory sentence, T (le) usually appears at the end
of the sentence.
EXAMPLE
GRAMMAR : (^^^JLyouyidianr, a little bit) +adjective
The phrase ^f^,£jL (youyidianr) precedes adjectives or verbs. It often carries a negative
tone. The — (yi) in the phrase is optional .
\N6 juede Zhongwen yc5u(yi)dicfnr nan.
(I think Chinese is a little bit difficult.)
* Wc5 juede Zhongwen yc5u(yi)di^nr rongyi.
*(l think Chinese is a little bit easy.)
GRAMMAR : (^^^JLyouyidianr, a little bit) +adjective
The phrase ^f^,£jL (youyidianr) precedes adjectives or verbs. It often carries a negative
tone. The — (yi) in the phrase is optional )ft ? #J1 ?
nljue de dl ql ke de yufa zen me yang ?
B
nljue de dl ql ke de shengcf zen me yang r
:
B
nljue de dl ql ke de kewen zen me yang ?
B
A T
nT jue de zhe ge xTngqT de gongke zen me y$ng ?
A : {fcstnm^mm®
B
zhöngwen yüfä
hán zi
zhôngwén ké
shuôhuá
zhöng wén yü fä yöu yl diänr nán [^^^JLyöuyidiänr]
xiě hánz]
e.mzŤ * #a
käosh]
7. f f t f l l » # « * «
dl ql kě de shěngcí
8. f t t : * » £ i i * žl>
gôngke
GRAMMAR : gfc (jiu) and ~f (cai) compared
• The adverb Sfc (jiu) suggests the earliness or promptness of an action in the speaker's
judgment.
• The adverb~%(cai) is the opposite. It suggests the tardiness or lateness of an action as
perceived by speaker.
EXAMPLE:
xuexiao xia wu san dian kai hul
^ S T ^ H £ 5 T £ , 2 : 00pm ^RT^H£ff£ , %TfrW£ifc*T.n earliness
xuexiao xia wu san dian kai hul
i ^ « T ^ H £ 5 f £ , 4 : oopm ^ f s m M ^ , ^TWM^ ^ lateness
(when commenting on a past action, jjfc is always used with T but is never used with T
• The adverb Sb (jiu) suggests the earliness or promptness of an action in the speaker's judgment.
• The adverb ~% (cai) is the opposite. It suggests the tardiness or lateness of an action as perceived
by speaker.
ma ma pfng chang wan shang liu dian huf jia, #£#£A£^"II]S^
O mm^m±^sMm , H£^lft± 8:00pm Z O L A T E
wo pfng chang zao shang ql dian chl zao fan .
wo pfng chang zao shang ql dian qu shang ke
O g 5 p f f . _ t ^ i ± i | , H £ ^ ± 8 : 30am 0 late
wo pfng chang wan shang shf dian shul jiao
O t ¥ f i ± t ^ i l , H£^Dfe± 11 : 45pm 0 late
wo pfng chang wan shang jiu dian kai shlzuo gong ke
o ^ ¥ » * ± A ^ » « r f « , n£^Hfe± 7:00pm 0 early
wo pfng chang wan shang ba dian kai shlxue zhong wen
© ft¥^&±A£JF£&¥*:S; , flfc^ift± 6:30pm t early
^ í t ^ ?