LESS0N7 Studying Chinese
H-fciS : ^^^t ( xue zhong wen )
HTtf XIA,Qianshu
March. 02th, 2020
/
: Am.
i&iS vo to talk
Ji^h the previous one
# p (a structural particle)
M<I v to review
^ ^ v to write n character
Chinese characters IS adj slow tfe adj quickly —       ^ (n pen)
Wi v to teach fl v to understand X adv really M<I v to preview
n new words ifwi n Gram ^J? adj easy M adj difficult # adj much many    adj less -_£ft ( n paper)
Descriptive Complements (I) : Verb+# (de) +complement
The particle # (de) can be used after a verb or an adjective. This lesson mainly deals with # (de) as it appears after a verb. What follows # (de) in the construction introduced in this lesson is called a descriptive complement, which can be an adjective, an adverb, or a verb phrase.
In this lesson, the words that function as descriptive complements are all adjectives. These complements serve as comments on the actions expressed by the verbs that precede # (de).
Ta xie zl xie de hen hao
• f&^^^^fH^-fo He writes characters well
[fB£P (h£n hao, very well) is a comment on the action ^ (xie,  to write).]
• M3t ( VO)    Jp.       ffeBi^    Bf#ffi^ o
PRACTICE : Verb + # (de) +complement/NTshuozhongwenshuodezenmeyang
(VO) xie zl / piao liang
«»X(VO) /ft #tt(VO)
Hg4ia/»ft(VO)
1»; (VO) /£? BJfc» (VO)
shuo zhongwen EXAMPLE : %*£(VO)/0
ft* (VO)
GRAMMAR : X...T (tai...le,too )  and M (zhen , really)
when X (tai, too ) is used in an exclamatory sentence, T (le) usually appears at the end of the sentence.
EXAMPLE
GRAMMAR :   (^^^JLyouyidianr, a little bit) +adjective
The phrase ^f^,£jL (youyidianr) precedes adjectives or verbs. It often carries a negative tone. The —  (yi) in the phrase is optional .
\N6 juede Zhongwen yc5u(yi)dicfnr nan. (I think Chinese is a little bit difficult.)
* Wc5 juede Zhongwen yc5u(yi)di^nr rongyi. *(l think Chinese is a little bit easy.)
GRAMMAR :   (^^^JLyouyidianr, a little bit) +adjective
The phrase ^f^,£jL (youyidianr) precedes adjectives or verbs. It often carries a negative tone. The —  (yi) in the phrase is optional    )ft ? #J1 ?
nljue de dl ql ke de yufa zen me yang ?
B
nljue de dl ql ke de shengcf zen me yang r:
B
nljue de dl ql ke de kewen zen me yang ?
B
AT
nT jue de zhe ge xTngqT de gongke zen me y$ng ?
a : {fcstnm^ mm®
B
zhöngwen yüfä
hán zi zhôngwén ké
shuôhuá
zhöng wén yü fä yöu yl diänr nán
[^^,<r?JLyöuyidiänr]
xiě hánz]
e.mzŤ * #a
käosh]
7. fftfll»#«*« dl ql kě de shěngcí
8. ftt:*»£ii * žl>
gôngke
GRAMMAR : gfc (jiu) and ~3c (cai) compared
• The adverb Sfc (jiu) suggests the earliness or promptness of an action in the speaker's judgment.
• The adverb ~% (cai) is the opposite. It suggests the tardiness or lateness of an action as perceived by speaker.
EXAMPLE:
xuexiao xia wu san dian kai hul
3fcRT*F=£JF£ ,   2 : 00pm      ¥ttT^=j£?f* ,   %TfrW£3fc*T.n earliness
xuexiao xia wu san dian kai hul
i^«T^H£5f£ ,   4: oopm ^   fsmM^,   ^TWM^ ^ lateness
|/vhen commenting on a past action, jjfc is always used with T but    is never used with T
• The adverb Sb (jiu) suggests the earliness or promptness of an action in the speaker's judgment.
• The adverb ~% (cai) is the opposite. It suggests the tardiness or lateness of an action as perceived by speaker.
ma ma pfng chang wan shang liu dian huf jia, #£#£A£^"II]S^
O mm^m±^sMm , H£^lft±    8:00pm Z    o late
wo pfng chang zao shang ql dian chl zao fan .
wo pfng chang zao shang ql dian qu shang ke © giptf._tt^i±il , Hfc^¥±    8 : 30am    %A£¥^hfc-h« late
wo pfng chang wan shang shf dian shul jiao ^-^n*.** O i^fi±tfilll , H£^lfe±      11 : 45pm    g+^Tfo^1^ late
wo pfng chang wan shang jiu dian kai shlzuo gong ke    ^ . ^^«,^,74,^-2
wo ping chang wan shang ba dian kai shT xue zhong wen © S¥^Bfc±A£JF&# + £ , B£*lfe±        6:30pm gc/N£¥gffl%)g$grfy°
ffi *Ä#±^M^#iit#íf ?
a
käi shí
Kto
v/n to begin ; to start
shäng ké
vo to go to a class ; to start a class
ni^n ke wen
v to read aloud n text of a lesson
lu yTn
Bit
v |jsten n sound recording
xue xi
v to study ; to learn
Grammar
Vocabulary
Chinese characters
Writing Chinese characters
Text
shuai
UitJ
adj handsome
ku
adj cool
ChengLong hen shuai /ChengLong hen ku
https://play.kahoot.it/v2/?quizld=1785f256-7b7c-4594-b20c-fc484cdacda7
luo bo dun
W Is JB ( Carrot squat)
RULES :
• Each student represents a kind of dish (LESSON12)
• The first player start to say the game password:
" £ifll»(dun), £ifll»(dun), £i*l»(dun)^ (wan) iI)SJ» (dun)"while squat and up. Then it is il/S's turn to speak the game password and squat. Anyone fail to follow the password will be given out. The last winner gets the rewards.
Grammar :       ( how ; how come ) in Questions :
",1g^"is an interrogative pronoun. It is often used to ask about the manner of an action as in (1) , and sometimes the reason or the cause of an action, as in  (2) and (3) below.
1. if#3&f5&£¥"fl"3t^o
Qíng ní jiao wó zěn me xiě" dóng " zhě ge zi 0  [Please teach me how to write the character "dong"]
2. fafe&tt ?
Ní zěn me cái lái ?     [How come you've just arrived?]
Ní zěn me méi qú kán dián yíng ?    [Why didn't you go to the movie ? ]
Practice :
Using the words given, and practice how to ask your partner why he/she is not behaving as expected. It is quite unlike him /her
lit
vs Aft
^if3t     # ft vs
s
# £p vs ^F£?
# vs
SJ^       # vs
SSgÖ^Si&iS ] Ii you gěn bái ylng ái shuö huá Bái ylng ái,  ní píngcháng lái de hěn záo , jln tiän zěn me zhěme wán ?
Wo zuó tiän yůxí zhôngwén ,  zäo sháng si dián cái shuljiáo ,  ní yě snu! de hěn wän ma ?
Wo zuó tiän shí dián jiů snu! le.yTnwěi wángpéng bäng wo liánxí zhôngwén,suöyi wo göngke zuô de hěi
Yöu gě zhôngguó péngyou zhěn häo
[ii^^iS ]  shang zhong wen ke
Dajia zao ,  xianzai women kaish! shang ke 0 dl ql ke nT men dou yuxf le ma ?
Yuxf le
Liyou , qlng n! nian kewen 0 ... nian de hen hao 0 NTzuo tian wan shang ting luyln le ba W6 mei ting
Danshl ta de pengyou zuo tian wanshang bang ta xuexf le
0$)   NTde pengyou shl zhongguo ren ma ? Shl
Ta shl yf ge nan de ,  hen shuai,  hen ku , jiao wang peng