이미지 Korean Language Class Week 5 •백지윤 Jiyun Baek The Special particle 은/는 •은/는 is a topic particle •은 after consonants (with 받침) / 는 after vowels (without 받침) •Topic + 은/는 + Predicate • •Ex) 채경은 한국 사람이에요 [Chae gyeong eun han guk sa ra mi eyo] As for Chae-Kyung, (she) is a Korean 메디는 프랑스 사람이에요 [Me di neun peu rang seu sa ra mi eyo] As for Mehdi, (he) is a French The Special particle 은/는 •미카엘은 프랑스 사람이에요 [Mikaer eun peu rang seu sa ra mi eyo] “As for Mickael, (he) is a French” 대학생이에요 [Dae hak saeng ieyo] “(He) is an university student” 21살이에요 [21 sar ieyo] “(He) is 21 years old” 교카이는 터키 사람이에요 [Gyo kai neun teo ki sa ra mi eyo] “As for Gokay, (he) is a Turkish” The Special particle 은/는 •The noun marked by 은/는 appears to be the subject of the sentence •은/는 is not a subject particle •it does not mark the noun as the subject • • 햄버거는 파이브 가이즈 햄버거가 맛있어요 [Haem beog eo neun pai beu gai jeu haem beog eo ga mas iss eoyo] “As for hamburgers, Five Guys Hamburger is tasty.” The Special particle 은/는 1.Compare and Contrast 2.Switching topics 3.Interplay between the subject and the topic particles 4.Appearing at the beginning of the sentence 1) Compare and Contrast •Compare and contrast the two topics of the sentences • •Ex) 교카이는 터키 사람이에요 [Gyokai neun teak salami eyo] “As for Gokay, (he) is a Turkish.” 그렇지만 메디는 프랑스 사람이에요 [Geureo china media neun peu rang seu sara mi eyo] “However, as for Mehdi, (he) is a French.” 2) Switching topics •은/는 when they switch the topic from one thing to another • •A: 실례합니다. 이 바지 얼마예요? [Sil lye ha mni da. i baji eol ma ye yo?] “Excuse me, how much is this pair of pants?” B: 네. 30,000원입니다. [ne. Sam man won imnida] “Yes, (it) is 30,000 won.” A: 그럼, 이 치마는 얼마예요? [Geureom I chima neun eolma yeyo?] “Then, as for the skirt, how much is (it) ?” B: 네. 50,000원입니다. [ne. oman won imnida] “Yes, (it) is 50,000 won.” A: 이 청바지는요?? [I cheong baji neun yo?] “How about this pair of jeans?” 3) Interplay between the subject and the topic particles •When asking a question in Korean, the question word is usually marked by the subject particle 이/가 [I/ga] •When answering the question, it is used by the topic particle 은/는 • •the word is new information which was just brought up in the conversation when asking the question → 이/가 for asking question •after question, the word becomes the topic → 은/는 for answering the question • •Elma: 전공이 뭐예요? [jeon gong i mwo ye yo?] “What is (your) major?” Nina: 전공은 한국어예요 [jeon gong eun han gug eo ye yo] “As for (my) major, (it) is Korean.” 3) Interplay between the subject and the topic particles •Su: 이름이 뭐예요? [I reu mi mwo ye yo?] “What is (your) name?” Mehdi: 제 이름은 메디예요 [je I reu m eun me di ye yo] “As for my name, (it) is Mehdi.” • •Su: 고향이 어디예요? [gohyangi eodiyeyo?] “Where is (your) hometown?” Mehdi: 제 고향은 파리예요 [je gohyangeun pariyeyo] “As for my hometown, (it) is Paris.” 4) Appearing at the beginning of the sentence •You can make any element of the sentence the topic by adding the topic particle to it and placing it at the beginning of the sentence, except the verb/adjective that appears at the end of the sentence 4) Appearing at the beginning of the sentence •베녹은 오전 10 시에 엘마하고 도서관에서 한국어를 공부해요. [be nog eun oj eon 10si e el ma ha go do seo gwan e se o han gu geo reul gong bu hae yo.] “As for Vinok, (he) studies Korean with Elma at the library at 10:00 a.m.” •오전 10 시에는 베녹이 엘마하고 도서관에서 한국어를 공부해요. [oj eon 10 si e neun be no gi el ma ha go do seo gwan e seo han gu geo reul gong bu hae yo.] “At 10:00 a.m, Vinok studies Korean with Elma at the library.” •엘마하고는 베녹이 오전 10 시에 도서관에서 한국어를 공부해요. [el ma ha go neun be no gi oj eon 10si e do seo gwan e seo han gu geo reul gong bu hae yo.] “With Elma, Vinok studies Korean at the library at 10:00 a.m.” •도서관에서는 베녹이 오전 10 시에 엘마하고 한국어를 공부해요. [do seo gwan e seo neun be no gi o jeon 10 si e el ma ha go han gu geo reul gong bu hae yo.] “At the library, Vinok studies Korean with Elma at 10:00 a.m.” Difference with 이/가 and 은/는 •The subject particle 이/가 is used to mark a subject (which happens to be new information or has not been mentioned previously in the context) •The topic particle 은/는 is used to mark a topic • •Ex) 어느 식당 음식은 맛있어요? (X) [eoneu sigdang eumsig-eun mas-iss-eoyo?] 어느 식당 음식이 맛있어요? (O) [eoneu sigdang eumsig-i mas-iss-eoyo?] “Which restaurant food is delicious?” • •누구는 슬로베니아 사람이에요? (X) [nuguneun seullobenia salam-ieyo?] 누가 슬로베니아 사람이에요? (O) [nuga seullobenia salam-ieyo?] “Who is a Slovenian?” Vocabulary •계절 [gye jeol] season •꽃 [kkot] flower •여름 [yeoreum] summer •봄 [bom] spring •과목 [gwamok] subject/course •프랑스 [Peu range seu] France •러시아 [Reo si a] Russia •멕시코 [Mek si ko] Mexico •미국 [Mi guk] America/USA •보스니아 [bo s eu nia] Bosnia •체코 [che ko] Czech •한국 [han guk] Korea •노르웨이 [Noreu wei] Norway •아일랜드 [Aillaendeu] Ireland •케냐 [Kenya] Kenya •이탈리아 [Itallia] Italy •스페인 [Seupein] Spain •슬로베니아 [Seullobenia] Slovenia •일본 [Ilbon] Japan •호주 [Hoju] Australia Vocabulary •영국 [Yeong guk] England •색 [Saek] Color •소설 [sosel] novel •역사 [yeoksa] history •영화 [yeonghwa] movie •운동 [undong] sport •음식 [unsik] food •자동차 [jadongcha] car •백합 [baekap] lily •영문학 [yeongmunhak] English literature •작가 [jakga] author •책 [chaek] book Conversation 5 •메디: 안녕. 이름이 뭐야? 너(는)(1) 어느 나라에서 왔어? [annyeong? ire umi m wo ya?neo eo neu na ra e seo wa sseo?] Mehdi: Hello. What’s your name? Where are you from? •수영: 나는 수영이야. 나(는) 한국 사람이야. [na neun su yeong i. ya. na han guk sa ra mi ya] Suyeong: I am su yeong. I am from korea. • •메디: 아 진짜? 난 (/나는) 파리에서 왔어. 내 이름은 메디야. [a jinjja? nan parieseo wasseo nae ireumeun mediya] Mehdi: Really? I am from paris. My name is Mehdi. Conversation 5 •수영: 너 혹시 전에 브루노(에) 와본 적 있어? [neo hok si jeo ne beu ru no wa bon jeok is seo?] Suyeong: Have you ever been in Brno before? •메디: 아니. 나(는) 중앙유럽은 처음이야. [ani na jung ang yu reo beun che oeu mi ya.] Mehdi: No, it’s my first time visiting central Europe. • •수영: 나도. 너(는) 제일 좋아하는 체코 맥주가 뭐야? [na do. neo je il joa ha neun che ko maek ju ga mwo ya?] Suyeong: Same here. What’s your favorite Czech beer? Conversation 5 •메디: 필즈너 우르켈. 이따 맥주랑 슈마지니 먹으러 갈래? 체코음식은 Lokal 이 맛있대. [pil jeu neo u reu kel. it ta maek ju rang syu ma ji ni meo geu reo gal lae? che ko eu msi geun Lokal i ma sit dae.] Mehdi: Pilsner Urquell. Do you want to go to eat Smažený and beer later on? As for Czech food, Lokal is tasty. • •수영: 그래. 너 브루노 시티 투어 했어? 솔직히 말해서 브루노가 프라하 보다 (rather) 더 (more, much) 예쁜 도시인 것 같아. [geu rae. neo beu ru no si ti tu eo hae sseo? sol ji ki mal hae seo beu ru no ga peu ra ha bo da deo ye pp eun dosi in geot ga ta] Suyeong: Okay. Did you do Brno city tour? To be honest, I find Brno more pretty than Prague. Conversation 5 •메디: 너 프라하 가 봤어? [neo peu ra ha ga bwa sseo?] Mehdi: Have you ever been Prague? •수영: 아니. [Ani] Suyeong: No. 너에게 쓰는 편지 •언어를 배운다는 건 많은 인내심과 꾸준함이 필요한 과정인데, 그 대단한 걸 해냈구나. 정말 수고 많았어. 대단해 ! 삶이라는게 생각보다 야박해서 행복이란 감정을 안정적으로 느끼기 어려운 시대라고 생각하는데, 너희들 덕분에 지난 두 달이 꾸준히 행복했던 거 같아. 고마워. 너희가 주는 에너지 덕분에 브루노에서 또 행복한 기억을 얻고가. •한국어를 계속해서 배우려고 하는 사람이 있다고 하면 한 가지 언어를 더 배운다는 건 쉽지 않는 과정 일거야. 가끔은 내가 그 언어를 못해서 부족하다고 느낄 때도 있을거고 “내가 만약에 그 언어를 잘했다면, 이 현재가 힘들지 않고 미래가 더 나아질 수 있을까?”라는 고민을 하게 될 수도 있을거야. 그렇지만 꼭 기억해야할 건, 한가지 언어를 더 할 수 있는 건 너의 부차적인 능력이 될 순 있지만, 그 언어를 못한다고 ‘흠’이 될 수 없어. 그리고 좋은 사람들은 너의 언어적 능력과 관계 없이 너를 인간 그 자체로서 알아봐 줄 거고. 최대한 그런 사람들과 함께하면서 언어를 즐겼으면 좋겠어. • •끝까지 수업을 함께해줘서 고맙고, 한국어를 배우는 것과 상관없이 너의 삶을 응원할게. 너희는 사람들 행복하게 만드는 능력이 있어. 앞으로 살아가면서 그게 엄청난 대단한 능력이라는 사실을 잊지마 ! •(내 인스타 아이디는 baaaaam_j 인데 혹시 한국에서 도움이 필요하면 언제든지 연락해 !) 안녕 ! Dopis pro vás •Učení jazyka je proces, který vyžaduje hodně trpělivosti a důslednosti, a vy jste dokázali něco pozoruhodného. Vynaložili jste opravdu velké úsilí. Výborně! Věřím, že žijeme v době, kdy je kvůli krutosti života těžké cítit se trvale šťastný, ale díky vám všem byly pro mě poslední dva měsíce trvale radostné. Děkuji vám. Díky energii, kterou jste rozdávali, jsem si mohl v Brno vytvořit šťastné vzpomínky. • •Pro někoho, kdo se hodlá korejsky učit dál, není zvládnutí dalšího jazyka snadný úkol. Někdy se můžete cítit neschopní, protože jazyk neovládáte dobře, a říkáte si: "Kdybych mluvil plynně, nebyla by moje současnost tak obtížná a moje budoucnost by mohla být lepší?". Nezapomeňte však, že umět mluvit dalším jazykem může být další dovednost, ale to, že neumíte plynně, není "vada". Také dobří lidé vás poznají jen podle toho, že jste, bez ohledu na vaše jazykové schopnosti. Doufám, že se vám bude i nadále líbit učit se jazyk s takovými lidmi kolem sebe. • •Děkuji vám, že jste vydrželi v kurzu až do konce, a bez ohledu na vaše pokroky ve studiu korejštiny vás budu v životě podporovat. Máte schopnost dělat lidem radost, a jak budete pokračovat, nezapomeňte, že je to obrovský talent! (Moje ID na Instagramu je baaaaam_j, takže pokud budete potřebovat pomoc v Koreji nebo kdekoli jinde, kde se budu nacházet, neváhejte mě kdykoli kontaktovat!) Na shledanou! The letter for you •Learning a language is a process that requires a lot of patience and consistency, and you've done something remarkable. You've really put in a lot of effort. Well done! I believe we live in a time when it's hard to consistently feel happy due to the harshness of life, but thanks to you all, the past two months have been consistently joyful for me. Thank you. The energy you give has allowed me to create happy memories in Brno. • •For someone who intends to continue learning Korean, mastering an additional language is no easy task. Sometimes, you might feel inadequate because you can't speak the language well and wonder, “If I were fluent, would my present not be so difficult, and could my future be better?” However, remember that being able to speak another language might be an additional skill, but not being fluent is not a ‘flaw'. Also, good people will recognize you just for your being, regardless of your linguistic abilities. I hope you continue to enjoy learning the language with such people around you. • •Thank you for sticking with the course until the end, and regardless of your progress in learning Korean, I will support your life. You have the ability to make people happy, and as you go on, don’t forget that this is a tremendous talent! (My Instagram ID is baaaaam_j, so if you need any help in Korea or anywhere I am in, feel free to contact me anytime!) Goodbye!