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AxtVfc(7) Shopping
s
N
£NUfo Dialogue
Q Mary
Mearii
2
Mise no hito
s*> "   i .
3 / T 'J - :
Mearii
Mise no hito
5 / T 'J - :
Mearii
Míse no hito
7 / T V - :
Mearii
goes to a flea market.
Sumimasen. Koře wa   ikura desu ka.
Sore wa   sanzen en desu.
Takai desu ne. jaa, ano tokee sva        ikura desu ka.
him $/C-tfA,;rrA«» < ťllx-ť0
Are wa     sanzengohyaku en desu. Soo desu ka.       Are mo    takai desu ne.
Žhli -tí^ťá^U^ < ž.A.X-f£o
Kore wa   senhappyaku en desu yo. Jaa, sono tokee o kudasai.
A man finds a wallet on the ground.
8 U^'^I/^
Shitanai hito
9 / T 'J - :
Mearii
Kore wa   dare no    saifu desu ka. Watashi no   saifu desu. Arigatoo gozaimasu.
After shopping, Mary goes to a restaurant.
Ueetoresu Irasshaimase. Menyuu o doozo.
2 * T 'J - :
Mearii
3 >>X- h W X
Ueetoresu
4 ^ r V - :
Mearii
5 <y j_ -
Ueetore.su Mearii
Doomo.      Kore wa   nan desu ka.
Dore desu ka. Tonkatsu?
Aa, tonkatsu desu. Sakana desu ka.
lie, sakana ja arimasen. Niku desu.
Jaa, kore o onegaishimasu.
Oishii desu yo.
7 / r 'J - :
Mearii
8 >>X- h I. X
Ueetoresu
tiXhh^ii £2X~f*\
Sumimasen,        otearai wa doko desu ka.
Asoko desu.
i ;
Mary: Excuse mc. How much is this? Vendor: It is 3,000 yen.
Mary: It's expensive. Well then, how much is that watch?
Vendor: That is 3,500 yen.
Mary: I see. That is expensive, too.
Vendor: This is 1.800 yen.
Mary: Then, I'll take that watch.
Stranger: Whose wallet is this?
Mary: It's my wallet. Thank you very much.
i n '
Waitress: Welcome. Here's the menu. Mary: Thank you. What is this?
Waitress: Which one? Oh, it is tonkatsu (pork cutlet). Mary: Tonkatsu? Is it fish?
Waitress: Xo, it is not fish. It is meat. It is delicious. Mary: Then, I'll have this.
Mary: Excuse me. Where is the restroom? Waitress: It is over there.
u
Words
* I tl
* <cfl
* $>ti
*
C CO
* £ CO
* h CO
* Z
* if Z
* fztl
Food
* !: <
ft   l:   <i -i
Things
< o
* J v ^J,
y — > X L* L i ' L't/vU
T h a t
Point
kore
sore
are
dore
kono
sono
ano
dono
asoko
doko
dare
oishii
sakana
tonkatsu
niku
menyuu
yasai
enpitsu
kasa
kaban
kutsu
saifu
jiinzu
jisho
jitensha
shinbun
teepu
tokee
toreenaa
this one that one
that one (over there) which one this . . . that . . .
that . . . (over there)
which . . .
over there
where
who
delicious fish
pork cutlet meat menu vegetable
pencil
umbrella
bag
shoes
wallet
jeans
dictionary
bicycle
newspaper
tape
watch; clock sweat shirt
» Words that appear in the dialogue
J-\
■<■ > \in L (i^
Places
^ -) va, * i <
Countries
T / ]) ft
%> yp "7 3" < Majors
a > t" - ? — t* i/ ?- X
ft* t ' Family
Money Matt
* "> ( b
* —
* f^'U
Expressions
* U -f» &
nooto pen booshi hon
otearai
kissaten
ginkoo
toshokan
yuubinkyoku
Amerika Igirisu Kankoku Chuugoku
keezai konpyuutaa bijinesu rekishi
okaasan otoosan
e r s
ikura
en
takai
notebook pen
hat: cap book
restroom cafe bank library post office
U.S.A. Britain Korea China
economics computer business history
mother father
how much . . . yen
expensive
irasshaimase Welcome (to our store)
( ... o) onegaishimasu. . . , please. ( . . . o) kudasai     Please give me . . . jaa then . . . ; if that is the
case, . . .
( . . . o) doozo      Here it is. doomo Thank you.
iZ\M$z> Grammar
—  Ztl Ztl 35*1 £*l
What do we do when we want to talk about things that we do not know the names of? We say "this thing," "that one," and so forth. In Japanese, we use kore, sore, and are.
Zflii ^ < hX*-fti\ How much is this?
Kore wa   ikura desu ka.
£ tl(i $M^i^tto That is 3,000 yen.
Sore wa   sanzen en desu.
Kore refers to a thing that is close to you, the speaker ("this thing here"). Sore is something that is close to the person you are talking to ("that thing in front of you"), and are refers to a thing that is neither close to the speaker nor the listener ("that one over there").
Are wa     watashi no    pen desu.
Zjlli frtzl?) -<>-£♦■?-e ±tlli frtzl<D Ott
Kore wa   watashi no   pen desu. Sore wa   watashi no   pen desu.
There is also an expression dore for "which." Here we will learn to use dare in sentences like:
Dore desu ka.
Which one is it (that you are talking about)?
In this lesson, we will not explore the full extent to which the word (lore can be put to use, because there is a slight complication with question words like do re. Question words like (lore and nani cannot be followed by the particle wa. Instead, you must use the particle ga and say:
£fli)* hfS.tz^> "0"Ci"#'c Which one is your pen?
Dore ga   anata no      pen desu ka.
@|  ZCD/ZGt/foO/tlO) + noun
If you want to be slightly more specific than kore, sore, and are, you can use kono, souo, and (ino together with a noun. (Note here that the re series must always stand alone, while the no series must always be followed by a noun.) Thus, if you know that the item in your hand is a watch (tokee), instead of:
Zflli ^ < CiX"ffi\ How much is this?
Kore wa   ikura desu ka.
you can say:
C CO £ tj" v> i± ^ < h>X"~fj>\ How much is this ivatch?
Kono tokee wa      ikura desu ka.
Similarly, if you are talking about a watch that is held by the person you are talking to, you can say:
%CD £ 11 v.       * A, -£* A, X. A, "C1" „ That watch is 3,000 yen.
Sono tokee wa      sanzen en desu.
And if the watch is far from both the speaker and the listener, you can say:
&gp g ttWi S/l-tf/v^'U^ < X./v"C-fo     That watch over there is 3,500 yen.
Ano tokee wa        sanzengohyaku en desu.
If you already know that one of several watches is 3,500 yen but do not know which, you can say:
}£p H It        5 /v-tfX ZrV* < z. A,X"tfi\     Which watch is 3,500 yen?
Dono tokee ga      sanzengohyaku en desu ka.
Since dono is a question word, just like dore discussed above, we cannot use the particle wa with it; we must use ga.
To summarize:
Z.tl (lat~) Z.CD noun close to the person speaking
irtl (lat~) noun (fefc—) close to the person listening
&tl noun (fi~) far from both people
dzti i£r~~) £0 noun (tfx~) unknown
CI ftftUD noun
In Lesson 1, we learned how to say things 1 phone number) and Takeshi san no okaasan ask who something" belongs to. The question we simply add the particle no.
Kore wa   dare no    kaban desu ka.
Whose bag is this?
ike Mearii san no demva hangoo (Mary's (Takeshi's mother). We now learn how to word for "who" is dare, and for "whose,"
Sore vva   Suu san no      kaban desu.
That is Sue's hag.
40111        i&tl $5"?:<3 <tt<H
We will learn just one more ko-so-a-do set in this lesson: koko, soko, asoko, and doko are words for places.
	here, near me
	
	there, near you
	over there
: £3	where
You can ask for directions by saying:
"f   £ ^ ^ i < li ¥ Z. X"t fi\     Excuse me, where is the post office:
Sumimasen,        yuubinkyoku wa doko desu ka.
If you are close by, you can point toword the post office and say:
(yp 1 If A,    £ \ (i)  h £ Z -Ci"0 (The post office is) right over there.
(Yuubinkyoku vva) asoko desu.
We will learn how to give more specific directions in Lesson 4.
noun
In Lesson 1, we learned how to say "Item A is this, item B is that." We now learn how to say "Item A is this, and item B is this, too."
Takeshi is a Japanese person.
Michiko is Japanese, too.
Note that these two sentences are almost identical in shape. This is natural, as they both claim that a certain person is Japanese. The second sentence, however, is different from the first in that we do not find the particle wa in it. We have mo instead. Mo is a particle that indicates that that item, too, has the given property. One thing that you should watch out for is exactly where the particle is placed. In English, the word "too" can be placed after the sentence as a whole, as in the example above. Not so in Japanese. In the above example, mo must directly follow Micliiko san.
A    \t    X    Z"?o A is X.
B    %    X    rto B too is X.
two items   shared property
noun UJP&>D£'&kf
To negate a statement of the form A' iva Y desu, where Y is a noun, you replace desu with ja arunasen.
^tti^L\t J&^-fcJ-VNLT-f&O^-tf-Axo     Mr. Yamada is not a student
Yamada san wa     gakusee ja arimasen.
'We cannot use mo to describe a situation like the following: Our friend, Pat, has dual citizenship; Pat is a Japanese, but at the same time, she is an American. To describe the second half of this situation, we cannot say, Patto mo amerikajin dealt, because the sentence would mean that Pat, in addition to somebody that has been mentioned, is an American. Neither can we say, Patto wa amerikajin mo desu. (Japanese speakers would say, Patto tea amerikajin demo arimasu.)
2In the dialogues, there are two sentences thai end with desu. which call for special attention: Are mo takai desu ne (That one too is expensive), and Oisliii desu yo (It is delicious). These sentences cannot be negated by replacing desu with ja arimasen. because takai and oishii are not nouns. Are mo takai ja arimasen and oishii ja arimasen are therefore not grammatical. Instead, one would have to say takaku arimasen and oisliiku arimasen. We will learn about the conjugation pattern of adjectives in Lesson 5.
Takeshi san wa      nihonjin desu.
Michiko san mo
nihonjin desu.
i
Ja in ja arimasen is a contraction of dew a. In written Japanese, the uncontracted form is more common; thus, the above sentence more likely appears in writing as Yamada san wa gakusee deiva arimasen.
affirmative:   (X \$) Y rTo X is Y.
negative:     (X \&) Y W&OZf&tvo X is not Y.
Statements often end with the tags ne or yo, depending on the way the speaker views the interaction with the listener. If the speaker is seeking the listener's confirmation or agreement to what has been said, then ne ("right?") could be added.
Rii san no senmon wa       bungaku desu ne.
Kore wa   niku ja arimasen ne.
Ms. Lee, your major is literature, right? This is not meat, is it?
Another particle, yo ("I tell you"), is added to a statement if the speaker wants to assure the listener of what has been said. With yo added, a statement becomes an authoritative decree.
Tonkatsu wa     sakana ja arimasen yo.
Let me assure you. "Tonkatsu" is not fish.
Sumisu san wa      igirisujin desu yo.
(In case you're wondering,) Mr. Smith is British.
t>*5 A/
Expression Notes
("~£)< TííárU^ ( . . . o) kudasai is "Please give me X." You can use it to
request (concrete) items in general.
("~^)Í>ÍQ#L^ (...o) ouegaishimasu too is a request for item X.
When used to ask for a concrete object, ( . . . o) onegaishiniasu sounds slightly more upscale than ( . . . u) kudasai. It is heard often when ordering food at a restaurant ("I will have . . ."). ( . . . o) onegaishiniasu can also be used to ask for "abstract objects." such as repairs, explanations, and understanding.
(—3E)<ÍÍ^b^zV (...o) doozo is used when an offer is made with respect to item X. In the dialogue, the restaurant attendant uses it when she is about to hand the menu to the customer. It may also be used when a person is waiting for you to come forth with item X; a telephone operator, asking for your name, would probably say Oiiamae o doozo. (O is a politeness marker. Therefore onamae is "your honorable name.")
On the pronunciation of number words ► Note that the words for 300, 600, 800, 3,000 and 8,000 involve sound changes. "Counters" whose first sound is //, like hyaku (hundred), generally change shape after 3, 6, and 8. Some counters that begin with a\ like sen (thousand), change shape after 3 and 8. Refer to the table at the end of the volume.
Big numbers ► In addition to the digit markers for tens (juu), hundreds (hyaku), and thousands (sen), which are found in Western languages as well, Japanese uses the marker for tens of thousands (man). Thus 20,000, for example, is niman (=2x10,000), rather than nijunsen ( = 20x1,000). While the next unit marker in Western languages is one million, Japanese describes that number as 100x10.000, that is, hyakiouau.
More complicated numbers can be considered the sums of smaller numbers, as in the following examples.
S.1                   234,567   =   23X10,000 tl U t$ 5 £ A, £ A (nijuusanman)
4X 1,000 «kA,-£A (yonsen)
5X     100 3't>^< tgohyaku)
6X       10 h < V i* 0 (rokujuu)
7 44* (nana)
ft/uUtfo   P r
®7f5l> (Numbers)
a   C t
c e
100	<	1,000		10,000	^
	hyaku		sen		ichiman
200	r~u^ <	2,000		20,000	
	nihyaku		nisen		niman
300		3,000		30,000	
	sanbyaku		sanzen		sanman
400	£A,W* <	4,000		40,000	
	yonhyaku		yonsen		yonman
500	ru^ <	5,000		50,000	^
	gohyaku		gosen		goman
600		6,000	^ <	60,000	
	roppyaku		rokusen		rokuman
700		7,000		70,000	& & i ^
	nanahyaku		nanasen		nanaman
800		8,000		80,000	
	happyaku		hassen		hachiman
900		9,000		90,000	
	kyuuhyaku		kyuusen		kyuuman
A. Read the following numbers.©
(a) 34 (b) 67 (c) 83 (d) 99
(f) 515 (K) 603 (h) 850 i.i) 1,300
(k) 8,900       (1)35,000     (m) 64,500 (n) 92,340
(e) 125 (j) 3,400
B. Look at the pictures and answer how much the things are. ©
Example:   Q I *< > l£ ^ < b"C"t*\
Pen wa     ikura desu ka.
A : li-ti V rp 1 tlLX*-$o
Hachijuu en desu.
Ex. O
(1) LLV-o
(2)
0) L^J.*^
¥80 i
¥50
¥110
(4) 15. A,
¥1,500
(5) T-T
¥600
(6) < o
¥3,500
(7) £tt^
¥10,000
(8) *'f^
¥20,000
(12) / - h
(9) t* L X
(13) (1*U
¥2,800
(10) v->X
(11) L' X L I ^
Pair Work—One of you looks at picture A and the other looks at picture B (p. 50). (Don't look at the other picture.) Find out the price of all items.
Example:   A : z.A,Xf^li o< btt*'o
Enpitsu wa        ikura desu ka.
B :       < z.A,X"tc
Hyaku en desu.
Picture A
A. Items (1) through (6) are near you, and items (7) through (12) are near your friend. Your friend asks what these things are. Answer the questions. Pay attention to Zft {kore) and      (sore). @
Example 1:   Your friend : £ tlli &X,"C~fj&*0
Sore wa   nan desu ka.
You : ztili *<>X~t0
Kore wa   pen desu.
Example 2:  Your friend : C %A,X~t-t>\
Kore wa nan desu ka.
You : Ztili h t—f-f-tc
Sore wa   toreenaa desu.
B. Look at the picture and tell what each building is. H
Example:   Q : &*Ui %A,X'i'A\
Are wa nan desu ka.
A : ktili tlx *»A,-C1\
Are wa toshokan desu.
C. Pair Work—Point out five things in 1 they are using Zti (kore), -trtl (sore), for the vocabulary.
Example 1:
A : KA,X~tt\
Are wa    nan desu ka.
B : hiiii. zttv^--1-„
Are wa     tokee desu.
ne classroom and ask your partner what or jfeft (are). Refer to the picture on p. 53
Example 2:
A : Ztite ^LX~t*\
Sore wa   nan desu ka.
B : zfttt -oX'to
Kore wa   pen desu.
D. Pair Work—One of you looks at card A and the other looks at card B (p. 51). Ask and answer questions to find out the price of each item. Use ZO (kono), ^:(D (sono), or      (ano) appropriately.
Example:  Customer: ^( hX^^\
Kono hon wa    ikura desu ka.
Store attendant :\z*tA,U*<x.A,X'1r0
Nisen hyaku en desu.
Part I. You are a store attendant. Tell Part II. You are a customer. Ask for the the customer how much each item is.        prices of items (l)-(5).
i Ztlít tztMD frtsTrtfr
Pair Work—Point at each item below (picture A) and ask whose it is. Your partner will refer to the picture B (p. 52) and tell you who it belongs to.
Example:   A : Zilli tzi\<?) i'i tti%
Kore wa   dare no    kasa desu ka.
b : / r '} -^^ío *^-c-fs
Mearii san no kasa desu.
Look at the pictures below and describe each picture. ©
Ex. Japanese
Example:
Otoosan wa nihonjin desu.
Okaasan mo nihonjin desu.
Father
Mother
A. Look at the chart on the next page and answer the questions. @ Example:   Q : 2 f'} - * >Ui lzlZA,\: A,X~fi>\
Mearii san wa nihonjin desu ka.
lie, nihonjin ja arimasen. Amerikajin desu.
Takeshi san wa      chuugokujin desu ka.
2. n/N'-hS/Ui T ^ 'j ^7 L' A,XT'? fro
Robaato san wa amerikajin desu ka.
3. LYc-fr/l-fr^Ji frA,Z < L^-c-r^o
Yamashita sensee wa kankokujin desu ka.
Robaato san no senmon wa       nihongo desu ka.
5. x-e?/Co it^v^-c-f^o
Suu san no       senmon wa      keezai desu ka.
Takeshi san wa      Toozai daigaku no gakusee desu ka.
7. yr,J-?^íi V > Y' >fz^¥ ( CD      < -tír^-CÍ"**0
Mearii san vva Rondon daigaku no gakusee desu ka.
Takeshi san vva      ninensee desu ka. Suu san vva      ichinensee desu ka.
10. nA*-h$/lli ito/l-tf-^-Cl-^e
Robaato san vva vonensee desu ka.
®
	Hart, Mary	J V h tz It L Kimura Takeshi	Kim, Sue	Smith, Robert	Yamashita sensee
Nationality	American	Japanese	Korean	British	Japanese
School	U. of Arizona	Tozai Univ.	Seoul Univ.	U. of London	Tozai Univ.
Major	Japanese	history	computer	business	(Japanese teacher)
Year	2nd year	4th year	3rd year	4th year	
B. Pair Work—Ask your partner whose belongings items (1) through (7) are. Your partner will refer to the picture on the next page and answer the questions.
Example:   A : Zfili 2 f'}$v^,T*-f^0 Ex.
Kore vva   Mearii san no saifu desu ka.
lie, Mearii san no saifu ja arimasen.
Kore wa   Rii san no saifu desu ka.
B : ')-$Lco Jo,i.-C*t„
Ee,        Rii san no        saifu desu.
(1)     ^    (2)   _      (3) ^      (4) (5)        ^ (6) ^ (7)
vi ^£#)CD (Review Exercises)
A. Role Play—One student is a store attendant. The other is a customer. Use Dialogue I as a model.
2SM w
B. Role Play—One student is a waiter/waitress. The other student goes to a restaurant. Look at the menu below and order some food or drink, using Dialogue I as a model.
Example:   Customer: Z<7)\,lA,l± ^< bt't^;
Kono hon vva    ikura desu ka.
Store attendant : k*tA,v* < z.A,X~1ra
Nisen hvaku en desu.
Card B
¥2,100
Part I. You are a customer. Ask for the Part II. You are a store attendant. Tell price of items (1)~(5). the customer how much each item is.
Pair Work in ^^^^^
Example:   A : Z Hii fd'tlCD ^^X't^o
Kore wa   dare no    kasa desu ka.
B : 5 T ')   $ Á,eo 5&»^-C"fo
Mearii san no kasa desu.
Picture B
t   Ť 16    *    1    l> í   IS   í> £
Suu Takeshi Mearii Robaato Yamashita sensee
\1 I 3'A
keshigomu
kaban
Useful Expressions
hfr ») x I t=s............................—
Wakarimashita.
i-tf/w,------- -
Wakarimasen.
Yukkuri itte kudasai.
& •? v n   ^ ^ -> T < /"£ $ ^
Moo ichido       itte kudasai.
ib I o £ £ -o X < v
Cholto matte kudasai.
—I understand./I understood.
I don't understand./I don't know.
Please speak slowly.
Please say it again.
Please wait.