The Art of Ancient Rome DU1741,Autumn Semester 2019 II. Historical Frame: Periodisation andTransformations Resting Hermes, from theVilla of Papyri, Herculaneum, 1st century B.C., copy of a Greek original of the 4th century B.C., Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples Reliefs from theAltar of “DomitiusAhenobarbus”, set up c. 100 B.C., Munich, Glypothek and Musée du Louvre, Paris The Art of Ancient Rome DU1741,Autumn Semester 2019 II. Periodisation and SomeVisual Roots Periods of Roman History I.“Etruscan” period, Kingship 753 BC: Foundation of Rome 509 BC: Expulsion of the last king of the gensTarquinia, kings of Etruscan Origins,Tarquinius Superbus Terracotta statue of young woman, late 4th–early 3rd century BC / NewYork, Metropolitan Museum Terracotta head of a woman, c. 525–500 BC / NewYork, MET Bronze statuette of a woman, late 6th century BC / NewYork, MET Sarcophagus of the Spouses, late 6th century, terracotta, with traces of polychromy / Rome,Villa Giulia, Museo Nazionale Etrusco Sarcophagus of the Spouses, late 6th century / Louvre, Paris Cinerary urn, end of the 2nd, early 1st century B.C., alabaster, production of Volterra, Museo Gregoriano Etrusco,Vatican Cinerary urn ofThanaVipinei Ranazunia, 2nd century B.C., terracotta, Metropolitan Museum, NewYork Periods of Roman History II. The Roman Republic - Cultural mix of Latin, Etruscan, Greek elements - Vast expansion of the Roman domination Roman province shortly before the assassination of Julius Caesar, 44 BC Periods of Roman History II. The Roman Republic - Cultural mix of Latin, Etruscan, Greek elements - Vast expansion of the Roman domination - Ends in 27 BC, with the first princeps, or imperator, Gaius Octavianus, known asAugustus (r. 27 BC – 14AD) Periods of Roman History III. Imperial Rome - First period: pax romana,with a series of great emperors likeVespasian,Trajan, Hadrian etc… fromAugustus to Severus (193–211) - Deeply Roman visual language, with the figure of the emperor become a major theme Statue of MarcusAurelius, 2nd centuryAD, Louvre Lens Augustus Prima Porta, c. 15AD, MuseiVaticani Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, gilded bronze, 166– 180AD, Musei Capitolini, Rome “Brutus”, part of a Roman bronze honorific statue, around 300 BC / Rome, Musei Capitolini L’arringatore, bronze statue of a politician from Perusium (Perugia), first quarter of the first century BC / Florence, Museo archeologico Diptych of ProbusAnicius, carved ivory, 402 / Museo del tesoro della cattedrale diAosta Head of Constantine I, 325- 370AD / NewYork, MET