M¥<Dl&fc L (Kanji Topics)
•    WlM^>M^ -1- (Verbs -1-) ft* b
Each kanji has its own meaning. It can function as a noun, adjective, verb, etc. in sentences. What do you think is the function of the following kanji?
*fr     * *
|"&J and r^j are nouns. Tf/rJ functions as an adjective and \%\ (to buy) as a verb. However, kanji can not be used alone as adjectives or verbs. Hiragana endings always follow and they are called "OKURIGANA (inflectional endings)".
jf/f L V ^ new Jo/JtV^I" to buy
Using the above four kanji, let's make some sentences.
|Ali$t l^^£|IViL/co I bought a new book.
fa<nJfL{t$ff L <     V, \ T"f o My book is not new.
^IC^.^^ o T 4 /■££ Please buy me a book.
Lesson 9
Japanese verb can be divided into 3 groups according to their conjugation.
1st Group: the verb stem ends with a consonant
ff < [ik-u] Vi $ £ ~t [ik-imasu] to go
M < [kik-u] ffl £ £ -f [kik-imasu] to hear
# < [kak-u] If £ £ ~f [kak-imasu] to write
tfe-fr [hanas-u] %i L i "f [hanash-imasu] to speak
l&Jj [yom-u] f^^ii" [yom-imasu] to read
fotj [yasum-u]            £ 'f [yasum-imasu] to rest
!)#■ h [kaer-u] % U £ ~f [kaer-imasu] to go back
% 1 [ka(w)-u] X ^ £ ~f [ka(w) -imasu] to buy
2nd Group: the verb stem ends with a vowel
i£<& [tabe-ru] fe^tiT [tabe-masu] to eat
t>t 1L h [oshie-ru] i£ X. £ i~ [oshie-masu] to teach
Jt, [mi-ru] &£'f [mi-masu] to see
3rd Group: irregular verb
^ 6 [ku-ru]         £ i~ [ki-masu] to come
~f h [su-ru]       L £ ~f [shi-masu] to do
[ft A I* Kb O ]   Classify the following kanji into nouns, adjectives and verbs.
ft	*	J?			*	m	
	ft		#	If		0	,&
		*				*	
^3 fs]  (Nouns) 1_
if^^m (Adjectives) : (#f5]  (Verbs) :_
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Lesson 9
a-*y h 2
.................m9m<D%lZA,m^ (Basic Kanji)
'2-1  iM^F-ftiP^i i?tz (Writing Kanji) •
**																				
If		go act line						Z ft'- n                          ^3^7 (6)												
			\		r	f														
																				
																				
																				
0 0 <  to go                                         ffiÄT(')                 & to travel ff (fc I ft) 9  to do                                   —ft @ (K • 2* Jt    • *>) the 2nd line																				
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87
come next
7 A
(7)
^.(O -Z, to come
^ ^ ( b ^ • If o) next month
^^-{h^s-UL) nextyear
^ H ( h ^ •|: *>) ~t Z> to visit Japan
		return go (come) back						^X.--f (10)												
			f	1	f		r	J)/	3				m							
								7			7»									
																				
																				
■ )f (^i)      to go/come back                  jiff? JS] (J ■ - < ) ~$~ <S to return to one's country 'Jiff (^X.) "f" to let someone go/come back																				
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79
Lesson 9
89
																			
	k		eat				(9)												
/					A-							fe							
											y								
																			
																			
fe(tz)<6 to eat fet fe(.tzX^a<0) food ?i												1- ( L Jt < • C) meal £(r}> 1 • L X O supper							
			drink						O-L"                            -ť >• (12)											
				M			<*				1			Í			w			
																				
																				
																				
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to drink
beverage
ffc)|§ 0 N A • L rp) drinking (alcohol)
p-j see tr look						A--tt£									
1.....	n	m	1	1..	m		...g								
															
															
to look at, to see                            ^feJL(v x''^^) opinion jfjW-rj; <£> toshow                                  Jl^^Ot/C-o-"?)^-     to go sightseeing															
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		1	hear					*-< í-a^ (14)										
		in		r		ř		n	ffl	ffl	F-	1			Ft	00	w	
		1																
																		
																		
ffl(*)<  to hear, to listen to                         %ftf^(l L-L) newspaper ^ ( í ) C X. -i> can be heard																		
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Lesson 9
																								
WZ			read							Ji-i;                     f ^ (14)														
								\		V		XJ		*** • o			^± XJ	^±	X3		X*}		m	
																								
																								
(J;) £j to read                                       w^lif" ( £ ^ ' L J:) reading books fj^ (J:) <& reading                                       gfiS^ ( £* < ■ l ^) reader																								
W			write book							fr- <                                                  V 3 (10)														
	■7									*				T77		#								
																								
																								
																								
^       <  to write                                      ~^=fj£ (LJi-TW book store "f^fjf ( L /i •     £ draft                              ^2^(1 Jt ■    1 ) calligraphy																								
If			speak talk							li*--f 7 Ii* I (13)														
								r				5		>* P	^»				6					
																								
																								
g^(li^.')"t" to speak                                   *^"f^f(^nW;W conversation g^(li^L) story, talk                                lU^TX-fr) telephone, call																								
I			buy							(12)														
			—1	m		rm		CEO		o. 1	o	m				CEO		CEO	CEO					
														r										
																								
																								
Jf (tf\> 9  to buy Jf(7>\H ^(t^)= J|#(>^ w t«) shopping																								
81
Lesson 9
at*																
		teach religion				(11)										
	+															
																
																
																
^[ (fc L ) X. Z> to teach                                         (J J: T'^Of 1) to educate ^^■(J J: 9           church                         ^C^(* J: rLo) classroom																
2-2  WtfatlA, L/ HJ> 9 (Reading Eercises)
I . Write the readings of the following kanji in Hiragana.
i-ft-t   2.h<    s.#<    4.^t; 5.
6-ff< 8.!)§£        9.^-7 10.ffct;
11.^^       12. $C*.*
16.7=^°- htS^#£1"*
II. Read the following sentences.
i. ^<Di^^$m^tk^i itz0
2.0jffl$,c*:€f$Tf$li-to
3. 5H#|C.   9 i^lC-Jf i-r„ E
Lesson 9
'J J:
8.10ff @<7)3c£f^/0T < /=*^0
2-3  ft   tl A L Kb 9 (Writing Exercises)
I. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate kanji.
1. to go
<
2. to go back 3. to come
4. to eat 5. to drink
6. to see
t;
8. to speak
CO A 9. to read 10. to write
<
7. to hear
<
lift Jt ^
11. to go sightseeing 12. reading books 13. newspaper
~t6
\1L ,r.-3
*r < Li
L/C   0» A/
83
Lesson 9
E. Write the appropriate kanji based on the meaning of the word.
1. food
fz ten
4. shopping
7. the 3rd line
í L ?' J: 1 10. next month
h v * If o 13. breakfast
J; 1 I X < 16. restaurant
I x < XL 19. education
21. to drink Japanese tea
2. beverage
3. reading material
(73
5. travel
t CO
Jt
6. bank
i CO
'J J: O
11. next year
b <■ * fc^ 14. lunch
17. to visit for study
i-jx ^<
20. to buy flowers
9
I1ÍL'
60
8. to return to one's country      9. next week
b^x L m Ť
12. telephone
15. supper
fy i L x < 18. cherry blossom viewing
lift A
84
v			♦ <
	<	-r	
ft <			T
			
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