The Art of Ancient Rome DU1741,Autumn Semester 2020 II. Historical Frame: Periodisation andTransformations Resting Hermes, from the Villa of Papyri, Herculaneum, 1st century B.C., copy of a Greek original of the 4th century B.C., Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples Reliefs from theAltar of “DomitiusAhenobarbus”, set up c. 100 B.C., Munich, Glypothek and Musée du Louvre, Paris Periods of Roman History I. “Etruscan” period, Kingship 753 BC: Foundation of Rome 509 BC: Expulsion of the last king of the gens Tarquinia, kings of Etruscan Origins, Tarquinius Superbus Terracotta statue of young woman, late 4th–early 3rd century BC / New York, Metropolitan Museum Terracotta head of a woman, c. 525–500 BC / New York, MET Bronze statuette of a woman, late 6th century BC / NewYork, MET Sarcophagus of the Spouses, late 6th century, terracotta, with traces of polychromy / Rome,Villa Giulia, Museo Nazionale Etrusco Sarcophagus of the Spouses, late 6th century / Louvre, Paris Cinerary urn, end of the 2nd, early 1st century B.C., alabaster, production of Volterra, Museo Gregoriano Etrusco,Vatican Cinerary urn ofThanaVipinei Ranazunia, 2nd century B.C., terracotta, Metropolitan Museum, NewYork Periods of Roman History II. The Roman Republic - Cultural mix of Latin, Etruscan, Greek elements - Vast expansion of the Roman domination Roman province shortly before the assassination of Julius Caesar, 44 BC So-called PatrizioTorlonia, sometimes believed to be Cato the Elder, marble, 1st centuryAD copy of an original of 80-70 BC / Rome, collezioneTorlonia Periods of Roman History II. The Roman Republic - Cultural mix of Latin, Etruscan, Greek elements - Vast expansion of the Roman domination - Ends in 27 BC, with the first princeps, or imperator, Gaius Octavianus, known as Augustus (r. 27 BC – 14 AD) Periods of Roman History III. Imperial Rome - First period: pax romana,with a series of great emperors likeVespasian,Trajan, Hadrian etc… fromAugustus to Severus (193–211) - Deeply Roman visual language, with the figure of the emperor become a major theme Statue of Marcus Aurelius, 2nd century AD, Louvre LensAugustus Prima Porta, c. 15 AD, Musei Vaticani Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, gilded bronze, 166– 180 AD, Musei Capitolini, Rome Capitoline Brutus, part of a bronze honorific statue, around 300 BC / Rome, Musei Capitolini L’arringatore, bronze statue of a politician from Perusium (Perugia), first quarter of the first century BC / Florence, Museo archeologico Diptych of Probus Anicius, carved ivory, 402 / Museo del tesoro della cattedrale di Aosta Head of Constantine, 325-370AD / Metropolitan Museum, NewYork